THE ROLE OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIAN ECONOMY

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

ABSTRACT

 

Insurance by nature, is not a modern day concept.  It has a development history of so many – centuries.  The art of insurance has grown as a result of individual, corporate bodies and government need for the fortunes of lives and business.  Therefore, the types and classes of account were those which were expected to show to the venturers, i.e. the owner of business, government and individuals.

It is based on this that the researcher, therefore, focused this study on the role of insurance companies in the development of Nigeria economy.  Hence, the general objective of the study is aimed at ascertaining the roles which insurance companies plays in the development of Nigerian economy.

Thus, in chapter one, retrospective review of historical development of insurance was carried out, this is following by the background of the study, objectives of the study, research-question and scope of study.

Chapter two takes care of the literature review and was carried out in seven-subheadings, evolution of modern insurance in Nigeria, the fists that may be insured, classes of insurance, the Nigerian Insurance market.

Finally, chapter three really deals with the summary of findings, which is based on the observations of chapter two.  Then conclusion was made on the entire research carried out.

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE:

• Introduction

1.1     Background of the study

• Objectives of the study
• Definition of terms

 

CHAPTER TWO:

• Literature Review

2.1     Origin of Insurance

• Evolution of Modern Insurance in Nigeria
• The risks that may be insured
• Classes of Insurance
• The Nigerian Insurance Market

 

CHAPTER THREE:

• Summary of Findings

3.1     Discussion of findings

• Conclusion
• Recommendation

Bibliography

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION

Insurance is the modern means of protecting himself against losses.  It is the device, by which man is able to protect himself against risk. In other words, insurance is the system where an insurance company upon the receipt of a certain amount of money from a person, agrees to pay compensation or render certain services, to the person, if, and whenever that person suffers the kind of loss that was specified in the insurance agreement.  What this means is that insurance is the means by which people can save money to take care of unforeseen dangers and accidents.  When a person agrees to take insurance, policy to protect himself against certain accidents, he will pay a sum of money (which is called premium) to the insurance company.  Once the insurance company (who is called the insurer) accepts that premium from the person who intends to take insurance cover (such a person is called the insured) the insurer has thus agreed to pay an amount of money (called claims or compensation) to the insured whenever the insured loss occurs.  This agreement is usually contained in a document called a policy.

Premiums, that is the cost of purchasing an insurance, are not fixed arbitrarily.  They are usually calculated by insurance experts, mathematicians called actuaries.  High risks usually attract high premiums.  For instance, if a 20-year old man is taking a life insurance policy, his premium will be much less than that of an 80-year old man who insists on taking a life insurance policy.

Since insurance contract as may other commercial, activity.  It is these principles that make for its validity, insurance contract is subject to the general principles of Nigerian Law not only does it affect insurance, but it operates in every other commercial aspect of life.  They are as follows:  offer and acceptance, consideration, capacity to contract, legality, consensus ad idem (parties should be of one mind) and intention to create legal obligation/ relations.

 

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

Insurance did not emerge completely and perfectly, which in every detail, but, it developed slowly over the centuries in order to satisfy the needs of those concerned with the protection of individuals, business, other organisation and governments.

Insurance which is believed to have originated from the ancient practices of the inhabitants of the valleys of Rivers Tigris and Euphrates in present day Iraq in about 400 BC rose to the earliest trace of interest in modern insurance in England, dates to 1666AD.  Up to the Lloyd’s of London which occupies the central position in today’s global insurance market, started as a small coffee house which was patronized by merchants, bankers and insurance underwriters.  Originally, Llyods was the world’s dominant insurer of marine risks.

Although modern insurance started in Nigeria in the early part of the 20^th century, historians and sociologists argue that what is today known as insurance was totally alien to indigenous Nigerian culture.

Presently, insurance has grown to meet the increasing demands being made on the practicing insurers.  Following the historical development of insurance, it should be observed that covers those risk affecting, individuals, business organization and government as an insight into the protection of risk and form of savings to the insured.

However, insurance has extended far beyond the actual protection of risk, but is concerned with the development of Nigeria economy at this particular time.

