AN ASSESSMENT OF ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT ON DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS
(A case study of First Bank of Nigeria Plc, Kaduna South Branch)
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this research work is to have an independence study on the analysis and interpretation of financial statement using first bank of Nigeria plc the rock no sooner than they started. The survival of any firm depend on how we the financial resources are been mange which could determine how well the firm is progress. This study was aimed at enlightening the entrepreneur on the objective and uses of financial ratios as a tool for financial analysis which could also help in investigating some management policy and practices of a company. In order to collect valuable information from this study the choice of questionnaire and oral interview method was used. It though reveal that the importance of ratio in analyzing and interpreting financial statement. The research work thus ended with appreciable recommendation in order to maximize profit and enhance the liquidity of the company as well the efficiency of production that ratio used in analyzing and interpretation of bank financial statement should be major and relevant ones in measuring the financial performance and the bank should capitalize on the advantage of the utilization of financial ratio in order to keep abreast with his business environment.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
According to frank wood and Allan songster (2002) business accounting is concerned with the quantitative expression of economic data? As a discipline it evolve from a need for a frame work of recording, classifying, summarizing, analyzing and communicating economic data.
Financial management is a specialized area of accounting, which is concerned, with the effective and efficient management of financial resources of any organization. The survival of any firm depends on how well the financial resources are being managed.
The interpretation of accounting involves the analysis and criticism of a given set of financial statement with the aim of providing useful information for decision making the principal techniques used in the interpretation of accounting is for calculating important and relevant ratios to an organization, such ratios when computed are most often used for comparism purposes and to know if the organization is sounding well in their performance.
This study is based on first bank of Nigeria plc Kaduna because it is widely believed that the cause of failure of much business organizations both small and large in Nigeria today is as a result of poor financial institution which could give an insight into the challenges facing the business world, the interpretation of the business world, prevalent economic situation of the country and how to manage financial resources effectively and efficiently.
Most business that started newly hit the rock on sooner than they start, not because the product is unprofitable but because of lack of modern techniques of financial management lack of planning and the ability of the entrepreneur to make use of financial management techniques to appraise the performance of the business and make correct forecast about failure.
Therefore, financial analysis is concerned with the key decision function in the firm these include:
a. The planning and allocation of funds for working capital.
b. evaluation of financial alternatives open to the firm and the cost associated with them
c. the strategy of acquisition and mergers and the external growth of the firm.
The assessment of financial management is to provide a basis for assessing the financial implication of decision made in order areas of management, which will be judged according to
i. the firm financial goal
ii. how they affect the overall valuation of the firm
iii. How they affect the overall performance of the firm.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The survival of any firm depends on how well the financial resources are being managed. The firm determines how well the firm may progress. Points could be considered.
1. What role does financial record play in achieving good financial management?
2. In what way does financial ratio help an enterprise in management decision making?
3. What is the important of short and long – term loan or borrowing to an enterprise?
4. What is the major source of income for the organization?