ATTITUDE OF MEN TOWARDS FAMILY PLANNING AND IMPLICATION FOR THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN OGHARA-EFE COMMUNITY

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                                                  ABSTRACT

Family planning is a very important matter because it has a role to play the in family and the development of the country at large. Failure to target men in health intervention has weakened the impact of the reproduction health programme. This prompted the research to undertake a study on the attitude of men towards family planning and the implication for their involvement. The rationale for this study is based on the fact that men hardly face to plan their family, putting the health of their wives at risk. In carrying out the research 10% of the target population of 208.4 was used, using stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaire was distributed and findings were analyzed using simple percentage, tables, pie chat. It was found out that the attitude of men in Oghara – efe community towards family planning is fair, also the result of the data implies that family planning would be more effective if men are actively involved.

Conclusively it is recommended that adequate health education as regards to issue bordering on family planning should be provided by nurse, especially to men and ensures that they are also actively involved.

Also extension research should be carried out to provide varieties of contraceptives for males.

Word count:        200  

CHAPTER ONE

Background of the Study         –         –         –         –         –         –         –    1

Statement of the Problem        –         –         –         –         –         –         –    4

Objective of the Study    –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –    5

Significance of the Study          –         –         –         –         –         –         –    5

Research Questions        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –    6

Research Hypothesis      –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –      7

Delimitation / Scope of the Study     –         –         –         –         –         7

Limitation of the Study  –         –         –         –         –         –         –         7

Operational Definition of terms         –         –         –         –         –         8

CHAPTER TWO

Literature Review –         –        –         –         –         –         –         –         10

Definition    –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         12

Aims and Objectives of Family Planning      –         –         –         –         12

Principles of family Planning    –         –         –         –         –         –         13

Classification and Types of Family Planning Methods     –         –         13

Highlight of some of the most commonly used methods           –         17

Family Planning Method –         –         –         –         –         –         –         19

Advantages –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         19

Some Side Effects Contraceptives have on Human Body-        –         20

Some of the Misconceptions of Family Planning    –         –         –         21

Reasons for not Accepting Family Planning –         –         –         –         22

Reasons for utilizing Contraceptives –         –         –         –         –         22

Economic Reason  –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         23

Pleasure Reason   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         23

Mankind Dominion Reason      –         –         –         –         –         –         23

Eugenic Reasons  –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         23

Health Reasons     –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         24

Demographic Motives (Reasons)         –         –         –         –         –         25

Method of Family Planning For Males          –         –         –         –         26

Factors Responsible for the Negative Attitude of Males

towards Family Planning          –         –         –         –         –         29

Ways of Improving Fathers Altitudes Towards Family Planning         32

Conceptual/ Theoretical Framework –         –         –         –         –         36

Implications for the Involvement of Men in Family Planning    –         38

Empirical Researches     –         –         –         –         –         –         –         40

 

CHAPTER THREE

Research Design   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         43

Study Setting        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         43

Target Population –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         44

Study Population –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         44

Samples and Sampling Techniques   –         –         –         –         –         45

Instruments for Date Collection        –         –         –         –         –         46

Validity/ Reliability of Instrument     –         –         –         –         –         47

Method of Data Collection        –         –         –         –         –         –         47

Method of Date Analysis –         –         –         –         –         –         –         48

Ethical Considerations   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         48

CHAPTER FOUR

Results        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         49

Presentation of results   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         49

Testing of Hypothesis     –         –         –         –         –         –         –         67

CHAPTER FIVE

Discussion of Findings    –         –         –         –         –         –         –         72

Discussion of findings and demographic data       –         –         –         72

Relationship to other research study –         –         –         –         –         74

Implication of Nursing    –         –         –         –         –         –         –         75

Summary and conclusion        –         –         –         –         –         –         77

Recommendation/ suggestion for further study   –         –         –         78

References –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         80

Appendix     –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         83

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The issue of family planning all over the world has attracted attention due to it important in decision making about population growth and development issues. Uncontrolled birth is a major contributing factor of an increase in the world’s population, particularly in Nigeria. Statistics shows that the population of the world was about one billion in 1859 in 1930, the population had doubled (two billion) in 1976, the total population was said to be four billion. Today, it is more than six billion, with Nigeria having a population of over 162 million, thus being the largest country in Africa and the 7^th in the world map (United States Census Buxau, 2010). Life is a precious gift that every individual hunger for and in an attempt to grab this gift, our health must be maintained.

There are so many problems that have been found to result from poor family planning method. Some of these problems include: Over population, criminal abortion, child dumping, increased child morbidity and mortality, as well as increases material morbidity and mortality rates. Over population as one of the consequences of poor family planning has succeeded in causing a lot of harm to individuals, families, society and the nation at large.

Maternal mortality and child mortality have been found to occur due to poor family planning practice, according to the statement of the WHO (World Health Organization) and United Nation Education, Scientific Children’s Organization (UNESCO) in 1991) that over three million children and two hundred thousand women die each year and also women’s health and action research (2004) had showed rates of child and maternal mortality and morbidity  rate in the world due to poor altitude towards Ante-natal care in which family planning is one of the objectives. The President of Nigeria, his Excellency, Goodluck Ebele Jonathan was quoted in Vanguard newspaper on June 28, 2012saying “Nigeria families should have only the children they can afford. To ensure this order was followed , a new planned Parenthood Federation of Nigeria (PPFN) was created. He said it may be time for birth control legislation.

Family planning, until recently, a very sensitive subject in Africa, is now very increasingly accepted as a necessary ingredient of socio-economic development. It is now thought to be an important health measure that contributes to the health of parents, children and the entire nation. Because of the great effect over population has on socio-economic status, education and health in general, a full understanding of this phenomenon and the  major factors governing it are essential, thus the need to adopt family as a means of checking the escalating  birthrate cannot be over emphasized. Unfortunately, this idea is not adequately emphasized on, especially in the rural areas, where it was observed that they g=have a high regard for large families and children are seen as a blessing from God. They believed that the more children a man has, the more hands to help with work especially on the farm. It is also believed that children give status to a women and security in old age. In Oghara-efe Community in Delta State, it was observed that husband often make sexual demands with little or no consideration for material health and the children’s survival. They compound their wives potential mortality rate by either not allowing her to seek family planning, advice or will not seek it as a collection responsibility. This present mentality in Oghara-efe community and its consequent socio-economic, educational and health effect on the villagers makes it important for this study to be carried out.

Statement of the Problem

Most fathers shy away from sharing the responsibility of family planning with their wives therefore, leaving the burden on her alone to bear. Although in Urban town, most father have started having good perception of family planning, but in rural areas like Oghara-efe community, the fathers still have a wrong perception towards family planning.