 

• OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

The broad objective of this study is to know the roles of insurance companies in the development of Nigerian economy.  Bit it individuals or corporate bodies, or governm

 

AUDITING AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR ENSURING ACCOUNTABILITY

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

 

CHAPTER ONE:

• Introduction

1.1     Background of the study

• Statement of the problems
• Purpose of the study
• Limitation and scope of the study
• Significance of the study
• Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO:

• Literature Review

2.1     An Overview of the study

• The Internal Audit Department
• Authority Relationship
• Fraud – Definition, Classification and Types
• Types of Audit Activity

CHAPTER THREE:

• Research Findings

3.1     Conclusion

• Recommendation

Bibliography

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

This piece auditing as an instrument for ensuring accountability is embarked upon to explore the roles of auditing in Premier Breweries Limited, Onitsha and other similar organizations is general.

In recent years, the size and commercial activity in any companies in Nigeria have increased tremendously.  It is with a view of this corresponding effect on the operations there in that have resulted to the inadequate examination and verification of books of account and the asset of the company.

These inadequacies which usually lead to misappropriation and embezzlement of funds researcher to investigating the problems.  Many of them are closed down today due to ineffective control measures that could lead curb such anomalies.

Nevertheless all these observation and irregularities and how the remedies would be properly applied, made this piece worthy of pursuit. It is necessary to pay into these investigations and explore ways of putting a stop to it. Auditing applies as a solution to avoiding these peculiar problems in companies like premier breweries limited Onitsha and likes would play a major role. Therefore, auditing is needed in this piece with particular reference to premier breweries Ltd. Onitsha to look into their books of account and the assets of the company.  This piece will assist to determine the extent and how auditing ensures proper accountability and possibly remove the problems of the firms or companies.

Therefore to understand this thing very well it is necessary to take a look at the qualities of a good company auditor to stream line the minds of the readers.

The qualities are thus:

He/she must be skilled and experienced in the science of accountancy with the ability to apply its principles to business concerns he/she is auditing.

Must have a thorough grasp of the general principles of law which govern the matters likely to be brought into intimate contact.

Must understand the

THE IMPACT OF A GOOD INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM ON FINANCIAL MANGEMENT OF ORGANIZATION

(A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA BOTTLING COMPANY)

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

CHAPTR ONE:

 INTRODUCTION

• General introduction
• Statement of problem
• Purpose of study
• Significance of the study
• Scope and limitation of the study
• Formulation of hypothesis
• Definition of terms

 

CHAPTER TWO:

LITERATURE REIVEW

• INTRODUCTION
• What is internal control
• Types of internal control
• Overview of internal control system
• Element of a good internal control system
• Stages of internal audit planning
• Problems of internal control system
• Internal check
• Ways by which organization mangoes its scare fund

 

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLGY

• Area of coverage
• Data source
• Questionnaire design
• Sample size
• Questionnaire allocation
• Data analysis techniques used

 

CXHAPTER FOUR

DATRA PRESDENTATION:

FINDS AND `ANALYSIS

• Data presentation
• Analysis of responses to questionnaire
• Test of hypothesis

 

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION 

• General summary
• Recommendations
• Conclusion

Bibliography

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

 

• GENERAL INTRODUCTION

Every organization, profit or non- profit making has objectives  and goals in mind to achieve, for profit whole for the non- profit making organization  their goal is to satisfy the social need of the citizens, and in the achievement of these purposes, supervisor more often than not of its activities, play a document  role. But the largess of the size and scope of these organization have some times made it impossible for the executors to exercise personal and first hand supervisor of operations. It is in this light that internal controls, financial or otherwise  established by management is initiated. According to chambers Andrews (1974) “A complex organization needs an auditor as an extension of the eyes and ears of management who however effective,  the organization might be unable to inspect the work of their subordinates whose stewardship is delegated to them.

The system of internal control keeps management informed as to whether government regulation are being followed  and whether the  financial position of the organization is sound. This ensures management of the effectiveness of the activities in the organization especially the accuracy and authority of financing data

Internal control can be broadly divided  into two  main categories

1. Administrative control
2. Accounting or financial

It is the accounting or financial control function that internal audit; internal control system  thus  consist internal audit; internal checks and other accounting polices and systems built into the internal control net-work to promote and encourage the attainment of the objectives of the firm.

Internal audit is an internal function which means that it is conducted by the employers of an organization  specially designed for this purpose and therefor means. It is an organizations  management responsibility to establish the department not to do so.

The objectives of internal  auditing is to assist all member of management  in the effective discharge of their responsibilities, by furnishing them with  analysis, appraisal, recommendation and pertinent commentary in the activities  reviewed.

