FINANCIAL STATEMENT: A TOOL FOR EVALUATING PERFORMANCE OF COMPANIES AND INVESTMENT DECISION WITH REFERENCE TO BEING AND BOWS NIGERIA LIMITED.

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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study
• Statement of problems
• Objective of the study
• Significance of the study
• Historical background of the firms under study

Note

 

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

• Financial information and its users
• The nature of financial accounting conventions
• The concepts and conventions
• Development of generally accepted accounting principles
• A review of working capital
• The contents of financial statement
• The statement of souces and application of fund
• The auditors report on financial statements
• Cash burgets
• Financial analysis
• Finaancial ratios
• Empirical studies on ratios as predictive of business
• Leverage in business

Notes

 

 

CHAPTER THREE

• RESEARCH METHOD AND DESIGN
• Sources of data collection
• Primary sources of data collection
• Secondary sources of data collection
• Data collection and procedures
• Analytical techniques
• Determination of sample size
• Validation of research instrument

 

CHAPTER FOUR

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

• The balance sheet of benix
• Analysis of financial statement of benix limited and its interpretation
• The balance sheet of bonus limited
• The profit and loss account of bonus limited
• Analysis of the financial statement of bonus limited and its interpretation
• Presentation and analysis of data

CHAPTER FIVE

• Summary findings, recommendation and conclusion

5.1     summary of findings

5.2     recommendation and conclusion

Bibliography

Vita

Questionnaire

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Recent researchers have been shown that one of the main causes of indigenous business failure in this country is failure to maintain proper financial records.  Many business have been operated with merely a single entry memorandum record of transactions and others with no records whatever, except possible cheque stubs.  As a result, business decisions are based on quesses and intruition. Ola (1985).

In todays economy information and accountability have assumed a larger role in our society.  This is why it is statutory company and allied matte decree (1990), for all registered companies in the country to prepare and present financial statements in accordance to the relevant accounting regulations.

Business organizations have to analyze their financial statements or accounts by way of interpretation, simplification and transaction of facts and data contained in the financial statement.

The essence of this is to draw relevant conclusions, make inference as to the business operations financial positions and future prospects of the organizations.

In the assessment of the performance of an organization, an imfortant area of management control is post factor assessment of financial results of the organization as a whole, that is the examination in retrospect of the financial effects of earlier decisions to invest.  Management must reoularly commit resources for both long term and short term purposes and because the commitment will always involve risk, or cargul assessment of the anticipated results of any project on the financial position should be made before a decision is taken, and before resources are irrevocably committed.

A periodic evaluation is needed, after resources have been invested, to report what has been achieved, to examine amount of the profit, or the extent of the loss, and to consider the effect of implementing the plan on the financial statement of the business, in particular to note whether financial stability has been maintained or alternatively the extent to which it has been impaired.  Information on all these aspect of the finances of the business is needed to permit management to assist the quality of past decisions at strategic level and the effectiveness with which they have been implemented.  Finally, it is important that informed base of financial knowledge should be developed from which future activities can be planned.

An important purpose of the appraisal of results is to confirm whether or not the project has produced the expected cash flow.

The main function of the financial account of a business however is to measure the results in terms of profitability and it is on the basis of success or failure measured in these terms that management will be juged.

In carrying out an analysis of accounts, a number of issues must be considered and conclusion formed thereon.

These includes:

1. Profitability of the business operation, particularly in relation to the capital employed.
2. Solvency of the firm: the ability of the business to pay its creditors, the adequacy of its working capital and the current liabilities.
3. the business trend: the analysis of the point term of business over a time to determine whether profit are rising or falling and the implication for future performance .
4. The financial stability of the business, particular attention being paid to the firm’s limit of borrowing power, available resources to finance expansion and the volume of earnings.
5. the gearing and the cover which is an assessment of the adequacy of profit to meet up with interest payments, pay dividends to share holders and provide sufficient safety to share holders investment.

 

• STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS:

In Nigeria today most business are facing hard times which is a reflection of the bad shape of the economy.  Government on its own has been making different efforts aimed at reviving the economy.  Among the government efforts are the encouragement  of the growth of small and medium term industries and also for people to invest in some of the public enterprises that have been stated for either full or partial privatization or commercialization.

Unfortunately, business cannot grow reasonably under a crude business practice as most business men and investors in our society are yet to understand the need for financial statements probably, this is one of the reasons why some businesses are operating without even a book-keeper not to talk of an accountant.  Decisions are taken based on intuition dereferences made only to their cash –box perhaps they feel that this is a way of safe wording their business secret.

