IMPACT OF TAXATION AS AN AID TO ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT IN EDO STATE

A CASE STUDY OF OREDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction——————————————————–1

1.1     Statement of problem———————————————2

• Objective of the study———————————————3
• Significance of the study—————————————–4
• Limitations of the study——————————————5
• Assumptions——————————————————-6
• Formulation of hypothesis—————————————7
• Definition of terms———————————————–8

CHAPTER TWO

Review of Related Literature

• Introduction

2.1     Definition of tax

• Types of Taxation
• Incidence of Taxation
• Principles of Taxation
• Elements of Taxation
• The importance of Taxation in Edo

Statement Economy

• Structure and administration of Nigeria tax system
• Appraisal of some tax legislation
• The problems of Taxation and its function

 

CHAPTER THREE

Research Methodology

• Introduction

3.1     Research design

• Primary source of data
• Secondary source of data
• Population
• Sampling techniques
• Sample size
• Remarks

 

CHAPTER FOUR

• Introduction

4.1     Presentation of Related data

• Analysis of related
• Testing the Hypothesis

 

CHAPTER FIVE

Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation

• Discussion

5.1     Summary/Conclusion

• Recommendation

Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION

One of the major functions of any government especially developing countries such as Nigeria in the provision of infrastructure service such as electricity, pipe-born water, Hospitals, schools, Access roads and as well ensure a rise in per capital income poverty alleviation to mention a few.

For these service to be adequately provided government should have enough revenue to finance them.  The task of financing there enough revenue to financing there enormous responsibilities is one of the major problem facing the government. Given the limited resources of government, there is need to carry the citizens (governed) along hence the imposition of tax on all taxable individuals and companies to augument government’s financial position.  To this end, government have always enacted various tax laws and reforms existing ones to stand the taste of time.  They include: income tax management act (ITMA) companies income tax decree (CITD) joint tax board (JB) etc.

All these are aimed at ensuring adhence to Tax payment and discouraging tax evasion and avoidance.

For the purpose of this study, the researcher would be concerned with the impact of taxation as an aid to the economic development of Edo state (Nigeria).

 

1.1     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

          The first need of any modern government is to generate enough revenue which is indeed the breath of its nostril” Thus taxation is by far the most significant source of revenue for the government.  The ideas Nigeria’s regard payment of tax as a means whereby government raises revenue on herself at the expense of their sweat.

It is good to note that no tax can succeed without the tax payer’s co-operation.  Here, we an ask some thought-provoking question such as what takes taxation such a difficult issue?  Why do people feel cheated when it comes to tax? Is government making judicious use of tax payer’s money?

AUDITING AS AN INDISPENSABLE TOOL FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

(A CASE STUDY OF TEXCO NIGERIA PLC LAGOS STATE)

 

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

CHAPTER ONE

• Background of study
• Statement of the problem
• Objective of the study
• Statement of hypothesis
• Significance of the study
• Scope and limitation of study
• Definition of terms.

 

CHAPTER TWO

• Review of related literature
• Historical background of quitting
• Meaning and important of auditing including its, saims
• Internal check internal control and internal audit.
• Various types of audit
• The objective of auditing
• The need for auditing what justification
• Auditing as an indispensable tool for economic development
• Problem of an audit and how to over come audit problems.
  • How to over come or prevent audit problems
• How auditing has helped the growth and prosperity as well as efficient management of Texaco Nig Plc Lagos sate

 

CHAPTER THREE

• Research methodology
• Research design
• Selection of data
  • Source of data
  • Primary data
• Secondary data
  • Research instrument
  • Direct inter view
  • Questionnaire design
  • Data analysis techniques

 

CHAPTER FOUR

• Data presentation and analysis of data
• Hypothesis testing
• Data interpretation

 

CHAPTER FIVE

• Summary of findings
• Conclusion
• Recommendations

Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The management of the economy in the past has been characterized by corruption and financial mismanagement which made the country to have persistent balance  of payment problems. This financial mismanagement was more pronounced during the civilian administration of 1979- 1983 and the dictatorial government of general Sani Abacha of 1993 to 1998.

