Category Archives: Banking And Finance Project MateriaLS PREVIEW

we provide best Banking and Finance Project Topics and Materials in Nigeria,Banking and Finance Project Topics and materials in Nigeria

Banking And Finance Project MateriaLS PREVIEW

A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE SURVIVAL STRATEGIES OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN A DEPRESSED ECONOMY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC

A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE SURVIVAL STRATEGIES OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN A DEPRESSED ECONOMY WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE FIRST BANK OF NIGERIA PLC

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 2500 NAIRA OR $10 , WITH THE SOFTWARE 30,000 NAIRA

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

ABSTRACT

Banking is in the midst of change that has arisen due to economic depression. As government seek to improve economic efficiency and better allocation of resources to solve the problem of economic depression, policy makers are shifting towards openness, competitiveness and market discipline. In response to the developments, Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria engaged in financial sanitizing, management strengthening, corporate refocusing, Business Process Reengineering (BPR), mergers and acquisitions in order to survive the depressed economy. This whole process is called survival strategies through corporate restructurings.

The writer made efforts to discuss issues, facts and environmental factors surrounding the wave of deposit money banks’ survival in a depressed economy like Nigeria. The impact of this research in banks was gleaned from five performance indicators namely total assets, total deposits, loans and advances, profit before tax and shareholders’ funds, of First Bank of Nigeria Plc. The research looked at the position of these indicators before and after the sanitizing exercise undertaken by the banks for survival and also, its impact on the entire banking system bearing in mind the effect of globalization on the financial market in particular and the economy at large.

Chapter four shows the presentation and analysis of First Bank’s financial statement with the use of chart, tables, bar chart and graph.

Chapter five summarizes all that was discussed from chapter one to four and gave suggestions on how deposit money banks can survive in a depressed economy.

Finally, this researcher leaves this work open to constructive criticisms and expects future scholars to delve into further research and improve on this work.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the Study           –         –         –         –         1

1.2     Statement of the Problem –         –         –         –         9

1.3     Objectives of the Study    –         –         –         –        11

1.4     Research Questions          –         –         –         –         12

1.5     Scope of the Study –         –         –         –         –         12

1.6     Significance of the Study –         –         –         –         13

1.7     Limitations of the Study –         –         –         –         14

1.8     Definition of Terms         –         –         –         –         15

CHAPTER TWO:

  1. Review of Related Literature      –         –         –         1

2.1     Issues in Bank Survival   –         –         –         –         17

2.2     An Overview of the Operating Environment for

Nigerian Deposit Money Banks –         –         –         19

  1. The Macro-Economic Environment     –         –         20
  2. Industry Environment      –         –         –         –         29
  3. The Regulatory Environment/Legal Framework –    32
  4. The Business Process Re-Engineering (BPR) Option –      –           35
    1. Origin and Meaning of the BPR Concept       –         –         –              35
    2. Fundamental Breakthrough Required for Reengineering

Services in Banks –         –         –         –         –         –         –         –     36

  1. Key and Methodology for Carrying Out a BPR Project in Banks  42
  2. The Role of BPR in the Survival and Sanitizing of the Nigerian

Deposit Money Banks     –         –         –         –         –         –           47

  1. Positive Effects of BPR To the Banking Sector       –         –         50
  2. The Merger and Acquisition Option    –         –         –         –         52
    1. Meaning of the Concept Merger and Acquisition     –         –         52
    2. Legal Issues in Merger and Acquisition         –         –         –         55
  3. Synergy: An Efficiency Indicator in Bank Sanitizing –      –         56
  4. Nature of Deposit Money Bank in Nigeria     –         –         –         59
  5. A Historical Overview of First Bank of Nigeria Plc –         –         60
  6. Depressed Economy        –         –         –         –         –         –         62
    1. Causes of Economic Depression –       –         –         –         –         63

CHAPTER THREE:

  1. Research Methodology –  –         –         –         –         –         –         65

3.1     Research Method   –         –         –         –         –         –         –         65

3.2     Determination of Population size of the Study         –         –         65

3.3     Determination of Sample size    –         –         –         –         –         67

3.4     Method of Data Collection         –         –         –         –         –         68

3.5     Method of Data Analysis/Interpretations        –         –         –         69

CHAPTER FOUR

  1. Data Presentation and Analysis- –         –         –         –        71

4.1     Financial Statement of First Bank

Plc for the Month ended 31st March    –         –         –        –         71

4.2      Analysis of Total Assets –         –         –         –         –        –          73

4.3     Analysis of Total Deposits-       –         –         –         –        –          77

4.4     Analysis of Loans and Advances-       –         –         –        –         80

4.5     Analysis of Profit Before Tax    –          –         –          –        –        86

4.6     Analysis of Shareholders’ Funds-        –         –            –        –       89

CHAPTER FIVE

  1. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation-          –         –       93