To attain its overall objective, internal audit involves such activities as:

• Reviewing and app raising  the soundness, adequacy and application of accounting, Financial and other operating controls and recommending effective control at a reasonable cost.
• Assertain the extent of compliance with established polices, plans and procedures.
• Ascertain the reliability and relevance of management data development within the organization .
• Appraising the quality performance in carrying out assigned
• Ascertaining the effectiveness of established policies and plans and recommending operating improvements.

Where an internal audit department operates, the statutory auditor pays particular attention to its activities as these will have a direct bearing on the scope and depth regained by the external auditor.

This system of internal check is to  prevent or detect errors and fraud and  that the system is operating satisfactorily: It also ensure an adequate accounting system to provide the  information necessary for preparing true and fair financial statement .

Since it is the sole duty of the management of an organization to detect  fraud, errors and other Irregularities and correct them before they come to the notice of the  external auditors, the internal audit procedures adopted by an organization is of consequence. As a result of this, the procedure to be adopted by an internal audit department must have these in mind and also be set up by experts in theory and in practice..

 

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

It has been stated earlier that the duty of detecting frauds and Irregularities lies with the management. This could only be done through an effective and efficient internal control system in an organization.

But even with the presence of the internal auditor some problem are still inherent in organization that interfere with goal attainment.

These include:

• Stock disappear in large numbers on their daily basis.
• Assets are either misappropriated or not accounted for.
• Ghost names appear in large numbers on payrolls and are undetected for at

Physical cash a

THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY BANK IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

1.3     OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1.3     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1.4     LIMITAITON OF THE STUDY

1.7     DEFINITION OF TERMS

 

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1     INTRODUCTION

2.2     RURAL BANKING SCHEME IN NIGERIA

2.3     NATURE AND CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY BANKS

2.4     FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNITY BANKS IN RURAL AREA

2.5     WHY MOST COMMUNITY BANKS ARE FOLDING

2.6     PROCEDURE FOR THE ESTABLISHEMNT OF COMMUNITY BANKS.

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

3.2     RECOMMENDATION

3.1     CONCLUSION

REFERENCE

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION

This chapter is mainly concerned with the efforts at

expanding the economic base of the rural area which are always backwards because of scarcity of and restrictive access to loanable funds.  In solving the problem, previous government in their economic policies have lied on development banking and rural branch banking of orthodox banks.  The word Community Banking is defined as a self sustaining financial institution owned by a community or a group of communities.  Unlike commercial banks, community banks were established mainly to promote productive activities in the rural area.  Specially, they are meant to facilities the programmes of directorate of food, roads and rural infrastructural producers.

Community bank has no other branch because it is established to operate within a community alone.  It is well known that 75 percent of the country’s resource and ownment are in the rural areas.  So our development project and programme can not achieve any appreciable improvement until this is focus on those rural areas.

 

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The federal government of Nigeria 1990 budget speech decided to establish community bank in order to strengthen its programmes of grassroots economic development.  The fundamental concept of a community banks is of a self-sustaining financial institution, owned and managed by a community for the purpose of providing credit deposit, banking and the service to its members.  It is designed to ensure that a community may establish a community bank for the purpose fo promoting rural development throughout the provision of finance and banking service improving the economic status of small scale producers both in the rural and urban areas, enhancing the rapid development of production activities especially in the rural economic growth in Nigeria.  A bank licensed under the community bank decree shall accept from persons various types of deposit including savings and time savings.

Receive or collect money on behalf of its customers, operate equipment leasing facilities which is designed to ensure access of its customer to farm input.  Community bank in Nigeria banking system dates back to 1990 when the budget speech was delivered by the president commander in Chief of the Armed Forces, General Ibrahim Babangida.

