THE ROLE OF AUDITING IN A DEVELOPING ECONOMY – NIGERIA EXPERIENCE

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COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

CHAPTER ONE:

• Introduction

1.1     Statement of problem

• Objective of study
• Importance of study
• Scope and limitation
• Definition of terms

 

 

 

CHAPTER TWO:

• Review of related literature

2.1     Developing economy a definition

• The historical background of auditing
• Types of audit
• The objectives of auditing
• The need for auditing in what justification
• The roles of auditing in Nigeria
• Problems of auditing in Nigeria
• Prospects of auditing in Nigeria

 

CHAPTER THREE:

• Summary of findings, conclusion and recommendation

3.1     Findings

• Conclusion
• Recommendation

Bibliography

 

ABSTRACT

 

The research work “the roles of auditing in a developing economy – Nigeria Experience” is aimed at mapping out the various ways that the roles need to be appreciated in a developing economy using Nigeria as a point of reference.

The researcher within the limitation of the study will make a proper investigation on how the roles of auditing will help to achieve some economic development and making business operations.  Also to change peoples erroneous believe that auditors are blood-hound instead of watch dog.

The researcher shall find that these roles has to be needed and the justification of its needs.  The study will show that the role of auditing be appreciated by the time it is put to its find conclusion.  The study will suggest and recommend the possible ways to understand the role of auditing by people, the importance of having an audit and the implications of not having any.  The benefits of having an audit will also be highlighted in the study.

The researcher will equally present in a more comprehensive manner the findings and recommendation which should be useful to any researcher making further study of the topic.

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION:

As we have been witnessing in recent times, there has been drastic change in customers trends in Nigerian.  Some of the reasons for these abnormalities in business trends which resulted in the general economic downturns, ranged from  inflation, mismanagement of foreign exchange reserves, high prices of essential commodities, lack of raw materials for use in industries, misappropriation of excessive expenditure in compatible with real budgets, lack of accountability, rapidly escalaÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿrious constraints, problems, floors and prospects of auditing in Nigeria.

5. Generally, the researcher aims at arousing interests on the issues of auditing roles will be welcomed by the time his term paper is put to its find conclusion

 

• THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY:

This research work is intended to have varying level of significance to various categories of its readers such as the researcher, the reader and those who may wish to make from time to time references there to and on the topic of study itself.

Pone of the significance of this research is that it forms a major part of the final examination of the project writer himself and therefore, intended to be one of the major prerequisites for eventual completion of his courses of study.

Besides, the fact of being a major determinant for the award of his Ordinary National Diploma (OND) in Accountancy, it is however significant to undertake such study because it intends to give the researcher a thorough and fuller understanding of the subject matter which is titled “the role of auditing in a developing economy Nigeria Experience”.

Therefore, emphasis is made to carefully study and detailed research work conducted such that would leave no one in doubt as to whether justice has been done to the topic or not.

 

 

• SCOPE AND LIMITATION:

For the purpose of this research, the writer focused more attention on auditing roles as it affects Nigeria as a developing country.  The concentration Nigeria Experience alone is as a result of the fact that the writer envisaged a

THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION AND ITS ROLE IN THE SOCIETY

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

The aim of this research project is to look into in details the accounting profession and then enumerate its function s and rise in society.

The accounting profession is regarded in the course of history as social institution, that when ever people met in the economic area a reference is needed to keep score, this is accounting.

Since the turn of the 19^th century, the accounting profession has grown tremendously all over the world.  Infact, during the first sixty years of the 20^th century, major economic and social force have thrust the accounting profession to new frontiers and responsibilities.  The factors contributing to this growth are th increase of the large corporate business in number, size and complexity in addition to government influence in the affairs of business by taxation and regulation.

Technological advice especially in the field of computer, which has rapidly changed the process of data accumulation and interpretation are also factors contributing to the growth of the accounting profession.

The role of the computer in accounting profession has facilitated the traditional accounting function such as payroll, cost accounting and general book-keeping.  It is also used for analytical purposes such as cost benefit analysis.

New types of work are added to the practice of the accounting profession, installation of accounting system, management of social activities auditing and a host of other activities relating to financial production and organizational problem and government units.  The accountant apart from the examine, supplying and communicating financial information to its various uses, gives his opinion on wide variety of representation such as sales, statistics, lease agreement advice on financial matters and tax matter budgeting, cost control planning etc.

He had also contributed immensely quota in a complex society in ways other than the ones stated above such as attacking problems of urban congestive, medicine, crime control, economic development etc.

This accounting profession is a wide based and complex profession, this is because the above activities performed by accountant conflict complex problems and this creates the need for a high degree of expertise by the accountant in various specialties to enable him solve some of the problem created by management and society.

New kinds of problems like auditing and installation of accounting system can also beaded.

 

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

In discussing the problems of accounting profession when

related to the individual and society, we have already know that accounting is the actor of recording, interpreting and communicating financial information as an aid to decision making.