5.1     Summary –   –         –         –         –         –         –         –             –     93

5.1.1  Total Assets –         –         –         –         –         –         –              –    93

5.1.2  Total Deposits        –         –         –         –         –         –              –    93

5.1.3  Loans and Advances        –         –         –         –         –               –   94

5.1.4  Profit Before Tax (PBT)  –         –         –         –         –               –   95

5.1.5  Shareholders’ Funds        –         –         –         –         –               –   95

5.2     Conclusion –         –         –         –         –         –         –            –     96

5.3     Recommendation    –        –         –         –         –         –         –         96

 

Bibliography –         –        –         –        –         –         –         –         99

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Nigerian economy is faced with national and global economic challenges and as such, the financial institutions, especially the banking sector has an option of sanitizing and restructuring its operational processes in order to survive the depressed economy, as well as embarking on a consolidation exercise which would have some wider structural effects on the industry and on the economy as a whole.

Basically, banking is a service industry operated by human beings for the benefit of the general public while making returns to the shareholders.  As such, it is natural that the services provided thereof by the industry cannot be 100% efficient; however, there is always a room for improvement.  It is on this statement that the index of our further discussion on this study is based.

The banking sector in the third world economies has been grossly under managed when compared with their counterparts in the developed countries of the world.  This has made it imperative for Nigerian banks to sanitize and restructure their operational processes so as to be in line with the global trends, and to survive the depressed economy.

Before the introduction of Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) in 1986, the banking sector was characterized by few banks.   The operators of these banks had almost total control of the business of banking as customers had to look for their services which most of the times were of poor quality.  The managers, because of the pressure to provide banking services, had little time to market their bank services or design new products to improve their customers’ service and at the same time, they received changes based on the approved tariff.  Competition was minimal and customers could spend long hours trying to obtain service in the banking hall due to long queues.

The quality of the bank staff was poor.  They were rude to their customers and most of the time; they felt they were doing a favour to their customers.  As at that time, no Nigerian bank had neither a simple computer nor a network of computers for online banking.  In the area of credit appraisal,  Ezeikpe (1993) observed that they were two conservative in extending credit facilities.  The system was highly under banked while the payment mechanism was filled with imperfection such that locally drawn cheques took more than one week to clear.

However, with the introduction of Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) and its policy of deregulation and liberalization, some structural reforms were ushered into the banking sector.  By this policy, direct management and rigid controls in banking and security business by the government were de-emphasized for a broad based and private sector driven process.  Laws inhibiting competition were removed to ensure that banks are reasonably sound, competitive and efficient.

The traditional reforms were aimed towards achieving the following objectives:

1.       A strategy for competition.

2.       A sound organizational structure and effective management to support the strategy.

3.       To ensure management of critical financial and operating risks in banking.

4.       A system for planning, budgeting and measuring performance.

5.       Entrenching a programme for human

Banking And Finance Project MateriaLS PREVIEW

CREDIT MANAGEMENT AND THE INCIDENCE OF BAD DEBT IN NIGERIA MONEY-DEPOSIT BANKS

CREDIT MANAGEMENT AND THE INCIDENCE OF BAD DEBT IN   NIGERIA MONEY-DEPOSIT BANKS. (A CASE STUDY OF UNION BANK OF NIGERIA PLC)

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 2500 NAIRA OR $10 , WITH THE SOFTWARE 30,000 NAIRA

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

ABSTRACT

This research work was undertaken to assess the credit management and the incidence of Bad debts in Money-Deposit Banks.This work was intended to achieve the following objectives: to appraise and determine the lending procedure of banks, to highlight the extent to which improper project evaluation influence  bad debt of Money-Deposit Banks. Relevant data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire was the main primary data collected instrument employed while data from various relevant publications constituted the sources of secondary data. Upon the analysis of data, the following conclusions were drawn; that sound lending requires a clear-well articulated and easy accessible policy document which spells out the philosophy of lending. On the basis of the above findings, it was recommended that banks should ensure that loans given out to customers should be backed by adequate collateral security. Finally, it is the opinion of the researcher that the management of the Money-Deposit Banks should prevent the incidence of bad debts in Nigerian Banks.

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1    Background of the study                                                                        1

1.2    Statement of the problems                                                                      2

1.3    Purpose̸ Objective of the study                                                               3

1.4    Research Questions                                                                                 4

1.5    Research Hypothesis                                                                              5

1.6   Significant of the study                                                                          6

1.7    Scope of the study                                                                                  7

1.8    Limitations of the Study                                                                        8

1.9   Definition of terms                                                                                 9

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1     Theoretical Framework                                                                        9

2.2     Government control over credits                                                         23

2.3     Credit Administration in Union  bank of Nigeria plc                            26

2.4     Lending and Credit Analysis                                                                 29

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1      Research Methodology                                                                               36

3.2     Research Design                                                                                           36                                                                                                                                                  3.3      Area of Study                                                                                               36

3.4     Population for the Study                                                                                36

3.5     Sample Size Used                                                                                     36

3.6    Instrument For Data Collection                                                                38

3.7    Validation of the instrument                                                                    39

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1    Data presentation and summary of findings                                              41

4.2   Provision and Analysis of Data Question                                                   46

4.3  Test of Hypothesis                                                                                      51

CHAPTER FIVE:  SUMMARY OF FINDINGS,

RECOMMENDATIONS,CONCLUSION.

