THE ADMINISTRATION OF VAT IN NIGERIA

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COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

CHAPTER ONE:

• Introduction

1.1     Background of study

• Statement of problem
• Objective of the study
• Scope of study
• Limitation of study
• Definition of terms

 

CHAPTER TWO:

Literature Review

2.0     History of taxation and evolution of tax

• Administration policy of VAT
• The VAT Technical Committee and its function
• VAT Account and Records
• VAT Audit and Investigation
• VAT operation in banks and financial institution
• Merit, Demerit and problem of VAT.

 

CHAPTER THREE:

3.0     Summary of findings

• Discussion of findings
• Conclusion
• Recommendation

References

 

ABSTRACT

 

The aim of this research study is primarily to provide and update the review of the relevance of administration of Value Added Tax (VAT) in Nigeria.

Concerted efforts have been made to present a comprehensive work on value added tax (VAT) and the effect of its administration in Nigeria economy.

The work is divided into three chapters one starts with a general introduction into the content of the study.  It went further to state the background of study, objective of study, scope of the study and limitation of study and finally the definition of terms.

Chapter two:  a number of related literature review, history of taxation, evolution of tax, VAT administration policy, the VAT Technical Committee and its function, VAT audit and investigation, VAT operation in banks and finance, merits, demerits and problems of VAT administration in Nigeria.

Chapter three sets the presentation of discussion of the findings made in the study, then recommendations and conclusion.

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

Value Added Tax (VAT) was introduced in Nigeria by the report of a study group set up by the federal government in 1991 during the regime of the military president, General Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida.

The study group came up with their report and recommendation to set up Value Added Tax (VAT).

The alteration of the basis of tax and the credit system brought to tax, led to the promulgation of the VAT Decree (VATD) No. 102 in 1993 through the Decree became effective from 1^st December, 1993.

This idea, that is introduced in Nigeria must be managed, implemented and administered by somebody.  From the topic, administration can be seen as the ways and manners by which an institution group, board, parastatals, government establishment are been run.

The day to day activities of an establishment will be channeled, run and administered for VAT to be effective, there must be an effective and efficient administration in the execution of VAT policies because of alternatives and uncertainties before them, the risk of making a wrong decision or choice in the administrative cadre will hinder the progress of VAT in the country.

This is why efforts have been made to select capable hands and brains to man the affairs of VAT as established by Value Added Tax Decree (VATD) of 1993.

The VAT are administered by Federal Board of Inland Revenue (FBIR) sub-section.  It provides that the board (FBIR) may do such things as it may be seen necessary and expedient for the assessment and collection of tax and shall account for all amount to be collected in accordance with the provision of this Decree with reference to Section 3, paragraph 7, sub-section 1 (3,7(1) of the Value Added Tax Decree (VATD) No 102 of 1993.

This research work will look into the effectiveness and efficiency of administration of VAT, merits and the demerits.

 

 

 

 

• THEORETICAL BACKGROUND:

The Value Added Tax (VAT) is a specially tax that charges establishments ten percent (10%) of their turnover in a year.

This institution was established in 1993 as promulgated by VAT Decree (VATD) No 102 during the General Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida regime.

The idea of introducing Value Added Tax (VAT) in Nigeria came as a report of the study group set up by the Federal Government in 1991. In January, 1993 government agreed to introduce VAT by the middle of the year, which was later shifted to September 1993.

The alternative of the basis of tax and the credit system brought to tax led to the promulgation of the VAT Decree (VATD) No. 102 of 1993 through the decree came effect from 1^st December 1993, the full effect implication commenced from January 1^st, 1994.

According to Encyclopaedia Americana of 27 (1981)s VAT was first institution in France in 1954 being the result of overheading of turnover tax introduced on called “taxes surla values ajoula (TVA).

The administration of VAT is established as contained in Section 3, paragraph 7, sub-section 1 of the VAT Decree No. 102 of 1993, the tax shall be administered, and managed by the Federal Board of Inland Revenue (FBIR) may do such things as it may be seen necessary and expedient for the assessment and collection of tax and shall account collected in accordance with the provision of this Decree.

The administration body of VAT comprise the VAT technical committee and they are charged with the following functions as contained also in Section 17 of the VAT Decree of 1993 state that there is hereby established committee to be known as the Value Added Tax (VAT) technical committee which shall comprise of a chairman of the Federal Board of Inland Revenue (FBIR), A director in Nigeria Customs (NCS), the three representative of the state government who shall be member of Joint Tax Board.