The performance of the economy in the past therefore suggest that our economic  problem today are the bye product of unpatriotic, uncommitted, selfish and corrupt leader ship.

In the face of glaring corruption financial impropriety over invoicing and other facets role the auditors of repute have been playing in a bid to buid a virile nation.

The purpose of accountability in any society is to showing how well organisation and people in position of trust of public and private funds and property have performed.

The accounting profession requires of its members integrity transparent honesty independence and objectivity to accepted professional conduct.

During the decade 1970 and  beyond the Nigerian economy completely lost its direction.

The glory which the economy attained during its pre- and post independence era soon began to dwindle due to the monocultural dependence on oil which the country developed as a result of the unexpected rise in oil prices.

The need for integrity oneness of purpose, effective and efficient financial control which enhance profitability at this stage can not  be over emphasized in a bid to channel the surplus funds to prioritized areas.

Even the surplus funds could not be used for the development of man power in the area of science and technology for the country consequently there is a total dependence on the foreign sector for technical support. The company under review is a case in point since the  production of its marketable product can not be carried  out without the assistance of technical partners.

However, the company provides goods and services to the public generate employment opportunities as well as contributing substantially to government revenue.

There is a requirement that all registered limited liability companies must have their financial records audited annually by a firm of auditors so appointed.

The law complies as above for the auditor to express an opinion on such financial statement and for the opinion to be authoritative the auditor must seen to be independent

In an attempt to ensure improve profitability various devices and method such as internal control are used.

Since companies differ both in degree and circumstances depending on the nature of business and commercial environment it operates reliance on certain factors.

Paragraph (5)_ of the auditors operational standards and guideline state that if the auditor wishes to place reliance on any internal control he should ascertain and evaluate those controls and perform compliance test on their operation this is to ensure completeness and accuracy of all financial record and transaction.

As we go further in this study the relevant ingredients will be dealt with in order to arrive at the conclusions based on empirical test.

 

 

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The financial statement of government and other non- business and public sector entities may report on the audit of  public sector entities or other public corporation the auditor has to take into consideration the specific requirements  and other relevant regulation ordinances and decrees which affect the audit mandate and any special auditing requirement including the need to have regard to issued of natural  security.

According to H.D Onuegbu (!991`) in his book auditing for beginners. Such requirement may affect th

THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY BANKS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL COMMUNITIES

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.2   STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

1.3   SCOPE OF THE STUDY

1.4   OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

1.3   SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

1.4   LIMITAITON OF THE STUDY

1.7   DEFINITION OF TERMS

 

CHAPTER TWO

2.0   REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1   INTRODUCTION

2.2   RURAL BANKING SCHEME IN NIGERIA

2.3   NATURE AND CONCEPT OF COMMUNITY BANKS

2.4   VENTRAL BANK CONTROL MEASURE TO COMMUNITY BANKS

2.5   FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNITY BANKS IN RURAL AREAS

2.6   WHY MOST COMMUNITY BANKS ARE FOLDING

2.6   PROCEDURE FOR THE ESTABLISHEMNT OF COMMUNITY BANKS.

REFERENCES

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.1   SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

3.2   RECOMMENDATION

3.3   CONCLUSION

REFERENCE

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

• INTRODUCTION

This chapter is mainly concerned with the efforts at

expanding the economic base of the rural area which are always backwards because of scarcity of and restrictive access to loanable funds.  In solving the problem, previous government in their economic policies have lied on development banking and rural branch banking of orthodox banks.  The word Community Banking is defined as a self sustaining financial institution owned by a community or a group of communities.  Unlike commercial banks, community banks were established mainly to promote productive activities in the rural area.  Specially, they are meant to facilities the programmes of directorate of food, roads and rural infrastructural producers.

