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AN EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF REGULATORY BODIES IN DEVELOPING A VIABLE AND SUSTAINABLE CAPITAL MARKET

AN EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF REGULATORY BODIES IN DEVELOPING A VIABLE AND SUSTAINABLE CAPITAL MARKET (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE)

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COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

 

ABSTRACT

The Nigerian Capital Market is indeed a tool for economic growth and development. Many researchers are of the opinion that the market has done well, especially in terms of return on investments. If this is true, the impact is supposed to be shown on the economy of the nation. The aim of the research is therefore to evaluate the impact of regulatory bodies in developing the capital market with particular reference to the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Data were gathered on the activities of the Nigerian capital market for a period of 5 years (i.e. 2005 – 2010) through studying existing documents and the administration of questionnaires. Descriptive research methods were used. The analysis of data was based on chi-square and the use of table and simple percentages. The findings of the study revealed that the impact of the regulatory bodies on the capital market has enhanced the listing of more companies on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange. Finally, it is recommended, among others that less stringent listing requirement be employed by the Exchange to allow more participation of intending participants in the market.

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         1

1.1     Background of the Study      –         –         –         –         –         1

1.2     Statement of the Problems  –         –         –         –         –         3

1.3     Objectives of the Study         –         –         –         –         –         4

1.4     Research Hypothesis/Questions    –         –         –         –         5

1.5     Significance of the Study      –         –         –         –         –         5

1.6     Scope of the Study       –         –         –         –         –         –         6

1.7     Historical Background of the Case Study        –         –         7

1.8     Definition of Terms     –         –         –         –         –         –         11

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Introduction        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         13

2.1     Relevant Concepts and Theories   –         –         –         –         27

2.2     Sub Heads –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         27

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Introduction        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         30

3.1     Population and Sample Size          –         –         –         –         30

3.2     Sampling Techniques  –         –         –         –         –         –         31

3.4     Sources and Method of Data Collection –         –         –         32

3.5     Methods of Data Analysis    –         –         –         –         –         33

3.6     Justification for the Choice  –         –         –         –         –         33

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     Introduction        –         –         –         –         –         –         –         36

4.1     Data Presentation       –         –         –         –         –         –         36

4.2     Data Analysis and Interpretation –         –         –         37

4.3     Testing of Hypothesis/Questions and Interpretation        43

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1     Summary   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         46

5.2     Limitations of the Study       –         –         –         –         –         48

5.3     Conclusion –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         49

5.4     Recommendations       –         –         –         –         –         –         50

Bibliography       –         –         –         –         –         –         –         52

Appendix   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –         54

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

 

1.1     THE BACKGROUNG OF THE STUDY

The economic growth and development of any economy largely depend on the ability to raise capital through the capital market. The Nigerian stock exchange is a place where the enormous capital which is required to operate the huge industrial and commercial cooperation today can be raised.

Osaze (1991) asserted that the emergence of the institution of the Nigerian stock exchange is a spontaneous reaction of the enterprise economies. The significance reaction of the stock exchange in an economy such as our own cannot be over emphasized, for it is the bed-rock of large scale investment. The Nigerian government hopes to create an economy which would bring about the best in its citizens, compete effectively in the global market and improves the standard of living of its people. An economy where hard work, accountability and transparency would be the cardinal principle that both foreign and local investors would be proud to participate in. once investors looses confidence as a result of market abuse, the growth and development of capital market would be adversely affected and considerable effort would be required to restore confidence.

To be globally attractive and completive, the stock market must be seen to imbibe practices which are globally acceptable. For this reason government tries to put in place adequate regulatory mechanism to prevent or at least minimize market abuse in order to uphold the integrity and confidence that is very essential for the development of a viable and sustainable capital market.

