BUDGET IN HIGHER INSTITUTION OF LEARNING IN NIGERIA

“A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC OKOH”

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ABSTRACT

 

The main aim of this research work is focused on “Budgeting in Higher Institution of Learning in Nigeria “Federal Polytechnic, Okoh.

The project set out to examine the effectiveness and efficiency of budgeting system in order to evaluate the past, present and future performance and trends in Federal polytechnic, Okoh’s system.

In this project work, 50 questionnaires were distributed randomly among the staff at the institution.  There were 100% responses as records in chapter four.

Data were analyses using tables and percentage.

Finding were as follows:-

1. Confusion as to the purpose of budget
2. Lack of definite goals spelt out in budge
3. Use of technical jargons
4. Appropriate method to be used in high institutions
5. There is no control on performance.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

• Background of the study
• Statement of problem
• Purpose of the study
• Research questions
• Need for the study
• Significance of the study
• Scope of the study

CHAPTER TWO

• Literature Review
• Definition of Budgeting
• Evolution of the budgeting system in higher institutions
• Budgeting control in Federal polytechnic, Okoh
• Types of Budgetary system adopted in polytechnic, Okoh.
• Formular Budgeting system

 

CHAPTER THREE

• Research Design
• Area of study
• Population of the study
• Sample and sampling
• Instrument for Data collection
• Validation of Instrument
• Reliability of Instrument
• Method of Data collection

 

CHAPTER FOUR

• Data presentation, analysis and interpretation
• Findings

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1     Discussion of Results

5.2     Implication of the research findings

5.3     Recommendations

5.4     Suggestions for further research

5.5     Limitation to the study

Bibliography

Appendix

Questionnaires

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

          INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The practice of budgeting is as old as modern civilization and is central to effective management of learning resources.  Most peoples, organisation, Institutions and companies will at one time or the other plan ahead, I terms of there activities and their available resources. This is done as a statement prepared and approved prior to a defined period of time, of the policy to be pursued during that period for the purpose of attaining a given objective.  It serves as a quantitative expression of a plan of action and an aid to co-ordination and implementation.

As well as being a plan, a budget also act as a control against which actual performance can be evaluate.  In order to make its decisions wisely, the management of federal polytechnic, Okoh and other higher institutions in Nigeria must have a vision about its future, and budge enhance that.  Budget provides a rational and objective basis for allocation of scare resources in that institution. With so may competing needs of the management, the school and students, with regard to her learn resources, the discipline of budgeting compels school management to be discreet in allocating limited resources to meet unlimited expenditure possibilities. This does not suggest the absence of sentimentality and irrationality but at least these are minimized.

The aim of this project is “Budgeting in Higher Institutions of learning particularly Federal Polytechnic, Okoh”.  It will cover areas as expected grants, internally generated revenue as well as expected expenditure.

Discussion will also be made as to the importance of Budgeting to Federal Polyphonic, Okoh including other higher Institutions of learning.

In the course of the study, the system adopted by federal polytechnic, Okoh will also be discussed and suitable system recommended for use.

Finally, an analysis will be made to see whether budgeting is necessary ion Federal Polytechnic, Okoh and other higher institutions of learning in Nigeria.

 

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

It has become an annual ritual for the bursar of Federal polytechnic, Okoh and other higher institutions in Nigeria to send out circulars generally known as budget call circulars requesting heads of departments and units to submit an estimate of there requirements for a particular year.  Such call letters are received in various department with mixed feelings, yet the exercise continues on a yearly basis. Some heads of department feel that such call letters are not important because they are essentially the same every year.

Other