Community bank has no other branch because it is established to operate within a community alone.  It is well known that 75 percent of the country’s resource and ointment are in the rural areas.  So our development project and programme can not achieve any appreciable improvement until this is focus on those rural areas.

 

1.2   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The federal government of Nigeria 1990 budget speech decided to establish community bank in order to strengthen its programmes of grassroots economic development.  The fundamental concept of a community banks is of a self-sustaining financial institution, owned and managed by a community for the purpose of providing credit deposit, banking and the service to its members.

It is designed to ensure that a community may establish a community bank for the purpose fo promoting rural development throughout the provision of finance and banking service improving the economic status of small scale producers both in the rural and urban areas, enhancing the rapid development of production activities especially in the rural economic growth in Nigeria.

A bank licensed under the community bank decree shall accept from persons various types of deposit including savings and time savings. Receive or collect money on behalf of its customers, operate equipment leasing facilities which is designed to ensure access of its customer to farm input.

Community bank in Nigeria banking system dates back to 1990 when the budget speech was delivered by the president commander in Chief of the Armed Forces, General Ibrahim Babangida. Since then, each state of the federation now has a minimum of at least twenty (20) community banks. Even the federal capital territory has four (4).

Community banks acts under the control of National Board for Community Banks (NBCV) and the Central Bank of Nigeria.  National Board for Community Banks is established for monitoring promotion, development and general supervisions of the community banks.

 

 

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The statement of the problem include the following: –

1. How can loanable funds made accessible to rural borrowers to enhance their economic activities?
2. How can the loan be secured other than asking for tangible security like collateral?
3. How rural banking habit can be improved to assist in rural development?

BANK FRAUD AND ITS EFFECTS ON NIGERIAN’S ECONOMY

(A CASE STUDY OF AFRIBANK NIGERIA PIC ENUGU)

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 , 

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANKER SECURITY GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All  Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank…   *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

 

ABSTRACT

Cases of frauds and foreign in banks have not only become incessant but have also been on the increase in recent years. Although frauds and foreign in banks are global phenomena, their growth in Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporations (NDIC) annual report for instance, presents a disturbing picture of rising trends of fraud in banks from N360.2 million in 1992 to N351.9 million in 1991. The amount unloved in frauds in commercial banks alone rose to N1, 377.15 million in 1993, whereas the actual expected loss rose from N64.8 million to N241.0 million.

 

Fraud, in banks is clearly unacceptably something’s drastic ought to be done to gently stem the tide in view of its image implications for the banking industry and the adverse effects it will have on the economy. The study emerges in response to this development. In carrying out this research work, questionnaires were distributed to the respondents for their reactions. Equally oral interviews were also carried out and some texts written by eminent scholars were consulted. The researcher believed all these would give enough information for a sound report. This study therefore seeks to identify the causes and effects of book fraud. After analyzing the returned 25 questionnaire distributed to the staff of Afribank Nigeria PLC Enugu, the following findings were made:

1. No internal control system is 100% errors proof but the internal control system of banks can be designed to make the perpetration of fraud difficult.
2. Non-periodic review of work by bank management gives loophole and the tendency to commit fraud in the industry.
3. The law enforcement agencies of the countries fail to deal seriously with the bank fraud sters apprehended and handed over to them.

 

Based on these, the following recommendation were made:

1. The use of close circuit television surveillance should be commencing in all banks.
2. Bank should ensure that computer operator’s passwords are kept in safe hands when there is movement of Alfred staff.