The Nigerian stock exchange is the centre point of the Nigerian capital market. However, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the central bank of Nigeria (CBN) are the apex regulatory bodies to the capital market. The tendency of our financial structure has been to channel loans to industries of the past rather than the future (i.e. the rich third world countries). This has become invariably clear that even those external financiers are eroding, thus the need for our own structure in Nigeria to meet up with the excess demand for capital to finance gigantic projects and businesses.

The international organization such as the world bank group are very conscious of the high risk involved in venture of loan given to third world countries which will eventually evade payment of such loans.

There is every need to meet such demand and requirements for smooth and long lasting system for sourcing of such requisite finance.

The study therefore examines in order to evaluate what regulatory bodies have done to ensure the development and sustenance of a viable capital market that will meet global challenges.

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

For an emerging market like Nigeria, the stringent control measures put in place to regulate the activities of the Nigerian stock exchange for the smooth running is a very huge problem that is hindering the development of the market. The researcher hopes to seek for solution(s).

AN EVALUATION OF IMPACT OF COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING SYSTEM IN UNITED BANK FOR AFRICA (UBA) NIGERIA PLC KADUNA

AN EVALUATION OF IMPACT OF COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING SYSTEM IN UNITED BANK FOR AFRICA (UBA) NIGERIA PLC KADUNA

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

 

ABSTRACT

This research was carried out on the topic, problem and prospect of the computerized Accounting system in Nigeria Banks. Using the United Bank for Africa (UBA) Nigeria Plc, Ahmadu Bello way branch as a case study. The researcher intention was to find out how the use of the computerized accounting system is of benefit to Nigerian Banks to know whether the computerized accounting system can increase the speed at which withdrawals and deposits are made, to know the extent to which banks’ staff have acquired  the knowledge for the proper application of the system and to find out the problems associated with the use of the system. To achieve these, the researcher made use of both primary and secondary sources of data. The primary source of data used for this work were the questionnaire and interview though the questionnaire was mainly used. It was administered on the total number of staff in the processing department of the bank i.e. the sample size for this work. The sample size was ninety five (95). That is to say there were ninety five (95) employees in the processing department of UBA Nigeria Plc, Ahmadu Bello way Branch. The questions asked in the questionnaire were based on the research questions answers to which were not 40 positive. That is to say, though a large variable of the respondents responded positively, some had opposite views. All said and dome, the researcher came up with findings, that the use of the computerized accounting system had improved the effectiveness of the banks operating. It has also increased the speed at which customers of the bank can make deposit or withdrawal. The findings of this research project also had it that employees of the bank still need to be trained in computer technology so as to increase their knowledge of computer operation. Some problems found out be associated with the use of the system where the issues of fraudulent transactions which can be done easily without being detected through the computer, unauthorized transaction and change in programme instructions so as to affect some accounting information. After concluding that the use of the computerized accounting system had done good to the banking sector of Nigeria considering the positive changes witnessed by banks in Nigeria since its introduction, we recommended that Nigerian banks diverse. Their resources into implementing modern computer based system. They should try to meet up with their foreign counterparts who are applying more advanced computer technology in their operations. Banks in Nigeria should develop means or ways of detecting fraudulent transactions. That might be committed by same employees and also provide opportunities from time-to-time for their staff to go for computer training and skills improvement.

 

CHAPTER ONE

  1. Introduction                                                                  1

1.1    Background of the study                                              4

1.2    Statement of the study                                                 6

1.3    Objective of the study                                                   7

1.4    Research questions                                                      8

1.5    Significance of the study                                               9

1.6    Scope of the study                                                        10

1.7    Historical Background of the case study                      10

 