 

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:

Value Added Tax (VAT) is a service industries like National Electric Power Authority (NEPA), Nigeria Port Plc, the complaints range failing by some few minister and government to embrace VAT fully, accept VAT invoice from

THE PROSPECT OF COMPUTERIZATION IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY {A CASE STUDY OF UNITED BANK FOR AFRICAN PLC)

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

ABSTRACT

 

The importance of banking industry to every economy cannot be ignored.  Bank is a place where all financial transaction of an economy impinges on.

On the other hand, the impact of computers in alleviating some of the problems encountered by banks cannot be over-emphasized.

Computer is seen as the most needed tools of improving banking transaction has not been well adopted by all banks in the Nigerian economy.  Some banks see it as a means of upgrading their chequering up, transactions and keeping necessary data for customers for loans, advances and other services.  Banks, which have gone into computerization, have observed that the positive prospect surpasses its negative prospects.

This research therefore aims at showing the actual contributions of computer to the banking industry and the negative effects experienced by the banks that are yet to go into computerization.

However, in case of the prospects and problems relating to computers, the researcher used both primary and secondary data and other related literature on the study topic in addition to this research being a case study, the researcher used a sample size drawn from UBA Plc in both their accounts and computer departments.

The recommendations and conclusions were based on advising banks and other financial institutions to introduce the use of computer in their transactions.

A general summary showed whether its contributions has actually led to the development in this industry and also indicated that computers use increased the efficiency and effectiveness of operations.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION                                                                       1

• Background of the study 1
• Statement of problem 4
• The objective of the study 5
• Scope of the study 6
• Research questions 7
• Significance of the study 8
• Definition of terms 8

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Review of literature                                                           13

• Introduction to organizational concepts 13
• The evolution of computer                                         15
• The role of computer system in

modern banking operation                                                 17

2.4     The structure of a computer system                                   19

2.5     Computerization of customers’ banking

in the Nigerian banks                                                         22

2.6     Computer and information system                                     25

2.7     Criteria for using computers                                              26

2.8     The prospect of computerization in banking                      27

2.9     Customer services and computer application in

the banking sector:  the computerized services                   34

2.10   Misconceptions about computer                                        36

2.11   Banking operations                                                            37

2.12   Obstructions to customers’ application in nigeria banks    39

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Research Methodology                                                      42

• Research design 42
• Area of study 43
• Population 43
• Sample and sampling techniques 43
• Research Instrument 45
• Method of data collection 46
• Method of data analysis 46

 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     Data presentation and analysis                                           48

• How computerized do you consider

your bank’s services to be?                                                48

4.2     Are you computer literate?                                                 49

4.3     Hypothesis testing                                                             57

 

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     Discussion, implication and recommendation                    69

• Summary of findings 69
• Recommendations 71

5.3     Computer services distinguished                                        72

5.4     Accountant and computers                                                73

5.5     Conclusions                                                                       74

Reference                                                                           77

Appendix                                                                           79

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

 

1.1     BACKGROUND OF STUDY

The first wave of agricultural revolution and the second wave of industrial revolution developments in world all over, and now being superceded by a third socio-economic wave, even though the industrial revolution is still in progress in most part of the third world countries.

This new secio-economic shift termed “third wave is the arrival of computer revolution”.

This means that humanity faces a quantum leap forward as we engage in building a remarkable new civilization from ground up.

Adegbony (2000:3) on his emphasizes on computer revolution indicated that the first computer was manufactured at the “Hakiard University in USA in the year 1944 by Charles Babage computer is an advanced technological innovation, which ahs involved as product of our modern day society.  He heralded that it would make life easy.

The above statement not withstanding, the public still approach the course with apprehension and in some cases develops absolute fears for the device.  The reason being that the computer came upon the world so quickly that it now affects our various lives in so many ways.  This coupled with the general lack of knowledge of what computer is, has given rise to the wave of anti-computer feelings.

It is note that Nigerian industries and businesses are growing bigger and more complex everyday.  Manual recording and filling system of financial transaction is no longer coping with the rate of sophistication and competition in these modern businesses.

