SECURITY MARKET AS A SOURCE OF FINANCE FOR THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS IN NIGERIA.

 

 

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Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
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form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

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AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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ABSTRACT
developing the establishment and efficient operation of security market has come to be accepted as an important pre- requisite for rapid economic development.
The study is carried out through the use of library (textbook), newspapers and journals.
In chapter I (one) is the background of the study (introduction), statement of the problems, objective of the study, and significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, and reference.
In chapter ii (two) shows the overview of security market the study critically examines the extent to which security market has contributed to the economic development of the country, government intervention in form of policies and regulatory controls have contributed immensely to the development and expansion of the market.
In chapter iii (three) is the research design and methodology, method of data collection, secondary data location of data and tools of analysis.
In chapter iv (four) is the summary of findings and the general benefit of security market. Chapter v (five) is the recommendation and conclusion, bibliography.

 

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
1.3 STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVE
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.2 DEVELOPMENT OF SECURITY MARKET
2.3 THE NIGERIA MONEY MARKET
THE NIGERIA CAPITAL MARKET
2.4 MONEY MARKET VERSUS CAPITAL MARKET
2.5 SECURITY MARKET AS A MEDIUM FOR FINANCING THE PUBLIC SECTOR
2.6 LONG-TERM FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DOMESTICS FINANCE ANALYSIS
2.7 THE IMPACT OF THE SECOND- TIER SECURITY MARKET ON CAPITAL MARKET
2.8 EVALUATION OF SECURITY MARKET TOWARDS FINANCING THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS
2.9 PRIVATE SECTOR AND THE SECURITY MARKET IMPEDIMENTS OF CAPITAL MARKET IN FINANCING PRIVATE SECTOR.
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 RESEARCH DESIGN AND MENOLOGY
3.1 SOURCES OF DATA (SECONDARY DATA)
3.2 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION.
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 FINDINGS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 RECOMMENDATION AND
5.2 CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Security market or financial market in a broad sense is an institutions arrangement that facilitates the intermediation of funds in an economy. Financial intermediation means the mobilization of financial resources from surplus –spending unity and channeling of such funds to deficit –spending units for productive investment and generation of assets or securities exchange such as bonds and shares, which is approved by the exchange authorities. And as a market it acts as a meeting place or where sellers and buyers of financial resources come into contact.
It is also a financial market in which shares, bond debentures stock, treasury bill, treasury certificate, call money and other financial securities are exchanged provide a means through which firms and government raised long-term fund for business expansion and development projects through investors who own shares in business, firm for the eventual economic benefit of all members of all the society.
This market is segmented into two. The money market, which deals in short term funds, and the capital market, which is mainly for long-term, loan able funds. The reason for the distinction between money market and capital market is based on the degrees of liquidity of the instruments traded in. it can be sub-divided into primary market and secondary market. The primary market is that segment of the capital market where financial securities are first floated for subscription. Put differently, it is a market for the quotations of new issues of securities. Secondary market is a market where financial securities that have been fully subscribed and paid for, are offered for sale. In order words it is a market for the transfer of ownership of shares, debenture stock and bonds. In as much as the secondary market dose not has effect on the creation or allocation or newly created wealth (new issues), it still supports the primary market.
The market performs an economic function by facilitating the transfer of real economic resources from the lender to the borrowers. By the inducement of interest income, the market facilitates the transfer of purchasing power from the lenders to the investors who wish to exercise demand over real resources. As a real resources flow from the lenders to borrowers the production of goods and services is enhanced and consequently the welfare of the people is improved.
1.2 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
The major features of any financial market is its ability to provide the credit needs of both the private and public sectors which result to economic growth and development. The fundament characteristic of a sound financial system is the ability to finance credit needs which contributed to economic growth without injury to stability.
Though the market have provided the facilities for retaining

MEASURES TO COMBAT INFLATION IN NIGERIA

 

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ABSTRACT

Inflation has remained one of the economic predicaments especially in development nation, like our nation Nigeria.
This project was a through research into measures to combat inflation in Nigeria. It is to investigate the performance of they have contributed in the Nigeria economic.
The research used two distinct types of data collection instrument on the write up. Questionnaire and library research.
The findings of this study was based on the various anti inflation measures of the Nigeria government from 1961 to data and presented. Also an appraisal of the out turn of policy measure.