CHAPTER TWO

  1. Literature review                                                           13

2.1    History of computers                                                    13

2.1.1 Generations of computer                                              15

2.1.2 First Generation of computer                                       15

2.1.3. Second Generation of Computer                                 17

2.1.4 Third Generation of computer                                      18

2.1.5 Fourth Generation of Computer                          18

2.1.6 Fifth Generation of Computer                                      19

2.2    Types computers                                                          20

2.2.1 Types of computer based on function                          20

2..2.2 Types of computer Based on structure                       22

2.2.3 Types of computer based on usage                               23

2.3    The computer hardware system                           24

2.3.1 The Generation processing Unit (C.P.U)                       25

2.3.2 The peripherals                                                             26

2.4    The computer software system                                     28

2.5    Method of procession data as it

computerized accounting system.                                35

2.5.1 Input                                                                             36

2.5.2 Processor                                                                      36

2.5.3 Storage                                                                          36

2.5.4 Output                                                                          36

2.6    Method input                                                                37

2.7    Techniques of processing                                              41

2.7.1 Batch processing                                                          41

2.7.2 On line processing                                                        41

2.7.3 Real time processing techniques                                  42

2.7.4 Looping or cycling processing techniques                    42

2.7.5 Interactive processing techniques                                43

2.7.6 Data base control system                                             43

2.8    Data processing department and control                     44

2.8.1 Internal Data processing control                                  44

2.8.2 External Data processing control                                 45

2.9    Computer based Accounting system                            45

2.9.1 The need for computerized accounting system            46

2.9.2 Advantages of computer based

         Accounting system                                                       47

  1. Disadvantages of computer based accounting system 49

 

CHAPTER THREE

  1. Introduction                                                                  51
  2. Research design                                                            51
  3. Area of study                                                                 51
  4. Population of the study                                                52
  5. Sample                                                                          52
  6. Instruments for data collection                                    53
  7. Validation of the instruments                                       53
  8. Reliability of the instruments                                       54
  9. Methods of data collection                                            54
  10. Method of data analysis                                                54

 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0    Data presentation and analysis                           57

4.1    Data presentation                                                         57

4.2    Data Analysis                                                                62

4.3    Testing of hypothesis                                                    72

4.4    Summary of findings                                                    75

 

CHAPTER FIVE

  1. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation              77

5.1    Summary                                                                      77

5.2    Conclusion                                                                    79

5.3    Recommendations                                                        79

Appendix I                                                                     81

Appendix II                                                                   82

References                                                                    87

CHAPTER ONE

1.0.  INTRODUCTION

During the primitive age very little or no notes were taken into proper record especially those activities and transactions involving money. The records and notes were usually taken either in memory (human being) or some marks on the ground or trees.

         As man developed from this primitive era to more complex economic society, there occurs notable growth and expansion in his way of life and activities he undertakes. During this time, the most disturbing problems that man faced was that there were no accounts and records. Being properly kept and stored. These therefore allow for inefficiency and breach of contract and trust.

         The more developed man became the more the need for systematic record keeping and storage. The complexity of the society lead to chronological order of manual development in record keeping. Important records can be kept manually for future use but still in tedious way.

At a more technological era, more work was done in the accounting system. Accuracy, efficiency and durability became pressing problems that faced the manually kept and processed records in the accounting system, hence the development and introduction of electronic mechanical machine into the accounting system became very vital.

A systematic technological advancement however gradually gave birth to what is known today as the computer. A computer is an electronic device capable of accepting data as input, applying prescribed processes on such data and giving out an output which is called information, computer can also be said to be a machine that manipulates in accordance with given rules in a pre-determined manner. It is an electronic device that is used to process complex and variety of data within the shortest possible time: This is because it has very high speed of operation.

Data can get into the computer for processing via the input devices such as keyboards, diskette, CD Rom, punch cards, flash drive etc. the actual processing of data within the shortest possible time: this is because it has very high speed of operation.

Data can get into the computer for processing via the input devices such as keyboard, diskette, CD Rom, punch cards, flash drive etc. the actual processing of data takes place in the arithmetic and logical unit (ALU). The control unit (CU) is where all the activities of a computer system are being monitored or coordinated and planned. There also is the memory that is the unit in charge of storing or keeping all data or information in a computer system for a long and short period of time. This storage is made possible under the supervision of the ROM and RAM.