Management needs timely information for planning and it is only through computerized accounting methods and control system that can give out the needed financial data immediately at the close of the banking period.

Banks and other private and commercial institutions are finding it increasingly difficult to carry out its financial data speedily and accurately enough to satisfy their numerous time conscious customers.  The volume of service being offered by banks have increased during the years and at the same time the number of people asking for these services has also increased during the last decade.

It has been said that horse riding was replaced by the motor vehicle just because the horse is inefficient from economic point of view.

Also manual operations involving the processing of information on two thousand salaried people.  The cost involved in this type of operation is numerous like personnel costs, training cost, benefits, leave allowances, retirement costs etc.  Then comes the computer, which will not involve much cost.  The only cost might be training of personnel, while the work will be done in a speedily time than manual operation.

Computer has more than immense capacity of solving most of the tedious boredom problems facing accounting system we have in government ministries, government parastata and private business institutions.  They store information and make the data more available when needed.  They operate with high speed, they are accurate to the points of their activities, and they are reliable, automatic and versatility.  Banks therefore saw this as need to go into computerization.

Nevertheless, the advent of computer has some problems.  These problems are training of personnel and financial costs.  They are very necessary before any bank could go into computerization.  Training of personnel is very necessary for the effective running and operations of any computer.  The human being is the only thing that can operate a machine like computer, therefore without an effective personnel, the computer cannot be very efficient.

Computer is an intellectual tool, which contributes to output, by increasing effective efficiency, and it is also a tool that is capable of performing pre-determined tasks faster and more accurate.

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

The problems encountered are:

1. The problem of inadequate data and information storage by the banks.
2. The problem of time wastage during the course of the banking activities.
3. The problem encountered during installation of computerized system.
4. Problem encountered in training of personnel.

THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON CUSTOMER’S SATISFACTION AND PROFITABILITY IN NIGERIA BANKS. (A CASE STUDY OF TRANS INTERNATIONAL BANK PLC)

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA

   ORDER NOW

 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:0115939447

First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name:3059320631

We also accept :   ATM transfer , online money  transfer 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>

Call Help Desk Line :  08074466939,08063386834.

After Payment Send Your Payment Details To

08074466939 Or 08063386834,   The Project Title  You  Selected On Our Website , Amount Paid, Depositor Name, Your Email Address, Payment Date. You Will Receive Your Material In Less Than 1 Hour Once We Confirm Your Payment.

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ABSTRACT

The main objective of any financial institution is to harness their profit making potentials and subsequent development and growth.  An the purpose of this study is to urge banks to adopt the efficient use of information technology in all their banking operations.  This will in turn load to increased customer’s  satisfaction and patronage which will eventually translate into improved deposits.

 

Therefore in this world of dynamism, all banks in order to achieve their set goals must be innovative and adopt the use of computers in their routine operations.  It has been proved that the use of computers for auditing  and accounting purposes are more efficient   and reliable.  The bank manager   can easily punch  the computer from  his own office without consulting any of his subordinate and all the information’s he require  will  appear at a twinkle of an eye.  This has gone a long way in maintaining water tight internal control and at the same time reduced fraud in the  banking sector.

 

Data collected were through questionnaires and hypothesis research statements were duely tested using chi-square technique.  Data analysis and interpretation gave the following findings:

Information technology has increased  customers satisfaction in Trans International Bank PLC.

Information technology has greatly unchanged the profitability of the bank.

Information technology has let to increased bank deposit.

Information technology has led to development and growth of the bank.

Based on my findings, I have recommended that banks should endeavour to:

Computerize fully at aspect of their operations.

Embark on intensive training of their state in order to acquaint them with the uses and applications of computers.

Be  prudent in management  of their resources and adhere to ethics and law guiding banking operations in Nigeria.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction 1