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
2.0 Webster’s new collegiate dictionary defined inflation as an increase in the volume of money and credit relative to available goods resulting in a substantial and contemning rise in the general price level. I may decide to defined inflation as an increase in purchasing power of money occasioned by an increase in the general price level. Following the Webster’s dictionary definition three things are worthy of note: it recognizes that inflation cannot occur unless;
(a) There is an increase in the volume of money and credit.
(b) This increase exceeds any rise in the available goods and service.
(c) It leads to a substantial and continuing rise in the general price level. if we grasp these three elements, we can understand that whole concept of inflation and they are very easy to grasp if we remember that:
I, this demand is on goods and services.
11, it is money and credit which make on demand effective and.
111, Economic theory tells us that demand increase, supply remains the same, and price rises. In the light of these basic considerations, we can define inflation as excess of demand over supply at current prices.

1.1, BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY.
Inflation as we now know, it began in Nigeria during and after the Nigeria civil war (that is from 1965 to 1970. before the war a bag of 500 cups of rice cost N14.00, the price went up to N43.00 immediately after the civil war in 1970. the price fell almost to its pre-war level seven years later in 1977, between 1973, and 1975, the price of a packet of st, Louise sugar rise from 20k to 55k, a loaf of bread from 10k to 20k. since 1978 price have been rising steadily and have become the concern of the government and the Nigeria people.
Finally, inflation has become a household world in Nigeria. It is no longer some stranger economic jargon to any student. there is handle any Nigeria citizen who dose not worry about rising prices and the high cost of living .

1.2, STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
There have been widespread complaints of customers not being fairly and conteously treated they approach manufacturer to benefit from numerous services.
This study will investigate the causes of inflation in Nigeria and also the measures used in controlling inflation.
Finally, this study will recommend some of solution or remedies to the inflation.

AN EVALUATION OF BANK FAILURE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA, AN OPTICAL APPRAISAL.

 

 

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Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
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form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

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AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

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CHAPTER ONE:
1.1 The background of the study
1.2 Statement of problems
1.3 Objective of study
1.4 Significance of study
1.5 Limitation of study
1.6 Definition of terms
1.7 Reference
CHAPTER TWO:
2.0 Review related to literauqe
2.1 Genesis of banking in nigeria
2.2 Type of banking in nigeria
2.3 Functions of banking
2.4 Similarities and diffrencies among banks
2.5 Role of bank in the economic development
2.6 The nigeria banking climate
2.7 Problems faced by bankas
2.8 The concept of banking faliure
2.9 Causes of banking failure
2.10 Indices of banking failure
2.11 Effect of bank failure
2.12 Reference.

CHATER THREE:
3.0 Research methodology
3.1 Source of secondary data
3.2 Method of analysis
3.3 Location of data
3.4 Reference

CHAPTER FOUR:

4.0 Findings
4.1 General discussion
4.2 Reference

CHAPTER FIVE:

5.0 Recommendation and conclusion
5.1 Recommendation
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Biography

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION:
Over the last couple of decades, the Nigeria financial system has grown remarkably. From the almost crude of it was characterized with in pre –colonial and colonial days. It has become so sophisticated toady that economic experts can proudly thumb their chests. With due regards to the ownership structure of the institution, the regulatory flame work, the instruments employed, and the number of established institution, Nigeria can be said to posses the most sophisticated financial system in Africa.

Within the Nigeria financial system itself, the banking system itself, the banking institution has been the most remarkable in growth. This is just as well in any case considering the critical position, which they occupy. In a complex financial position, which they occupy, in a complex financial position, which supplies the money and the credit, need of the economy.

The work bank and banker is neither used or define. In the central of Nigeria (CBN) degree NO 24 of the 1991 nor bank or other financial institutions decree (Bofio) No 25 of the 1991 2 of P5.115 of exchange act 1881 provides that bankers include a body of persons whether incorporated or not who carry out the business of banking. Section (1) of the evidence act define banks or bankers as any person or persons, partnership or company carrying on the business of banking.
Financially, the banking act of 1969 produces that bank means any person who carries out the business of banking and include commercial bank and an acceptance house. The role of banks is thus an important one in the process of economic development in the sense that they mobilize fund form the surplus spending and for the economy. In this way they increase the quantum of national saving and investments. Secondary though an appropriate investment multiplier. The volume of goods produced increase as a result of projects financed by bank funds, all of which lead to a successful promotion of an efficient system of payment. Creating banking habits development in the society and providing employment opportunities.

In view of this highlights, it become easily comprehensible why the failure of the bank has a far – reaching consequence.