There are various types of computers. They are classified as either analogue, digital or hybrid computers. A computer can also be a single purpose computer or a general purpose one. The computer is being used as an accounting device to perform various types of routine office jobs which formerly required the services of the clerical officer. Where the computer is installed and used effectively. It could perform payroll calculations, update accounts receivable and payable, control inventories, process insurance data, prepare dividend, keeping depositors accounts, distribute costs and expenses.

Accounting system in common use ranges from simple system in which accounting records are maintained by hand to sophisticated system on magnetic disk. The accounting to be used in any given company should be well tailored to the size and to the information need of the business in a computer based accounting system, he accountant need only to enter the data needed for the computer to prepare journal entries. All the writings and postings to general ledger and subsidiary accounts are then handled by the computer.

  1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Computer being a new remarkable thing in the banking system in the country has increased the rate of which financial records such as ledger, customers accounts, balance sheets etc. are prepared. Since there immemorial banks usually process information such as calculations of money, updating of customers account etc manually, or with the aid of pocket calculators. In recent times, the number of customer operation account with the banks have increased. As a result of this, banks

COMPUTER AN IMPORTANT SYSTEM IN THE PROCESSING OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION

COMPUTER AN IMPORTANT SYSTEM IN THE PROCESSING OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

ABSTRACT

          This project is on computer an important system in the processing of accounting information the question is, to what extent is computer recreant in the processing of accounting information.

Technology affords better ways of doing things. No one doing serous business today will claim to be totally oblivious of the importance of computers are vary helpful and generally time saving, some business can still so without it.  Therefore while considering if to get computer one should be rational and really should evaluate the benefits derivable from a computer by the business visa-vis the planned investment outlay.

It is against this background that the major concern of this research was made to identify desirable from computerization of accounting information system.

Chapter one, is the introductory chapter.  It gives an over view of the research.  It examines the research problem the statement of problem the purpose of the study significance, scope and limitations of study, research hypothesis and definition of some terms.

Chapter two provides a working definition on related literature. The following were considered.  The computer, organization of accounting information system, impact/ relevance of computer in processing of accounting information planning for a computerized accounting system, benefit / cost of computerization in an organization and doing business without computer.

Chapter three examines the research methodology used in the study, it describes research design, analysis procedure, source of data, collection of data, population and description of questionnaires.

Chapter four presents the result of the data analysis and the testing of hypothesis.  Chapter five discusses the research findings based on data analysis.  The conclusion of the research findings and recommendations are made in this chapter.

It is hoped that this study will stimulate more research on related topics.  Finally, it is hoped that the findings from this study will add to the existing knowledge in administration.

CHAPTER ONE

  • Introduction 1

1.1     Background of study                                                         1

  • Statement of the problem 6
  • Research hypothesis / question 8
  • Significance of the study 10
  • Scope and limitation 11
  • Definition of terms 12

Reference                                                                           15

 

CHAPTER TWO

  • Review of related literature 16

2.1     The computer                                                                    16

  • Organization of accounting inf. System 19
  • Impact/ relevance of computer in

processing of accounting information.                               21

  • Planning for computerized accounting system 26
  • Cost and benefit of computer to an organization 62
  • Business without computer 66

Reference                                                                           72

CHAPTER THREE

  • Research design and methodology 73

3.1     Research design                                                                 73

  • Population 73
  • Sources of data 74
  • Data collection 76
  • Data analysis procedure 76
  • Description of questionnaire 77

CHAPTER FOUR

  • Data presentation & analysis 79

4.1     Data analysis                                                                      79

  • Testing of Hypothesis 92

 

CHAPTER FIVE

  • Findings, conclusion & recommendation 115

5.1     Summary of findings                                                         115

  • Conclusion 117
  • Recommendation 118

Bibliography                                                                      119

Appendix i                                                                         121

Appendix ii                                                                        128

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND OF STUDY

The basis for financial planning and analysis is the financial information financial information is needed to predict, compare and evaluate the firms earnings ability it is  also required to aid in economic decision making investment & financial decision making.   The financial information of an enterprise is contained in the financial  statement or accounting report.