1.1   Background of the Study                                        1

1.2   Statement of the problems                                              3

1.3   Purpose of the Study                                             4

1.4   Research Questions                                                5

1.5   Research Hypotheses                                                     6

1.6   Significance of the Study                                       7

1.7   The scope of the study.                                          9

CHAPTER TWO

• Literature Review 10
  • Introduction 10
  • Information technology and management

information system                                                11

• The concept of information technology

and competition.                                                    16

• Information technology and the Nigeria

Banking environment.                                            18

• Effect of information technology on customer’s

satisfaction in Nigeria financial institution.                      23

2.6   Profitability of the Nigeria Banking Industry            25

CHAPTER THREE                

• Research design and Methodology. 27

3.1   Research Design                                                    27

3.2   Area of the study                                                   29

3.3   Population of the study                                          29

3.4   Sample and sampling technique                               29

3.5   Instrument for data collection.                                29

3.6   Method of data analysis.                                         30

CHAPTER FOUR

• Data Presentation and Analysis 31

4.1   Hypotheses Testing and Results                              31

CHAPTER FIVE            

• Findings, Recommendations and conclusion. 45

5.1   Discussion of findings                                           45

5.2   Recommendations                                                  48

5.3   Conclusion                                                           49

5.4   Limitations of the study.                                        50

References                                                            52

Questionnaire design                                             54

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

               Owing to the voluminous work and the need to meet up with customers demand in the banking industry, most banks have developed and adopted the use of high-tech electronic devises such as computers for more efficient services.  computer plays a vital role in storage, processing, analysis and retrieval of information’s within a twinkle of an eye.

 

Suffice it to say that electronic banking is the order of the day in most Nigeria banks today.  The most important needs of computer is for customers satisfaction and enhanced profitability.  Computerized  banks quickly respond to customers demands which include; ascertainment of account balance, withdrawal or deposit of cash and other inquires.  With the adequate of automatic teller machine (ATM), banks can also  offer quicker services to their numerous customers outside  the banking hall.

 

Furthermore, online banking off the customers the opportunity to withdraw or deposit money from their accounts at any branch in Nigeria.

The extend to which electronic banking have aided banks in satisfying their customers and at the same time enhance their  profitability is another issue to be examined.  Trans international bank Plc (TIBPLC) has been chosen as a case study for the purpose of this project.

 

Historical Background:   Trans international bank plc was established on March, 1989 with its headquarters at Ibadan, Oyo State of Nigeria.  As a new generation bank born out of  a vision to set standard, in customer satisfaction and profitability making.  The seed of passion, creativity and team spirit sown by the founders did not  take much time to blossom.

 

The first  nine months of operation  recorded an after tax  profit of three million and one hundred  thousand naira (N3.1million).  This grew to N7 million in the year 2000.

 

Despite  the hard economic conditions which led to many banks going distress in the  90 TIB  remains solid with a high capital base to date.  Since then, it has continued to grow in  leaps and sounds.  More branches  have been  opened with within Ibadan and Lagos State.  Within it’s twelve years of operations, shareholder fund has grown from N130 million in 1994 to N1.022 billion by the end of year 2003.

 

Also total deposits and gross earnings grew to N8.7 billion and N1.9 billion respectively.  This result into 81.25% and 73% growth between 1999 and 2003 respectively.

TIB  is  one of the few banks among it’s pears to be quartered in it’s own corporate headquarters christened TIB house.

 

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Owing to government stringent regulation of  banking industry in Nigeria and the need to remain in business, most banks have adopted various measures in order to remain in Business while some have gone distress.  Currently every bank is aspected to maintain N25 billion capital base in order to be in operation.  TIB Plc is one of the new generation banks that has remained in business within the banking

 

 

 

Continue reading THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON CUSTOMER’S SATISFACTION AND PROFITABILITY IN NIGERIA BANKS. →

THE IMPACT OF INTEREST RATE DEREGULATION ON COMMERCIAL BANKS’ LENDING OPERATIONS IN NIGERIA (A SURVEY OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC ENUGU

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION 1
  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
  • STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3
  • OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 6
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 7
  • SCOPE OF STUDY 8
  • LIMITATION OF THE STUDY         8
  • HYPOTHESIS 10
  • RESEARCH QUESTIONS 12
  • DEFINITION OF TERMS 12

NOTES.                                                             15

 

CHAPTER TWO

• REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
  • FINANCIAL REPRESSION HYPOTHESIS 16
  • FINANCIAL REPRESSION IN NIGERIA 26
  • RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTEREST RATE AND SAVINGS 34
  • INTEREST RATE MANIPULATION BEFORE DEREGULATION 38
  • COMMERCIAL BANK AND FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION. 40
  • PRINCIPLES OF GOOD LENDING 40
  • EFFECTIVE LENDING           44
  • THE IMPACT OF INTEREST RATE SPECULATION ON UNION BANK OF NIG. PLC                               .45

