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ABSTRACT

A project research study on the level of ascariasis in children between 4-15 years of age were carried out in the Schools I, II, III & IV in Ziks Avenue Primary School, Uwani Enugu, Enugu State. A total of 110 feacal samples was collected from the pupils randomly, and microscopically examined using iodine normal saline wet preparation and saturated sodium chloride floatation technique. Infection rate of ascariasis at the time of study (January, 2013) was drastically low in accordance with the result of the research. Prevalence rate was zero percent. This result is associated wit the time of study, lack of use of untreated human feaces as fertilizers in the study area, (low agricultural practice), average level of environmental sanitation in the area, adequate personal hygiene by the parents of the pupils, the teachers and the pupils themselves, educational level and the standard of living of the people residing in the area studied.

CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 2
1.3 Purpose of the Study 3
1.4 Significance of the Study 3
1.5 Scope of the Study 3

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 History 4
2.2 Epidemiology 6
2.3 Scientific Classification 7
2.4 Morphology 8
2.5 Life Cycle 9
2.6 Mode of Transmission 13
2.7 Pathogenicity/Clinical Symptoms 13
2.8 Laboratory Diagnosis 16
2.9 Treatment 17

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY 20
3.1 Research Design 20
3.2 Studies Area 20
3.3 Target Population 20
3.4 Sample and Sampling Method 20
3.5 General Material Used 21
3.6 Methods of Specimen Examination 23

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULTS 27

CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 30

References 37

LIST OF TABLES

Table I: Tabulation of values 27
Table II: Distribution of ascariasis among age groups of
children examined 28
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure I: Life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides 11
Figure II Adult worm of Ascaris lumbricoides 11
Figure III: Unfertilized egg of A. lubricoides 12
Figure IV: Fertilized egg of A. lumbricoides 12
Figure V: Decorticated egg of A. lumbricoides 12

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Ascariasis is a disease caused by the parasite Ascaris Lumbricoides. This parasite is a giant intestinal nematode (round worm) Ascariasis is common world wide especially in tropics and sub tropical areas. This disease is prevalent in the areas where sanitation is minimal and untreated human feaces are used as fertilizer.
(Sangllass et al 2008) Ascaris suum is another species but infects only pigs and humans while A. lumbricoides infects human only. Although ascariasis occours at all ages, it is common mostly in children between the age of 2-15 years old and prevalence decreases over the age of 15 years.
It is spread by feacal pollution of the environment (Ochei et al 2007).

A person becomes infected by ingesting infective egg in contaminated food or from hand that have become feacally contaminated or water, thus it is transmitted by faced-oral route.
Ascaris lumbricoides is the largest nematode of man, the female worms are more longer an stouter than the males and can measure about 40cm in length and 6mm in diameter. They are white or pink and are tapered at both end. The ova can survive for up to 10 years in adverse condition (uunfavourable condition) the eggs are resistant to chlorine which is used in water disinfection but can be removed by filtration or by boiling.
Its developing larvae can be destroyed by sunlight by desiccation on exposure. It has no significant animal reservoir host.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The following problems precipitated this project research work.
1. Health implication of allowing the pupils to deficate around or within the school compound and the health advantages of proper sanitation.
2. Frequent diarrhea and other symptoms of intestinal worm attack observed among

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