Accounting is the guide post for management every enterprise should know the activities carried on by it and the financial implication of its operations.  The financial score of an enterprise is kept by the accounting system accounting information unit in business context is a unit in an organization that processes transaction to provide score keeping.  It points out the problem faced or likely to be faced by the enterprise.  It also brings to the notice of the firm the opportunities that are likely to arise.  It indicates possible action, when needed.  Accounting is the process of identifying, measuring and communicating economic information to permit judgment and decision by users of the information.

Accounting information could be classified under two heading or three headings.  Under two headings.  It is classified as.

  1. Financial accounting which provides information about profit and loss and financial position of the organization at a given period and management accounting which provides management information needed for planning and control in an organization.

Under three heading.   It is classified as:

  1. Routine – Internal report: That is day to day reports to management for planning and control of the organization function for instance performance report financial reports and accounts.
  2. Non-routine report: This aids management for examples budget forecast, estimates and projections and articulation of computer organizational goals.  No lay down format
  • External report : this is for external interest groups like government and creditors.

In the present country, the accounting information system has improved tremendously owing to advancement in technology.  The development of computer has been acclaimed as the most important technological development of the twentieth centaury

Davis (1981-88) defined computer as a machine that is capable of manipulating or processing data under its own control without the need for being.  “I computer has an electronic device that has the ability to accept data, internally score and automatically execute a program of instruction performed mathematical logical and report the result.

Computer is the latest craze in Nigeria today and it will continue to be relevant as the country develops. It has gained acceptance in all sectors of the economy.

The computer system as an important in the processing of accounting information cannot be over emphasized . the complicated nature of decision which must be taken in business organizations and government institution most especially in the area of financial and accounting operation often makes the use of computers mandatory if efficiency and effectiveness is to be maintained. As pointed out by Chukwu D.C.

The intelligent use of computer by the industrialized  nations are led to efficient and effective private and public sectors which produce high quality goods at low cost and are seller able to whether the violent storm of keen foreign competition.

Developing economics like Nigeria enjoy low cost goods and services provided by develop economics and at the same time tries to protect their local industries from stiff foreign competition goods and services provided by these developing communities are inferior and dearer compared to that of developed countries.

Speed and accuracy of services are the watch word in most computerized industries mainly in fully industrialized. This makes it possible for them to realized their ultimate objectives (i.e. wealth maximization)

Through the use of computers economic pictures of the organization could be enhanced by cost displacement. Operational and revenue improved by the introduction of computers in all sectors of the economy. The tread towards representing information in manual dates to Hollezith (1890). In recent time there has been a move towards doing away with manual record keeping and transmitting the information electronically leading to what is called “ Paperless optice” However, it normally turns out that what goes automated is not the function as it has been performed to do what would normally be uneconomical and in some cases impracticable. Instead one looks for a character of function, typically consisting of transition of current work of a number of people which can be redesigned so that he computer can do something equivalent although usually not identical. Once such a duster of work has been identified and the computer application designed one must also redesign the jobs of the people with whom the computer application will have to face.

The work of some workers will be substantially affected by the introduction of computers it does not mean, for instance that an accountant cases to be an accounted rather, the computer greatly aids his diverse operation as an accountant.

In fact, computer is gradually taking over all sphere of human endeavors especially the processing of accounting and cam perform any function provided information fed into it is accurate, complete and factual

 

 

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.

In our world today computers are used in large and small business education, science and engineering, health care, sports, in the home entertainment and leisure, artificial intelligence expert system, government and military. Due to the vest use of computer in almost every sector of the economy, the need for controllers or information generated by the computer becomes unavoidable.