NOTES                                                                        47

 

CHAPTER THREE

• RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
  • POPULATION OF COMMERCIAL BANKS 53
  • DETERMINATION OF SAMPLE SIZE 54
  • DETERMINATION OF CUSTOMERS SAMPLE SIZE                     55
    • DETERMINATION OF BANK CUSTOMERS SIZE 60

CHAPTER FOUR

• PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 68

4.1           RATE OF RETURN OF QUESTIONNAIRES     68

4.2               ANALYSIS OF LOAN AND ADVANCES OF UNION             BANK OF NIGERIA PLC ENUGU                       69

4.3     TOTAL DEPOSIT LIABILITIES OF UNION  BANK OF NIGERIA PLC ENUGU                                                          70

4.5     ANALYSIS OF QUESTIONNAIRE TO CUSTOMER   79

 

CHAPTER FIVE

• FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
  • SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 94
  • RECOMMENDATION TO: 98
• CENTRAL BANK 99
• COMMERCIAL BANK 99
• CUSTOMERS 101

 

BIBLIOGRAPHY                                          102

APPENDIX

• COVERING LETTER TO THE QUESTIONNAIRE                                                             106
• QUESTIONNAIRE

 

 

LIST OF TABLES

1. RATE OF RETURN OF QUESTIONNAIRES
2. ANALYSIS OF LOAN AND ADVANCES OF UNION BANKING OF NIGERIA PLC ENUGU
3. TOTAL DEPOSIT LIABILITIES OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC ENUGU
4. SCHEDULE OF AFTER TAX PROFIT OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC ENUGU
5. CLASSIFICATION OF ACCOUNTS HELD BY CUSTOMERS IN UNION OF NIGERIA PLC ENUGU
6. HYPOTHESIS I TESTING TABLE
7. HYPOTHESIS II TESTING TABLE

 

GRAPH

• TOTAL DEPOSIT LIABILITIES OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC ENUGU

CHAPTER ONE

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

          There had been administrative control on the nation’s interest rates until July 31, 1987 when, in consonance with the spirit of the structural Adjustment programme (SAP) of the Federal Government the Central Bank of Nigeria issued a circular on interest rates bordering on the deregulation of this financial sector of the economy.

 

As a signal to the direction, the Central Bank wanted the interest rate to go, the minimum Re-discount Rate (MRR) was raised from 11 to 15% which now peaks at 18.5%.

 

The apex financial institution (CBN) declared that interest rates payable on deposits or chargeable on loans and advances were henceforth to be determined by the interplay of the market forces of demand and supply.

 

Nigerians being what they are agitative and speculative went to town some decrying the policy as the last straw that would break the back of our fragile economy, others extolled the policy as the best and boldest steps ever taken towards the revamping of the ailing economy.  These divergent views of the financial experts both in the academic and in the Banking sector about the likely impact of the interest rate deregulation motivated me to appraise the impact of the deregulation on commercial banking operation.

 

Notable among those who bemoaned the deregulation of interest rate was Abiodum (1987).  According to him, Deregulation a fragile economy like ours will have the overall effect of dampening it since the high interest rate will cause slow down investment as borrowing will be curtailed.

 

But this view was opposed by Iklude (1987) 2.  he was of the view that “interest rate deregulation will not only bring relief to the financially repressed economy but will ensure a real return on deposit which has over the year been negative.

 

What these argument  boiled down to was that interest rate deregulation would lead to efficient allocation of financial market resources because interest rate will now reflect relative scarcity and relative efficiency in different uses.

 

According to Abraham Nwankwo (1987) 3 “Bigger banks will price small ones out at the market by lending cheep to customers and paying them interest rate on their deposits”.

It is in the light of the controversies that accompanied the interest rate deregulation that prompted the deregulation on commercial Bank lending operation.

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

Interest Rate deregulation, like other stringent economy measured by the present administration has far reaching consequences on the nation’s banking industry and on the borrowing public.

Commercial banks that had lent huge sums of money before the deregulation of interest rate were in stormy water making their customers repay their loans at the new rate.  The borrowing public complained that their banks had without prior notice unleashed high interest rate on them.  They were at daggers drawn as the measure created had blood between the banks and their customers.