Secondly is the problem of loan securing.  Most businesses operate with a very poor capital.  This makes growth difficult, if not impossible.  Instead of growing they are declining as the result of their poor capital base :& so as there is non-existent of financial statements, they are not qualified for bank loan.

Thirdly is the some investors and business operators can not understand the interpretation technique of the financial statements, because of this

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND THE PERFORMANCE OF THE NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE

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COMPLETE MATERIAL  COST  N2,500 Or $10.  FRESH  PROJECT MATERIAL  COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.

THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

1. INTRODUCTION
   1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The use of computer in business transaction is growing day by day and it is widely use. It is common in most part of the country and the world itself is becoming a global village. Information technology most especially in the area of computer and communication network has incorporated in most all aspect of business activities today. It has been found to be effective, efficient, fast and reliable.

Computers are fast and also easier to use that is why organizations have adopted the use of computers in business transaction. Nigerian stock exchange adopted the use of information technology by using computer in their day to day transaction, they also use internet in carrying out their transaction by communication with stakeholders globally.

The internet is basically a vast and ever increasing network of computers across the globe that is interconnected over existing telecommunication network. That is, it is a network or networks. World over the term of world internet has become a household thing. It is a mega tool in the world of information technology that has shattered the defensive barrier of time, space and language thereby compressing the world into a global village the services of the internet include electronic commerce, electronics banking, electronic library etc.

The Nigerian Stock exchange was incorporated in 1960 as the Lagos Exchange in December 1977, it becomes Nigerian Stock Exchange with branches established in some of the major commercial used of this technology in their day to day transaction because of the increase of customers, these technologies make their work fast and easier to operate.

Although, a lot has been done by organizations and companies in the field of information technology adequate attention has not been paid on the performance of Nigerian Stock Exchange in Yola Zonal Office to determine the impact of information technology and its implementation in business transaction towards enhancing service delivery. Some of these problems are inadequate information technology facilities like the need for more vaster internet portal to be procured and install to make it adequate. The present situation in which the offices have linked to Lagos to participate in trading everyday do not means well for the general progress of the exchange.

The research therefore aimed at taking a closer look at some of these facilities, its performance in business transaction and implementation in enhancing services delivery.

1. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

Computerization is a world phenomenon and is now taken for granted as an indispensable companion in financial structure of any independent and dependent organization. In Nigeria as a whole it is merely about Thirty-nine (39) years old one may wonder without computer as they have been doing before.

Looking generally at the operation of computer in the Nigerian Stock Exchange one could notice some problems of the computer section of the stock exchange.

The specialized nature of the job which involves staff with a high degree of skill in the computer field. The services rendered to customers are very poor and has to be improved because customers waste a lot of time before making a transaction manually, which is now lying in the hands of the section.

The computer section in the stock exchange is left the task of preparing the customer reports instead of leaving it to account department which lead to serious misunderstanding between the computer staff and account staff.

The manual data processing method in the Nigerian Stock Exchange has the following as its shortcomings.

1. The method involves much paper work
2. It is time consuming and tedious
3. There are always calculation errors
4. It waste customers valuable time

Customers file ca

INTERNAL AUDITING AS A TOOL OF CONTROL IN FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PARASTATALS

A CASE STUDY OF AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITALS ZARIA (ABUTH). INSTITUTE OF HEALTH ZARIA – NIGERIA.

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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

1. INTRODUCTION

In Nigeria, successive governments, since independence have set up autonomous organizations with legal independence and powers, having the initiative of private enterprises to carry on developmental activities of commercial or industrial nature. Thus, the emergence of Ahmadu Bello University teaching Hospitals with headquarters in Samaru Zaria is charged with the responsibility of accounting properly all financial activities undertaken by its management.

The need to institute both internal and external audit systems within organizations for efficient and effective financial monitoring, management and control was further necessitated by some prevalent economic pressure like the recession in the privatization and commercialization of most of government owned organizations, keen competition in the Nigerian business environment, the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP), Industrial unrest and the renewed call by the government through War Against Indiscipline and Corruption (WAI-C) foir financial prudence, action and accountability by government functions.

Internal auditing is of fundamental importance as an effective means of ensuring the reliability of internal records for information and use, through proper internal control systems within an organization without which such records will present chaos and the whole system may fail to succeed for lack of orderliness, accuracy, reliability of information, safety of its assets and the general security of records.

Effective internal control is necessary to be able to determine whether all transactions have been reflected within accounting record. It is therefore, important to recognize that the auditor concerns himself with internal control throughout the clients organization and not merely within the finance and supplies department alone. He ought to understand the organizational operations as a whole, ascertain and evaluate the whole system of control operating within the organizations. An important aspect about controls is the fat that it has to be timely otherwise the whole exercise will be futile.