 

CHAPTER ONE 

• INTRODUCTION
  • BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
  • STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
  • PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
  • RESEARCH QUESTIONS
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
  • SCOPE AND LIMITATION

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

• LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 MAJOR CAUSES OF BANK FRAUD

2.1.0 INSTITUTIONAL CAUSES OF FRAUD

• VOLUME OF WORK
• NUMBER OF STAFF
• NATURE OF SERVICE
• BANKING EXPERIENCE
• INADEQUATE / LACK OF STAFF TRAINING
• POOR MANAGEMENT
• STAFF NEGLIGENCE
• RECRUITMENT SYSTEM
• POOR SECURITY ARRANGEMENT FOR DOCUMENTS
• USE OF SOPHISTICATED ACCOUNTING MACHINES
• FRUSTRATION
• INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE
• LAPSES IN THE MANAGEMENT
• CONTROL SYSTEM OF CORPORATE CUSTOMERS

 

2.1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL / SOCIAL CAUSES

• SOCIETAL VALUE
• PERSONALITY PROFILE OF DRAMATIZE PERSONNEL
• SLOW LEGAL PROCESS
• LACK OF EFFECTIVE DETERRENT PUNISHMENT

 

2.2 EFECTS OF BANK FRAUDS

2.2.0 EFFECTS OF BANK FRAUD ON THE BANKING INDUSTRY

• CRISES OF CONFIDENCE AMONG BANK CUSTOMERS
• IMAGE IMPLEMENTATIONS

 

 

2.2.1 EFFECTS ON OUR ECONOMY

2.3 NATURE AND TYPES OF FRAUD

2.3.0 ADVANCED FEE FRAUD

2.3.1 CHEQUE KITTING FRAUD

2.3.2 ACCOUNT OPENING FRAUD

2.3.4 MONEY TRANSFER FRAUD

2.3.5 LOANS FRAUD

2.3.6 COUNTERFEIT SECURITIES

2.3.7 CHEQUE FRAUD

2.3.8 MONEY LAUNDERING FRAUD

2.3.9 CLEARING FRAUD

2.3.10 COMPUTER FRAUD

2.3.11 TELEX FRAUD

CHAPTER THREE

• RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1 AREA OF STUDY

3.2 POPULATION

3.3 SAMPLE SIZE

3.4 SAMPLING METHOD

3.5 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION

3.5.1 QUESTIONNAIRE

3.5.2 PERSONAL INTERVIEW

3.5.3 SECONDARY DATA

3.6 ANALYTICAL TOOLS

CHAPTER FOUR

• DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULT
  • ANALYSIS OF OPERATIONAL QUESTIONS

CHAPTER FIVE

• SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

5.1 RECOMMENDATION

5.2 OTHER CONTROL MEASURES

5.3 CONCLUSION

BIBLIOGRAPHY

QUESTIONNAIRE

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The level of fraud in the present day Nigeria has assumed on epidemic dimension. It has eaten deep into every aspect of our life to the extent that a three years old child talks about 419, the name given to the newly discovered fees fraud that is hunting us a nation. Fraud is defined as “deceit or tricking deliberately practiced in order to gain some advantages dishonestly.” For an action to constitute fraud therefore there must be a dishonest intention and the action must be intended to benefit the perpetrator to the detriment of another person.

 

Going by this definition, frauds in the Nigeria economy cannot be restricted to the banks alone. Although frauds cut across all sectors of the economy and that size of an enterprises usually determines the volume of frauds perpetrated, such problems as inadequate manpower, poor internal control system, inadequate incentives and unsuitable legal framework for dealing with offenders, downturn in the economy, recognition being accorded the wealthy people regardless of their sources of wealth play a major role in the perpetration of frauds. The fear now is the threats which this devilish and unscrupulous act will pos to the stability and survival of individual financial institution and the performance of the industry as a whole for one things, frauds result in huge financial losses to financial institutions and their customers, depletion of shareholders frauds and capital base as well as loss of confidence in financial institutions.

 

Frauds and foreign also have negative effect on the banking industry. Today, various banks cannot withstand the growing pressure of competition among various banks due to the monster called bank frauds. Equally, the confidence place on banks are fast eroding because some people new prefer keeping their money at their homes instead of keeping them in the banks. The fear is now ………….. that if this act is not arrested, it might deplete our resources because foreign investors might not find it wise to transact business via our banks.