The interest rate deregulation with its attendant high interest payable on loan and advances terribly limited the borrower’s  quest for

THE INTERNAL AUDITING AS AN INSRUMENT FOR EFFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT

(A CASE STUDY OF INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY I.M.T.) ENUGU

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ABSTRACT

 

The variable instrument for the control of the organizational resources is the internal control, which has internal audit as its instrument.  This important father makes the researcher to choose “Internal auditing as an instrument for effective management”.

For this project on institution of management and technology (IMT) Enugu as a case studying, the researcher made use of both primary and secondary data.  Structured questionnaires were the method used for the collection of primary data.  Secondary data were also collected from textbooks and form various libraries.  Chi-squares was used as a statistical tool for analyzing the data.

It was discovered from the research that internal auditing is an indispensable instrument for effective management interferes with the function of the internal audit duties in the institution.  Also lack of information contribution to the misappropriation of funds and properties of the organization.

The researcher recommend that internal auditors should be persons who are well trained experienced and of good moral standing for proper recognition.

On that note, the management should not interferes with the duties and proper working of the internal  audit unit.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

• Background of the study
• Statement of the problem
• Objective of the study
• Scope of the study
• Research questions
• Null hypothesis (ho)
• Significance of the study

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

• Review of related literature

 

CHAPTER THREE

• Methodology

3.1     Research design

• Area o the study
• Population of the study
• Sample and sampling procedure
• Instrument for data collection
• Validation of the instrument
• Reliability of the instrument
• Administration of the instrument
• Method of data analysis

 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     Data presentation and result

 

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     Discussion of results

• Discussion
• Conclusion
• Implication of the study
• Recommendation
• Suggestions for further research
• Limitation of the study

APPENDIX

REFERENCES

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

1.1     INTRODUCTION

The function and the existence of internal audit department in organisation cannot be over emphasized considering the enormity of trust and responsibility attached to this department of an organisation.  This brings to mind why the writers chose to research on the subject, internal auditing as an instrument for effective management.

Internal auditing becomes necessary as a result of the extended span of control faced by the management concerning the employment of men and material in the conduct of organizational affairs.  The work of the internal audit are very important in most modern organizations and have trust of responsibility to advice the management and enforce the operations of internal control, and the internal checks in the organisation.  The inefficiency in the organisation during day to day activities are controlled.

The internal audit is the independence appraisal activity in the organisation as a service to the management.  The duties are usually defined by the management and these includes:

 

• Measurement of the adequacy and effectiveness of the internal control system on a continuous basis;
• Routine checks to prevent and detect errors and frauds;
• Provision of hireling advice to management on internal control matters;
• Investigation of reported cases of all practices;
• Provision of statiscal data for management information and decision making;
• Other special assignment such as asset disposal, staff audits.

 

Inspite of this being a seemingly exacting and challenging function of the internal audit department.  In some organizational, the management starve the internal auditor of funds, staffing and training.

It is necessary for internal audit to have credibility by having as internal auditors persons of interrity.

The above qualities of internal auditors contributed to the inefficient of the internal audits of the organizations world-wide.

As regards, the problems which usually effects the internal audit departments, the staff of some organisation treats the internal audit as “blood hound” and not “watch dogs”.  The fraudulent staff would not normaly corporate with the internal auditors as regard the supply of information which should be used for the effective checks of the work of the organizations activities.

The project directs its attention on the institute of management and technology (IMT) Enugu.  The school was established as a result of the combination of the former college of technology and institute of administration of East Central State in 1972.

The institute of management and technology (IMT) Enugu came into being of the 1^st July, 1973 as a result of edict No. 10 of 1973 of the then East Central State Government.

The institute of management and technology has two campus whish is campus II and III as campus I has been taken over by the Enugu State University of Science and technology (ESUT) Enugu Nigeria.

The institute of management and technology (IMT) Enugu runs preliminary studies, such as full-time, part-time and poly-air programmes.  The institute has its head of establishment, the rector of the institute, the registrar, the accounts and the student’s affairs etc.

The institute of management and technology (IMT) Enugu has under its various programmes:

 

• School of business and administration;
• School of Engineering
• School of General Studies;
• School of Technical Teachers Education and;
• School of Continuing Education.

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

The research titled internal auditing as an instrument of effective management attempts to determine the methods by which some institution like the institute of management and technology (IMT), Enugu has utilized internal audit as an instrument for effective management some of these problems are:

Ina