Firstly, is the government influence the affairs of business

Through taxation and regulation has introduced new accounting problem and broadened the scope of accounting.

In addition, we individual face some problems of decision making like how much income received in a given period of time? What expenses they will incure? Are these amount large or sooner than in some other period? If the income exceeds expenses, what do I do with the surplus.

If the income is insufficient to meet, what were the sources and amount of income for the year and to whom and in what law are pertinent to those accounting and reporting procedures?

We individuals resolve these question through primitive records and reports.  But the soundness of the judgment and decision depends on the quality, timelessness of the information.

The processing of information at this level must be systematized and managed by experts.

 

• OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

As we have introduced

THE ROLE OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT ON THE NIGERIA ECONOMY

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

ABSTRACT

The problems of housing and accommodations in Nigeria have become a very big task for the day to achieve. With the setting up of National Housing Fund Scheme by the Federal Military Government of Nigeria in 1992 under decree 5 of 1992 to collect a specified amount of contribution from each individual worker by the Federal Mortgage Bank of Nigeria. The said amount was to be used in the construction of housing musts for distribution to each individual contributor according to the strength of their contribution.

With this, problem of housing continued to rear its head as a big problem in my government. It is with this in mind that the researcher decided to take up the issue of managing the available contributions for use in the construction of housing units.

The methods adopted in the collection of data were the secondary and primary source of data collection, but due to the fact that the project was not written before it became a problem to get most of the information needed to write  the research.

Finally, it was suggested that the management of the firm be given to a private firm in order to make for a better and more efficient service.

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction 9

1.1     Purpose of the study                                                                              10

• Significance of the study 11
• Scope of the study 12
• Limitations of the study 13

 

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Definition                                                                                              14

2.1     Problems of Inadequate Shelter                                                             16

2.2     The Social Aspect of The Housing Problem                                          18

2.3     Aims and Objective of National Housing Fund Scheme                        20

2.4     Benefits of National Housing Fund Scheme                                          21

 

CHPATER THREE

3.0     Summary of findings, Conclusion and Recommendation                      22

• Findings 22
• Conclusion                                                                       24
• Recommendation 25

Bibliography                                                                                          26

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

The importance of housing as a shelter to man cannot be overemphasized, as it is an essential need to the existence and survival of mankind. Men have there basic needs, namely, food, shelter and clothing. The provision of shelter has thus become major concern for man since creation and has reflected his culture and standard of living through the ages.

The importance of shelter was stressed by the Federal Government in the third National Development Plan where it was stated that shelter represents one of the basic human needs and has no doubt a profound impact on health, welfare and productivity of an individual. The United Nation (UN) also give it a global recognition on April 12^th 1985 where it passed a resolution No 11/12 targeting the year 2000 as one in which there will be home for all.

The Federal Government then set up the National Housing Fund Scheme (NHFS) to help the common man to have a home of his own and to improve the housing problems encountered in Nigeria. The Scheme was made to

• Facilitate the mobilization of the und for the provision of house fund for the provision of house for Nigerians at affordable prices.
• Ensure the constant supply of loans to Nigerians for the purpose of building, purchasing and improvement of residential houses.
• Provide incentives for the capital. Market to invest in properly development.
• Encourage the development of specific program that would ensure effective financing of housing development in particular low cost housing for low income earners (Workers).
• Provide proper policy control over the allocation of resources and funds between the housing sector and other sector of the Nigeria economy.

 

1.1     PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The need for this research is to create a situation  where the housing need of Nigerians are satisfied by the effective management of

FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AS A TOOL OF STRATEGIC PLANNING IN BUSINESS ORGANISATION

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
• PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
• SIGNITICANCE OF THE SYUDY
• SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

CHAPTER TWO

• LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1      OBJECTIVE AND USES OF FINANCAL ANALYSIS

2.2      RATIO  ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES

2.3      TRATEGIC PLANNING

CHAPTER THREE

• SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION OF RECOMMENDATION

3.1      SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

3.2      RECOMMENDATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Change and organizational implication of change are very much in minds of modern/managers. And managers as become increasingly aware of the need and for a better information technique and process to cope with risk and uncertainties that are the future of change. management assignments of the likely, impact of constantly concurring economic social and technological change necessitate the need to carryout vigorous process of anticipating change, plotting it course and shaping the change for intended organization purpose, this is done through designing of strategies and plans to cope with aid of strategies and plans to cope with the problem and opportunities obtained from proper analysis of financial data.

Financial analysis involves the use of financial statement such as balance sheet, which gives a numerical view of the assets and liabilities of a firm at a particular time and income statement well known as profit and loss of the firm for particular period.

Financial analysis is the process of identifying the financial strengths and weakness of a firm as property confirming relationship between items of the balance sheet and profit and loss.[PANDEY 1979].

Financial statement are also the instrument of a business enterprises, it constitute a report on a management performance affecting to managerial success or failure and indicating warning signal of impending difficulties. To interpret data appearing in financial statement. One most understand the inner working of the accounting system and significance of various relationship.