 

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

The problems of this research work will revolve around finding out the continuous cases of bank frauds in virtually all banks and other financial institution. Other problems include why banks have not been able to find solution that will help in curbing the banks and financial institutions frauds.

 

Furthermore, the research is aimed at finding the economic effects of frauds to the total economy of the nation, and the consequences of these frauds to our international relationship on global market economy.

 

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study is to identify the efforts of government and its agencies in the prevention and

THE ROLE OF INTERNAL AUDITING IN THE EFFECTING MANAGEMENT CONTROL OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

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CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction
• Area of research investigation
• Problems background
• Statement of problem
• Method of study
• Objective of study
• The importance of study
• The scope of the study
• The limitations of the study
• Definition of terms

 

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 Literature review

2.2 Historical background

2.3 Principles

2.4 Operational definition of internal auditing

2.5 Functions of an internal auditor

2.6 Benefits from an internal audit function

2.7 The internal auditor’s role in the area of management audit

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 Methodology and procedures

3.2 The empirical investigation

3.3 Reliability of data collection

 

 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Data presentation and analysis

4.2 Location of Ezeagu local government area

4.3 The objectives behind the creation of local governments

4.4 Functions of local governments

4.5 Structural organisation of Ezeagu local government

4.6 Sources of revenue

4.7 The functions of internal audit in the effective management control of local governments

4.8 Results of emperical investigations

4.9 Problems identified

4.10 Procedure of improvement

4.11 Major findings

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Summary

5.2 Conclusions

5.3 Recommendations for improvement

5.4 Appendix

5.5 Interview guide sheet

5.6 Bibliography

 

ABSTRACT

 

The subject of this research investigation is the role and functions of internal auditing within the local government councils in Enugu State, specifically, this study has empirically investigated the present situation functions and problems of the internal audit department within the local government councils in Enugu. The major problem of the researcher was to find out their relevance to the to the effective and efficient performances of the local government areas.

The research methodology in this investigation is descriptive approach, based an the answers to certain research questions. Data for the descriptive analysis were generated through an empirical investigation of the activities of the internal audit department in Ezeagu local government area. The methods of data collection were interviews, direct observations and study of secondary materials.

The major findings of this study are:-

1. That Ezeagu local government area has an internal audit department.
2. That internal auditing helps to know how well the policies of management were executed.
3. That the duties of the internal auditor could be performed by either the accounts division or the external auditor who must be statutorily appointed.
4. That all the internal auditors of the local government report to the auditor general, through the executive chairman of their local government areas.

The conclusions of this study are:

1. Management needs to know whether the report it relieves are accurate and adequate and whether its policies are being effectively translated into action in all sections of the local governments.
2. It also needs to know whether staffs are being properly trained and that they understand the rules and procedures they are expected to follow.

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

1.1 AREA OF RESEARCH AND INVESTIGATION

This research investigation falls within the area of internal auditing in Ezeagu local area.

Internal Auditing is an audit function which is being used by local governments as a part of its overall system of internal control. Such auditing is carried out by local government employees who are responsible to local government management. The activities of internal auditors were originally intended to verify secrecy and dependability of the accounting systems, data and information, but currently they are operating in non-accounting functions, verifying local government operation and efficiency.

From the foregoing, internal auditing is therefore, a day to day verification process, which operates continuously throughout the local government financial year. According to Akanyanwu (1990) internal auditing is “The independent appraisal within a local government of the accounting, financial and all other operations as a basis for protective and advisory services to management”.

 

1.2    PROBLEM BACKGROUND

The new civil service move with designed to made the service more functional, professional, productive and responsive to the socio-economic needs of the nation. The federal government has also recently revamped and restructure the local government system to enable it perform its role of promoting, co-ordinating and implementing community services, enhancing citizens participation and maximizing the use of local resources. Enormous