The ability of a bank to operate successfully rest on how well they are able to obtained the confidence of the public. If that confidence is missing, the gap will be too great for the bank to fill. The effect of bank failure on the economic development of Nigeria can be express in a nut –shell to be the following;
Lack of effective and efficient financial intimidation:
Loss of public confidence in the system, further depression of the economic additional burdens on the regulatory authorities – education of the social vice for the sake of the citizenry and in the interest of economic development, there is an expedient need to device a host of remedying situations.

The fact that a bank fails today is not to say those incidences are not systematic. There must be a number of ways out of any predicament. The only crack is how effectively employed. Such remedy includes;

a) The cultivation of a stable political environment.
b) The strengthening of the regulatory agency
c) The taking over by regulatory bodies of all termnacy distressed banks.
d) Encouragement of banking education
e) Sincere pursuit by government of all economy and monetary policies
f) All regulation pertaining capital, adequacy, minimum paid up capital, requidity ratio and quality should be reviewed in relation to inflation rate.
g) Privatization and commercialization of

THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCEIAL INSTITUTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NIGERIA ECONOMY

 

 

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Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

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ABSTRACT
This study is an attempt to examine how international monetary fund (IMF) and the international Bank for Reconstruction and development (IBRD) played a critical role in the development of the Nigeria Economy.
The need of international Financial Institutions IMF, IBRD) is very imperative in the light of organizational objectives. The reasons for embarking on this research is therefore, to problem into the role of international financial institutions (IMF, IBRD) being implemented by the organization as well as projects related to agriculture Education, Industry etc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ON
1.0 BACKGROUND /INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE ROBLEM
1.2 PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION
2.2 THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF)
2.3 OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES
2.4 FUNDS BALANCE OF PAYMENT ADJUSTEMENT MECHANISM
2.5 NIGERIA AND THE IMF
2.6 IBRD AS A SOURCES OF FUND
2.7 NIGERIA AND THE IBRD
2.8 THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND(IMF) AND THE INTERANTIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
2.9 THE IMF MEMBERSHIP AND SOURCES OF FUND
2.10 THE IMF AS A FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY

CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 SOURCES OF DATA
3.2 LOCATION OF DATA
3.3 METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION
CHAPTER FOUR
FINDINGS

CHAPTER FIVE
RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1 RECOMMENDATIONS
5.2 CONCLUSION

CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
INTRODUCTION
The financial Institutions are essential agents in the development of an economy. They engage in financial inter-mediation, which provides the needed financial resources to the various sections of the economy where they are required for purposes of development. These institutions because of the vital role the play in the economy are regarded key agents in the economic development process of every cation both the developing and the developed economics.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
In our country (Nigerian) to day, there are various roles expected of the international financial institutions to enhance the development of the Nigeria Economy. The institution are the international monetary fund (IMF) international for reconstruction and development (IBRD) etc. The international monetary fund (imf) the role expected from imf.
To promote international monetary co-operation through permanent institution which provides machinery for consultation and collaboration in international money problems.
To facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international trade, and to con

BUSINESS FAILURE AND ACCOUNTS PROFESSION IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

 

          The Nigeria economy within the first half of this century experienced quite a lot of business failure. Business failure can be defined as the inability of a particular business enterprise to continue to function as a going concern this development has started generating anxiety by both international and local investors in arriving at investment decision.

          However, the task of identifying the root causes of corporate collapse in what this study seeks after. This study is carried out at ensuring a survival dosage of business in Enugu through the use of accounting profession (auditing) to appraise operational performance.

          Some of the causes of business failure includes mismanagement, bribery and corruption, and poor remuneration etc. The brain behind the failure of business in the political under tune in the appointment and selection of key officer to management positions.

Based on the findings in this study, the following conclusion were drawn, mismanagement mode of appointment and selection of key officers, poor coordinated management device, government interference and privatization and commercialization programme.

          Finally, it is recommended that business should appreciated the importance of audit as a tool of evaluating performance, appointment of board of directors and top management officers should be based on skill, experience and qualification and government should also institute its commercialization and privatization programme in place etc.