 

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The statement of the problem include the following: –

1. How can loanable funds made accessible to rural borrowers to enhance their economic activities?

 

How can the loan be secured other th

ACCOUNTING FOR FIXED ASSERTS

(A CASE STUDY OF COCA-COCA BOTTLING COMPANY PLC 9^TH MILE CORNER)

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduciton

1.1     background

• Statement of problems
• The objective of the study
• Significance of the study
• Scope and limitations of the study
• Time
• Definition of terms
• Hypothesis

 

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Literature review

• Components of acquisition of cost
• Recognition of interest on deferred payment contracts
• Components of cost of self constructed property
• Consideration other than cash
• Amount substituted for historical cost
• Requirement and disposal
• Depreciation of fixed assets
• Causes of depreciation
• Provision for depreciation as allocation of cost.
• Main method of calculating provision for depreciation
• Accounting treatment of depreciation

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Research method and methodology

• Research methods used
• Descriptions of respondents
• Determination of sample size

 

CHAPTER FOUR

• PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

 

CHAPTER FIVE

• Summary of findings conclusions and recommendation

5.1     Summary of finding

• Conclusion
• Recommendation

Bibliography

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Fixed Assets are those assets of a business which are of material value, like property, plant and equipment and other assets with relatively permanent life acquired by the enterprise for use in production or supply of goods or instructed with intention of being used on a continuing  basis or for administrative purpose and many include items held for the resale or for conversion into cash in the ordinary source of business.

However, there are other long lived assets which we cannot see such ones are classified as in tangible assets.

They are: Goodwill, trademark.  Be it tangible or intangible all fixed assets represent a bundle of future services which are paid for in advance and used subsequently in the process of generating revenue.

Basically, in a bottling company, there are only three important stages to note down in records of the company as it relates to the fixed assets in liquidation.  They are:

• The stage of acquisition of the fixed assets
• The stage of provision for depreciation of fixed assets
• The third stage is the time of the period when the assets must have been useless for the company, then the management can then decide to sell if off and make replacement.

 

For better understanding of the accounting treatment of fixed assets, its acquisition, depreciation and disposal the researcher has chosen the traditional “T” account to illustrate this point.

Whenever an assets is acquired by a firm, the cost of the assets is always debited to that asset account in the firm’s books and the corresponding entry, will be to credit the cash or bank account.

At the same time, when the asset must have been deemed useless, then it can be sold out as scrap.  The cost of the disposal will be credited to the asset account while the cash or bank account of the firm will be debited.  The assets depreciation account is equally created. On this, the cost of disposal is debited and the total depreciation by the assets as at the date of disposal credited.

The third account is the disposal account.  On this the cost of the assets is debited while the total amount realized from the depreciation will be credited. Also to be credited is the profit and loss on the disposal.

At this point, a typical example of purchase depreciation and final disposal of an asset (machine) use din production will  be illustrated using  a ‘T’ account.

 

MACHINE ACCOUNT

Jan.  2000  cost    xxx      Balance  c/d                     xx

xx

 

MACHINERY DEPRECIATION

To machinery

Disposal A/C         xx

xx                Balance b/d                   xx

xx

 

 

MACHINERY DISPOSAL A/C

Machine cost          xx  bank (Disposal)                          xx

Machine Dep (D/C)                  xx

Gain on disposal   xx  loss on disposal                           xx

xx                                                    xx

 

this ‘T’ account to a part from producing the correct figure is also extremely easy to follow.

PROPERTY, PLNT AND EQUIPMENT

The cost of an item, property, plant and equipment comprises to purchase price, including import duties and non-refundable purchase, taxes and any directly attributable costs of bringing the assets to working condition for its intended use.  Usually trade discounts and rebates deducted in arising at such purchase price when a fixed assets in purchased and non-cash consideration is also given, the cost of the asset is the cash and plus the fair market value of the non-cash consideration.

Lost represents the net sacrifice made or be made whether the sacrifice is parting with cash or parting with any other things of value in acquiring the fixed asset and getting it to a condition it can be used.

The acquisition of a fixed asset in recorded simply by debiting the related fixed assets at cost account and crediting either bank or the suppliers account.

However, certain costs associated with fixed assets should be written off immediately through the profit and loss account and should never be shown as part of the cost of the fixed assets.

In the experience of the researcher, the warning sign as adopted by the Coca-Cola bottling company is the letter’s re’ 4.   In other words, replacement.  Repairs and renewal to fixed assets are expenses.

Thus the cost of the machine is debited to fixed assets but the cost of replacing the engine of an existing vehicle is an expense that is debited to profit and loss account of the Coca-Cola bottling company plc 9^th mile corner Enugu

 

 

 

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

This study is carried out in order to ascertain and appraise the accounting methods, used in accounting for fixed assets with respect to Coca-Cola bottling company plc 9^th mile corner: Bottlers of seven different flavour of soft drinks.

They are coke, fanta orange, sprite, Ginger ale, Quinine tonic, krest soda.

Some of t