AN ASSESSMENT OF BUDGET AND BUDGETARY CONTROL IN NIGERIA COMMERCIAL BANKS
(A case study of Union Bank of Nigeria Plc, Kaduna)
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ABSTRACT
The defectiveness of an organization depends on the effectiveness of the management body. An organization that wishes to develop and grow must be involved in budget preparation, so as to make long term plans. Whether or not the capacity of building made and prepared by management in their annual corners stone of this study. This project present some findings on the contributions of budgeting through interview, questionnaire and personal observation and analysis of the data shown in chapter four (4) despite that the budget system and budgetary control an effective towards decision making of management without forecasting, the business may suffer in future, deficiency of cash which may in turn resistant curtailment of their operation thereby forcing management to engage in borrowing at substantial interests rate with precise reference to the findings of the project work. The contribution of budgeting and budgetary control to management making budgeting and budgetary to other decision making techniques finally, a skillfully prepared budgeting program should be properly implemented to ensure effective budgeting via control.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Every organization set out to achieve one objective or two other such objectives are usually streamlined through the planning process. In planning process involves setting out objectives, examine the various ways of achieving them and directing on the best ways future it brings about the problem of budgeting.
Consequently, every business organization employs the principle and concept of budgeting as a tool in order to attain management performance efficiency and effectiveness to achieve set of goals.
According to Fiomgen, James M. (1973:144)” a budget is a comprehensive and coordinated plan expressed in financial terms, for the operations and resources of an enterprise to some specific period in the future.
M.O. Peter (1984:28) went further to defined a budget as simply as financial and or quantitative statement prepared prior to a defined period of time of the policy to be pursued for the propose of attaining a given objective. On the other hand, it may be regarded as a plan expressed in financial and quantitative terms which may involve income, expenditure and the use of capital.
Budgeting is a conscious articulation of plan of an organization for a given time period. As such a budget can also be a plan expressed in monetary terms prepared and approved prior to a given period of time usually stating the objectives to be pursued within the period and the resources to be employed in achieving those objective. It is a well known fact that without a plan control it is not possible and as such budgeting is an integral part of planning.
The basic element of budgeting are:-
1. It is a comprehensive and co-ordination plan
2. It is expressed in financial terms
3. It is a future plan for the firms operations and resources
4. It is a plan for a specific period
It is therefore imperative for management of any organization to have plan of actions as a means of protecting profit in a continuous basis. It is very rare for an organization to operate successfully without planning for the future. Since any integral part of effective planning is budgeting which invariable is interned to fall. An assist management in the process of economizing the use of business resources and efficient decision making process.
1.2 Statement of the problem
For an organization to achieve its objective effectively there has to be efficient budgeting and budgetary control in the organization. Lack of proper budgeting and budgetary control in the organization may result to officers including expenditure without approval which may subsequently lead to deficit budget. This study is designed to find out whether money deposit bank (union Bank particular) comply with as specified in their internal control.