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction
  • Objective of the Study
  • Statement of Problems
  • Significant of The Study
  • Hypothesis Formulation
  • Scope of the Study
  • Limitation of the Study
  • Definition of Terms

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Review of Related Literatures

• Introduction
• The Going Concern Concept Of Business

2.2.1. Definition of Business

2.2.2. Forms of Business

• Importance of Business
• When A Business is Not Going Concern
• When A Business May Not A Going Concern

• Symptoms of Imminent Business Failures
• Nature And Causes of Business Failures
• The Development of Accounting Profession (Auditing)
  • Definition of Auditing
  • Types of Audit
  • Importance of Auditing
  • The Auditor And The Danger of Self Fulfilling Prophesy
  • The Audit Committee

2.5.5.1. Nature of Audit Committee

2.5.5.2 Composition of Audit Committees

2.5.5.3 Functions of Audit Committee

2.5.5.4. Qualification of Audit Committee Members

2.5.5.5. Size of Audit Committee

2.5.5.6. Size Committee Relationship with Management

2.5.5.7. Audit Committee and tThe External Auditor

2.6     The Effect of Business Failures on a Depressed Economy.

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Research Design and Methodology

• Introduction
• Research Design
• Sampling Techniques
• Questionnaire Design
• Data Collection Techniques
• Questionnaire Distribution and Collection.

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     Data Presentation and Analysis

4.1     Introduction

4.2     Data Presentation

4.3     Test of Hypothesis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1     Discussion of Findings

5.2     Summary of Findings

5.3     Conclusion

5.4     Recommendation

5.5     Suggestion for Further Studies

Bibliography

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

 

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The Nigeria economy within the first half of this century (20^th century, 1901 – 2000) experienced quite a lot of business failures. There was a rapid growth in the number of indigenous companies in the country, but these companies collapsed with the same rapidity with which they were established.

Business failures are actually one of the most difficult and complex concern faced by investors in the equity market or the stock exchange market in the recent times. Even with the best of strategic cooperate planning, business failure are still a common occurrence. Business failure can be defined as the inability of a particular business enterprise to continue to function as a going concern. The going concern concept presumed that an enterprise will continue in operation for the foreseeable future and that there is neither the necessity nor the intention to liquidate

In general it was gathered that some of the causes of business failure includes:

1. Lack of capital (inadequate capitalization)
2. Inefficient management
3. Poor remuneration packages
4. Inadequate accounting records
5. Unprofitable expansion (premature expansion)
6. Mode of appointment of chief executives etc.
7. Lack of feasibility study report.

Given the divesting effect of business ailments, it become necessary to undertake a research into the problems and failures of business life as well as making suggestion on ways of ameliorating their adverse effects.

According profession (Auditing) is one of the effective tool of evaluating and predicting business failures. Auditing is a process carried out by suitable qualified auditing) where by the accounts of business entities, including limited companies characterize, trusts and professional firms are subjected to scrutiny in such details as will enable the auditors to form an opinion as to their truth and fairness (Emile W. 1997)

So many parties such as creditors, investors owners, the firm itself and the government etc. are interested with the present and expected future earning and the stability of these earning, and financially business as a good concern. Therefore they need accounting profession to evaluate and compare the profitability as well as to predict the survival of the business.

Therefore, this study seeks to use statistical tools to appraise and predict corporate failure with the aim of putting into place an integrated framework on the subject.

 

1.2     OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

It has been argued in recent times that the monetary value of corporate failures is of colossal notation which could faster economic growth. Therefore the following are the main aim of this study

1. To know why business are failing.
2. Investigate whether government policies and actions affect operational performance

iii. Do business rely on accounting profession (Auditing) as tool for their performance

1. Identify and analyze strategic corporate plans adopted byh business.
2. Assess the preparedness of companies to respond to remedial dosage of companies corporate objectives

 

1.3     STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

Problem is a phenomenon occurring in most, if not all area of human endeavor. The existence of problem call for the finding of solution aimed at obviating such problems. The seriousness and urgency of solution to problems are largely dependent on the threat posed to problems. However, some problems appears to defy certain worked out solution to them. Such a situation demands a close examination of the issues involved.

1. Why are business failures on the increase in Enugu
2. Why do auditors qualify their reports when such are failing
3. How effective are Accounting profession (auditing0 they use in the measurement of their business
4. To what extent has this failures affected the economy
5. To what extend do companies rely on accounting profession (Auditing) as a tool for their performances.
6. What is the remedial dosage needed by these failure concer.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Obviously candidates who are undertaking a study of business failures are likely to encounter similar problems. Accordingly, this study examines business failures in companies identifying problems and stating visible suggestion that will be useful to corporate bodies and any establishment with survival strategies in a period of economic depression.

Apart from the research workers, government agencies will also benefit immensely from this study.

 

HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION

Hypothesis I

Ho:    Business failure are not as a result of inadequate accounting records.

Hi:     Business failures are as a result of inadequate accounting records.

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THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

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