The internal auditor helps management to achieve organizational objectives effectively through his report. Such reports have to contain express opinion of the auditor on the areas he undertakes to audit. The nature and extent of the internal control system and internal auditing, appropriate to anyone organization is the management’s responsibility and depends on the organizations typology and geographical distribution.

The importance of internal control for internal audit purposes will be appreciated most in an organization like the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospitals, whose activities are spread over various branches at different locations both within and outside Kaduna State.

 

1.1   STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

A problem represents an unhealthy organizational atmosphere or a puzzle a phenomenon, event or happening. Having defined a problem, an insight is given as to the major problems that could be said to bedevil the internal auditing and control systems in Ahamdu Bello University Teaching Hpsitals. As is the tradition with government parastatals and organizations, the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospitals have some of its problems as follows:

1. Lack of a good system if financial monitoring and control.
2. Lack of sufficient audit staff and other professional services to aid and effective audit conduct.

Lack of sufficient transport, financing

THE IMPACT OF PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING ON ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SECTOR  

(A CASE STUDY OF KADUNA POLYTECHNIC)

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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

For the purpose of fiscal accountability, there is first of all the auditor general whose position, powers, security of tenure; impartiality and independence are guaranteed by the constitution. It is his duty, through to regular auditing of accounts, to ensure that government department/parastatal and other public establishments spend funds appropriated for them in a proper manner, for the purpose for which the funds were appropriated and in accordance with government rules and regulations. He can surcharge offenders, refers cases of fraud and misappropriation to the policy and by yearly reports, left the legislature know how the funds that it had previously were appropriated and used.

Nigeria for the federal and state governments, are bodies known as the public accounts committees of which the auditor general duty is to scrutinize the accounts and establishment to question or examine those responsible and report to the legislature which appointed them. There is the legislature itself which are the sole sources of money supply for public, must scrutinize all elements of funds to carryout public service.

The budget sessions afford every sector effective:

1. Are the internal control measure adequate to ensure public accountability
2. What are impact of public accountability in Kaduna polytechnic
3. What problems likely to be encountered as regards to effectiveness and economy

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

More often than not, public state and reactions addressed to how government resources are managed accounted for in the public sector organization have left much to be desired such statements and reactions have unfolded many impressions. Bill before examining these impressions let us look at what Dr. Bamye Akipa of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria put together as public statement in the New Nigeria of Tuesday 25^th June 1991.

Occasionally one runs into statements either in the mass media or conversation in respect of public resources such as follows:

1. For all the taxes we are forced to what value we are getting for the money
2. Government should not have approved the location of that project there, it is nothing but a white elephant project
3. That contract price was unduly inflated

THE CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS OF AUDITING IN A COMPUTER ENVIRONMENT

(A Case Study Of Nigeria Mobile Telecommunication, Limited)

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COMPLETE MATERIAL  COST  N2,500 Or $10.  FRESH  PROJECT MATERIAL  COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.

THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

ABSTRACT

For any organization to function effectively and efficiently to achieve its desired goals and objectives, such an organization must have an efficient way of managing her daily operations, (Financial, Admin etc.). it is therefore a major corporate responsibility of the management to provide adequate measures which will facilitate the achievement of their set goals. This research work is aimed at determining the effect of audit in a computer environment. To buttress this point, Nigeria Mobile Telecommunication Limited (MTEL) Kaduna, is used as a case study. The auditing variables researched upon include financial and non  – financial variables. A sample size of 4 employees was drawn out of a research population of 37 members of staffs composed of managerial and non-managerial staff to answer the question in the question in the questionnaire administered to them. Also personal interview was conducted to supplement the information obtained from the questionnaires. However, in the course of the research, one hypothesis was used, “Computer Audit facilitate/enhance audit work,” the alternate hypothesis was accepted, while the null hypothesis was rejected, based on the data collected through the questionnaires administered and the proof of hypothesis. Based on the data collected and analyzed, the summarized fact were discovered that, the organization is aware of the positive effect of computer on the entire organization, yet computer audit in the account department are not still appreciated. Finally, I the researcher, recommend that the organization should not just know that computer audit facilitates/enhance audit work, but also adhere and apply it. When this is done it will enhance and facilitate accountability, gen1erally in the organization.