One can rightly say that quick customer

THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING IN THE CONTROL OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE

THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING IN THE CONTROL OF GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURE

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

PREFACE

          This term paper is a dear exposition of role of accounting in the control of forernment expenduture.

The writer has brought her considerables research report as a student who has really gone through research studies by analyszing the role of accounting in the control of government expendeture.  This term paper will enable accountin student to develop their ability to focus on what is relevant and ways means and methods of accounting in the control of thermment expenduture which will improve the auality of accountability in government expenditure.

It is arranged in such a way that one chapter flows and naturally leads to another. It is arranged in three chapters the study starts in chapter two analyses of the areas of expenditure, explain account and analysis of the differences of public expenditure planning and chapter three summaries of the topics.

Generally, this term paper is ideal for studies studing accounting academicans will also find this a worth reference material.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
  • STATEMENT OF THE STUDY
  • PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
  • SCOPE AND LIMITATION
  • DEFINITION OF TERMS

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

  • MEANING OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTING
  • SOURCES OF MONEY INTO PUBLIC ACCOUNT
  • AREA OF EXPENDITURE FROM PUBLIC ACCOUNT
  • WHO IS AN ACCOUNT
  • TYPES OF ACCOUNTING OFFICERS IN THE ACCOUNT
  • THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING OFFICERS IN THE CONTROL OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE
  • DEFFICIENCES OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PLANNING

 

CHAPTER THREE

  • SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
  • CONCLUSION
  • RECOMMENDATION

BIBLIOGRAPHY


CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Accounting is said to be a language of business.  Accounting is the act of recording, classifying and summarizing; analyzing, interpreting and reporting financial transaction.  Every body in the society works with accounting concepts and information in their duty activities, whether preparing a household budget, balancing check book, prepaid income tax return, running an association or an organization.  Therefore the owners and managements of any firms need accounting knowledge in order to understand what accounting is al about.

The major purpose of accounting is to provide financial information or records about an economic entity.  In order to do this there is need of keeping track of the daily business activities.  The methods used by a business to keep records of its periodic accounting reports comprises the accounting system is to create a systematic record of the everyday business transaction or activity in terms of many ways, such as follows;

  1. By writing with pen and pencil
  2. By printing with mechanical or electronic e.g digital computer
  • By punching roles or making magnetic impressions cards or tape.

Accounting information can be created thus;

Recording

Classifying

Summarizing

Accounting reports are usually rewered by users of accounting information.  since the information needs of various users differ.  It follows that the accounting system of a business eutity must be able to provide various types of accounting reports.  The information in these reports must be presented in accordance with certain ground rules and assumption, so that users of the reports will be able to interpret the information propery.

 

  • STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

It has been said that accountants plays an important role in the control of government expenditure and this role they play have some effect.  The problems inudering accountants from implemented effective control are stated below;

  1. Lack of understanding of the purpose of government accounting among the society in general and the following specific groups in particular, the policious, the administrations and a subsantial proportion of the accounting personnel in government.
  2. Lack of co-ordination between budgetring and accounting which are complimentary functions, non use of government accounts for budgeting function by the budget department.
  3. shortage of qualified accounting staff due to lack of training facilities within and outside government.
  4. difficulty of pusing through proposals of improvement in financial administration at both national, state and departmental levels.
  5. failure to apply computerization effectively to the accounting systems.

accounting personnel poses inadequate accounting education, therefore poor undrstanding of the role of accounting

​an evaluation of effective financial management in A computerized accounting system

an evaluation of effective financial management in A computerized accounting system

(a case study of first bank of nigeria plc, kaduna)

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

 

Abstract

 the primary aim of this study is to check the effectiveness and efficiency of financial control in computerized environment i.e. First Bank of Nigeria Plc to ascertain whether computer has since adoption enhance profitability and effectiveness in managing the banking and other financial sectors or industries. This evaluation is targeted at exploring how the use of computer in the solving of accounting issues has yielded positive result in both the banking and other finance circle, thus using First Bank of Nigeria plc as a case study.