The analysis and interpretation of financial statement endeavor to provide information in respect to organization to which the respect are prepared this analysis can be undertaken to aid management decision making process and planning [viscous 1987] page 1.

Apart from the management who make the use of financial statement interpretation and analysis, it may also be at a great interest to others to other user of financial statement in the society this group can be classified as internal users and external users. They are: –

1. Share holders [owners of company]
2. Financial institutions
3. Creditors
4. Investors
5. Financial analysis
6. Government [for tax purpose by inland revenue department].
7. Financial journalist [ harns and hazard 1994].

More so each party concerned have divergent reasons for their interest in financial statement analysis and it must follow a given principles and rules of the accounting standards. This will allow a full appreciation of facts revealed by the accounts

Analysis and interpretation of financial statement of the an organization can be carried out through the use of.

1. Ratio analysis.
2. Financial statement

Ratio analysis is at of the tools used when making financial analysis, they are yardsticks to evaluate the firms’ financial condition and performance and it deals with relating two financial data to each other.

Ratio are used to greater extent by the higher cadre of management who are responsible for maximizing profit and making strategic plan for the survival and growth of the company, it may be use to assets the efficiency of the management and in achievement of either organization within the same industry.

Fund flow statement is also used in analyzing the performance of the business organization by comparing the balance sheet  as two different data and to relate change that occur in the financial structure to profit and loss made in the period under consideration.

This is useful in making strategies plans because of the information revealed about the business organization activities and policy’s

 

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM.

This research work tends to highlight the use of financial analysis as a tool in strategy planning in order to measure the growth and profitability of the company.

Modern industries have cut grown the area of guesswork to survive today, a business must known it’s progress and catrogress at all points in time. Apart from this, “the management of every business must keep foremost in its thinking two primary objectives to earn a profit and to study solvent, that is to have in land sufficient cash to pay as they fail due[merge 1981].

The need fo

“RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING”

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction 1
• Responsibility accounting 1
• Responsibility center 2
• Types of responsibility centers 8
• Expense center 9
• Profit center 9
• Investment center 10

 

CHAPTER TWO

• Management control process 12
• Steps in management control 14
• Type of budget 15
• The cash budget 17
• Uses of budget 20
• Budget preparation 23
• Reporting and analysis 23

 

CHAPTER THREE

• Control reports and their uses 25
• Information reports 25
• Performance reports 26
• Technical criteria for report 27
• Summary 29

BIBLIOGRAPHY                                                                         32

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

Responsibility accounting is the third type of management accounting information.  It is called by that name because the accounting information is structured according to organization units, which are responsibility centers.  Responsibility accounting collects and reports information that is used in an important management function and management control.

 

RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING

DEFINITION

An information system designed to a measure the performance of that segment of a business for such a given manager is responsible is often referred to as “responsibility accounting system”.

 

A responsibility accounting system should reflect the plans and performance of each organization.  It is designed to provide timely information for decision making and for the evaluation of performance.  In addition to being timely such information should highlight deviations of actual performance from planned performance so that appropriate corrective action can be taken.  All items of expense are the responsibility of an individual and should be charged to that individual at the point of origin.  In other words, expenses should be viewed as the responsibility of the manger of the organizational unit where costs originated.  The manager at this level is authorized to incur expenses and he is in a position to exercise direct control over them.

 

 

RESPONSIBILITY CENTRE

An organization has one or more leaders who are called managers who lead members of an organization to accomplish the organizational goals and objectives.  Managers user worker whom they motivate, take decisions on the resources that are available and set about in achieving the organizational goals and objective of either providing services or tangible goods.

 

A manager can conveniently supervise a limited number of subordinates, which the Old Testament writes put at ten.  However, this number could be varied depending on the nature of the job to be done and on the personality and skill of the manger.  It therefore, follows that in an organization there must be more than one manager and there must be several layers of managers in the organistion of a company.  Authority runs from the top unit down through the successive layers which is called “Organistion hierarchy”.  In an organization, the top line units are called divisions and within each division there are a number of departments and within each department there are a number of sections, all with leaders and supervisors.

Each of the organization unit is headed by a manager who is responsible for the work done by the unit.  These organization units are called responsibility centers which is simply an organization unit headed by a responsible manager.  The manager is responsible in the sense that it is the duty of manager to see that the organization unit does its part in achieving the goals of the whole organization.

The responsibility center uses resources.  These are its input.  It works with these resources.  People are involved in this process as well as machines, stock and other tangible things.  As a result of this work outputs are produced in the form of goods if they are tangible and services it they are intangible.  Those goods or services go either to other responsibility centers within the organistion or to customers in the outside world.  The information given by the below diagram can be classified as either accounting information or non-accounting information.  Although we are   interested primarily in accounting information, much of non-accounting information is relevant in understanding what has happened in a responsibility center.