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0    Introduction        —      —      —      —      —      —      —      1

1.1    Historical Background of Mtel —      —      —      —      3

1.2The statement of the problem        —      —      —      —      4

1.3    Aims and Objectives of the Study   —      —      —      —      5

1.4    Significance of the Study       —      —      —      —      —      6

1.5    Hypothesis —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      7

1.6    Scope and Limitation    —      —      —      —      —      —      7

1.7    Definition of Term        —      —      —      —      —      —      8

 

CHAPTER TWO: (Literature Review)

2.0    Introduction        —      —      —      —      —      —      —      13

2.1    The Concepts of Auditing and Computer  —      —      —      13

2.2The Impart of Computers on Managers

And in a Business Organization       —      —      —      —      15

2.3Objectives of internal Control in a

Computerized Accounting System   —      —      —      —      17

2.4Weakness of the Tradition and Computer

Method of Auditing      —      —      —      —      —      —      24

2.5The Use of auditing trial in a business organization    —      29

2.6The Problem and benefit (Prospects)

Of Computer Auditing   —      —      —      —      —      —      33

 

CHAPTER THREE (Research Methodology)

3.0    Introduction        —      —      —      —      —      —      —      36

3.1    Research Design —      —      —      —      —      —      —      36

3.2    Area of the Study —      —      —      —      —      —      37

3.3    Research Population and Sample size      —      —      —      37

3.4    Instruments for Data Collection —   —      —      —      —      38

3.5    Validation/Reliability of Instrument —       —      —      —      38

3.6    Procedure for Data Collection —     —      —      —      —      39

3.7    Procedure for Data Analysis   —      —      —      —      —      39

 

CHAPTER FOUR (Data Presentation and Analysis)

4.0    Introduction        —      —      —      —      —      —      —      41

4.1    Presentation of Data    —      —      —      —      —      —      41

4.2    Data Analysis      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      46

4.3    Test of Hypothesis       —      —      —      —      —      —      46

4.4    Research Findings        —      —      —      —      —      —      47

 

CHAPTER FIVE (Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation)

5.0Introduction        —      —      —      —      —      —      —      49

5.1    Summary    —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      49

5.2    Conclusion —      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      50

5.3    Recommendation         —      —      —      —      —      —      51

Bibliography        —      —      —      —      —      —      —      53

Questionnaire      —      —      —      —      —      —      —      55

Area Office/CSC Organongram MTEL)      —      —      —      57

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

1. INTRODUCTION

Human being, either young, old, literate and illiterate are all product of their various environment i.e. the environment (internal or External) affects them either positively or negatively, even their work and inputs into anything, due to the rational and unpredictable nature of man, that makes them react to stimulants.

Before considering, the reaction towards auditing, auditing can be traced back to the ancient times where the receipts and payments of an estate or a manor were read to the lord or proprietor, or the head of a manor. It began more like a stewardship kind of dealings, where houses are entrusted into the hand of caretakers, who report to the landlord at the end of every month, etc. the origin of the word auditing is from a Latin word “Audire” (meaning to hear). At the beginning, the dealing was a kind of a sole – proprietorship business, since it involves a landlord and a steward/caretaker; but with industrial revolution, there was an increase in business transactions, which ushers in partnership, and other forms or types of business. Hence, financial transactions becomes much and the whole processes becomes complex and required more formal and improved accountability.

Considering the issue of audit reaction to the computer environment, it becomes proper to note that prior to the new era (computer) audit had already been in practice, though in a traditional/manual environment, as such, there are bound to be either challenges or prospects in the change to computer environment. This holds to the fact, that human beings react to changes in either positive or negative way, and they constitute the most important resources, in an organizational setup.

Over the years human beings had been used to a particular audit environments and it has become part of their routine work; so introduction of a new thing could and could not be a problem, irrespective of its future contribution, but as a result of human level of adoption to new things.

Hence, the starting point is how fast or slow, the organizations members of staff adopts to new policies, where this is in place, then the challenges and prospects can now be determined.

1.1   HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF M-TEL

From M–TEL’s NEW IMAGE. A presentation to new members of the Mtel family October 2003. Mtel was established in 1996, to run the operations of NITEL’S Total Access Communication System (TACS).

It was merged with NITEL in April 2001 and demerge on 1^st April, 2003. It has the vision of becoming, the number two mobiles operators in Nigeria in both consumer and business markets in five years, and have a reliable state of the art network infrastructure that meets the ever increasing demanding requirements of its customers and support a wide range of mobile voice and data service. Also, that its organization will have a “customer first” culture that is plainly visible by the respectful way it treats its customer and by the utmost care that is taken throughout the organization to maintain the promised service levels. And Mtel is aimed at achieving this vision through the telecommunication services it provides to the general public.

 

1.2   THE STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The audit problems with organization today can be dealt with from two broad perspective i.e. technological problem and historical problems.

 

This sense of the technical problem has to do with lack of technological know how. Since audit in a computer environment is a modern or contemporary way of audit, it entails a formal or an informal training on how to