THE IMPACT OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS ON EMPLOYEE’S PERFORMANCE
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ABSTRACT
The word motivation comes from the Latin word EMOVERE which mean to move. Motivation is a general term applying to the entire class of drives, desire, and needs wishes and similar forces inherent in an individual, which make him behave in a particular way.
Thus, motivation could simply refer to as those inner drives that activate, energies of move behavioural patterns of individuals or group and sustain them towards the satisfaction of a felt needs. Motivation is interested in the “WHY” or rationale behind human behaviours. Although not all-human behaviour is motivated, some are based on reflex action, habit or instinct. A manager is only interested in those behaviours that can be motivated when an individual is left with a choice.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction – – – – – – – 1
1.1 Statement of General Problem – – – – 4
1.2 Objective of the Essay – – – – – 5
1.3 Significance of the Essay – – – – – 7
1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Essay – – – 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.O Literature Review – – – – – – 11
2.1 Definition – – – – – – – – 12
2.2 Ways of Motivating Employees – – – – 13
2.3 Factors of Motivation – – – – – – 16
2.4 Theories of Motivation – – – – – – 18
2.5 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory – – – 20
2.6 Herzberg two Factors Theory of Motivation – – 22
2.7 Dorglas Mcgregor’s Theory X and Theory Y – – 24
2.8 The Expectancy Theory – – – – – 26
2.9 Reinforcement Theory – – – – – – 28
2.10 Effect of Motivation on Employees performance – 30
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation – – 37
3.1 Summary – – – – – – – – 37
3.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – 38
3.3 Recommendation – – – – – – 39
Reference – – – – – – – – 41
1.0 INTRODUCTION
One of the major problems confronting management today is that of motivating to perform assigned task to meet or surpasses predetermined standard. Motivation is that energizing forces that induces or compels and maintains behaviour. Human behaviour is motivated it is goals directed.
It is not easy to motivate an individual, for the success of any motivational effort depends on the extent of which the motivator meets the needs of the individual employees for whom it is intended. Motivation is an internal psychological process whose presence or absence is intended from observed performance.
In Nigeria today, lack of proper managerial knowledge, economic depression and high rate of unemployment have made most workers subjected to themselves, to deplorable working conditions, which of course are the catalyst of low performance.
The management of most organization tends to believe that workers are satisfied with their job but unfortunately they are not.
The disadvantage of these to the employers that workers will not put in their best and the result will be low performance.
Managers in most of the organization are aware of the situation in the labour market, and as such went to capitalize on that to subject workers to deplorable working condition. It is when one is satisfied both physically and psychologically that such a person can perform his best. Therefore, intimidating workers or threatening to sack can only worsen the situation. But cannot solve it.
Job satisfaction presupposes going to work and getting believed of work done. In Nigeria, most at times, the pay given to a worker is not commensurable to the type of work done. This is the reason why sometimes efficient and experience worker leave an organization for another organization that pay more or stay in the organization and perform below expectation.
Job dissatisfaction is quite prevalent in most organization. low performance which comes as a result of job dissatisfaction is always the basis for conflict between organization and workers. Managers always blame the workers for not putting in their best, and on side of the workers they blame management for not providing or creating an enabling environment as in motivation. Whoever may be guilty, the bottom line is satisfying the objective of the organization, which of course is to make enough profit to keep the organization moving.
To meet the above object there need for both the management and employee to reach a consensus, the management meeting the desires of the workers and in turn the employees putting in their best in terms of performance. The workers need security of all types; physical, psychological and economic are important for effective and efficient performance.
Security can serve as an incentive to some individual to remain with the organization and to put in maximum effort in performance.
1.1 STATEMENT OF GENERAL PROBLEM
Some organization tends to employ more personnel in order to meet the set target of their organization’s production and to satisfy the primary demand of customer. However, despites all these effort, there could still be inefficiency that is performance could still be below…
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