CHAPTER ONE: (1)

INTRODUCTION

  1. Background of the study                                                              1
    1. Statement of the problem                                                             2
    2. Objectives of the study                                                                4
    3. Significance of the study                                                             4
    4. Statement of hypothesis                                                               5
    5. Scope and limitation of the study                                6
    6. Historical background of First Bank of

Nigeria Plc.                                                                                                    7

  1. Definitions of terms                                                                                     10

 

CHAPTER TWO: (2)

               LITERATURE REVIEW

  1. Introduction                                                                                                  14
  2. What is computer                                                                                                        15

2.2.1      How does the computer works                                                                   16

2.2.2      Basic element of the computer                                                                  18

2.3          Accounting system                                                                                      20

2.4          Computerized Accounting System                                                                           21

2.4.1      Advantages of Computerized

Accounting System                                                                                      23

2.4.2      Disadvantages of Computerized

Accounting Systems                                                                                    24

  1. Limitation of computerized

Accounting System                                                                                      26

CHAPTER THREE

               RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

  1. Introduction                                                                                                  28
  2. Population and sample size                                                                        29
  3. Sampling techniques                                                                                   30
  4. Sources and method of data collection                                                    32
  5. Method of data collection                                                                          33
  6. Method of data analysis                                                               36
  7. Justification for the choice                                                          37

 

CHAPETER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

  1. Introduction                                                                                                                 38
  2.  Computerized accounting system and its application in First Bank of Nigeria Plc.                                                                                  38
  3.  Functional financial effectiveness in a computerized accounting system                                                                                                 42
  4. Limitation of financial effectiveness in a computerized accounting system in First Bank of Nigeria Plc.                         46
  5. Data presentation and analysis                                                                  47
  6. Interpretation of data                                                                                   52
  7. Hypothesis testing                                                                                                      54

CHAPTER FIVE

               SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  1. Summary                                                                                                                                     57
    1. Conclusion                                                                                                                   58
    2. Limitation of the study                                                                                60
    3. Recommendations                                                                                                      62

Bibliography                                                                                                                                      64

Appendix                                                                                                                                 66

CHAPTER ONE

                                                            INTRODUCTION

  1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the ancient days, human activities were relatively easy. The difficulties posed by nature then, were considerably simple and demanded solution of relative simplicity.

The compounded problems of man and his way to solve them necessitated the inventors of machine i.e. computer. Since the invention of the first machine, the world has experienced a tremendous degree of advancement in technology and one for the machine invented for solving complicated problems in the computer.

With increasing frequency, it is recognized that an understanding of the computer how it influence accounting operations and it is benefits to every accounting student and intend to work this world of advancing technology cannot be over emphasized.

Due to the recent intends in accounting operations and the complexity of these operations with the number of task to be performed constantly on the increase, to day’s accountants are left with no option other than to always device ways by which these increasing tasks could be processed, more speedily and accurately so that there will be no loss of information.

With the advent of computer many organizations have computerized their accounting system. An example for such organization with computerized accounting system is First Bank of Nigeria Plc.

  1. STATEMENTOF THE PROBLEM

The computer is known for its speed and accuracy in processing information, such speed and accuracy have been achieved manually or by any other device.

It is expected that a computerized baking system will facilitate the speed and accuracy of processing transaction of financial nature and also reduces customer wasting time.

This has been achieved by virtue of technology, other countries where customers service and general financial management have been computerized whether it can be established is yet to be confirmed.

The fact of the matter which the researcher intends to study is:

  1. Of what relevance is computerization accounting system.
  2.  Has there been a tremendous change in financial management and the entire system, since the establishment of computerization accounting system.
  3. Though benefits are abound, could there be limitation of computerization an organization accounting system? What could be done to change the present situation.

Whether the computerization has improved the level of fraud and other misappropriation