5.1  Summary of Findings                                                                                       59

5.2  Recommendations                                                                                            60

5.3  Conclusion                                                                                                        62

Appendix                                                                                                                 64

Bibliography                                                                                                             66

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In a modern economy,there is distinction between the surplus economic units and the deficit economic units and inconsequence a separation of the savings investment mechanism.This has necessitated the existence of financial institution whose jobs include the transfer of  funds from savers to investors.one of such institution is the money deposits banks,the intermediating roles of the money-deposit banks places them in a position of “trustees´´ of  the saving of the widely dispersed surplus economic units as well as the determinant of the rate and shape of the economic development.The techniques employed by bankers in this intermediary function should provide them with perfect knowledge  of the outcomes of lending such that funds will be allocated to investments  in which the probability  of full payment is certain.However,in practise no such tool can be found in the decision of the lending banker.Virtually all lending decisions are made under creditors on uncertainty.The risk and uncertainty associated with lending decision, situation are so great that the concepts of risk and risk analysis need to  be employed by lending bankers in order to facilitate sound decision-making and judgement.This statement implies that if risks are to be objectively assessed,lending decisions by the money-deposit banks should be based less on quantitative data and more on principles too subjective to provide sound and unbiased judgement.Furthermore,the banks depend heavily on historical information as a basis for decision making.

Apparently aware of the inadequacies of his decisions base,the lending banker has often sought solace in tangible and marketable assets as security giving the impression that lending against such securities is an insurance against bad debts.this makes the banker complacent with  his loan portfolio.The increasing trend of provisions for bad and doubtful debts in most money-deposit banks is a major source of concern not only to management but also to the shareholders who are becoming more aware of the dangers posed by these debts.Bad debts destroy part  of the earning assets of banks such as loans and advances which  have  been described as the main source of earning and also determines the liquidity  and solvency which generate two major  problems, That is profitability and liquidity, has to earn sufficient income  to meet its operating costs and to have adequate return on its investments.

1.2    STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

The problem for this study is to appraise the lending and credit management policies of a typical Money-deposit bank(the Union bank of Nigeria Plc) with a view  of finding the causes,consequences  of bad debts in banks.Year after year,banks suffer much from the part of full loan extended which has  for one reason or the other proved unrecoverable.Banks lose millions of Naira in various  bad debts yearly and despite efforts by bank management, committee of chief inspectors and the bankers committee on the other hand,the wave of bad debts in banks is still on alarming proportion.This is gathered from a combination of literature reviews on the topic.

On the other hand,many banks experienced a lot of bad debts when the new government abandoned the

Banking And Finance Project MateriaLS PREVIEW

APPRAISAL OF THE ECONOMIC IMPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC BANKING IN NIGERIA BANKS

APPRAISAL OF THE ECONOMIC IMPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC BANKING IN NIGERIA BANKS (A CASE STUDY OF DIAMOND BANK)

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 2500 NAIRA OR $10 , WITH THE SOFTWARE 30,000 NAIRA

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

                        Before the emergence of modern banking system, banking operation was manually done which lead to a slow down in settlement of transactions. This manual system involves posting transactions from one ledger to another which human handles. Figures or counting of money which should be done through computers or electronic machine were computed and counted manually which were not 100% accurate thereby resulting to human errors. Most bank then use only one computer in carrying out transactions which ameliorate the sluggish nature of banking transaction.

Nigeria do not embrace electronic banking early compared to developed countries. Nigeria adopted electronic banking system in the early 2000s.  During the introduction of electronic banking system, the use of raw cash was said to have bred corruption through the “cash and carry syndrome” usually linked with the swift movement of Ghana-must go” bags by some politicians. Such bags as some analyst say, are a major source of corrupt practices as dubious persons seeks to bribe their way to avoid been checked in some sensitive areas or places in a corrupt society.

Since electronic banking started in all Nigeria banks, it has been a woe for civil servants; checks show that some staff in establishments such as the national boundary commission for instance, are yet to receive their salaries for the previous months as efforts to electrically transfer salaries into their account have failed according to Ibrahim, D. (2009).

“One bank will tell you it has transferred your salaries but the supposed recipient bank will tell you it has not received anything leaving you even more confused”, says John, I. (2009). Olekah, J. (2009) while acknowledging the initial hiccups that dogged the system, advises stakeholders against being discouraged as such “teething problems” are normal.

James, A. (2009) a banker reported to vanguard annual report that “we should not destroy electronic-banking by looking at the negative aspects, we must strive towards perfecting it”. James, A. (2009) also says that the volume of data generated by the Government ministry Agencies is much making it a bit difficult for banks to cope, Mathew S. (2009) a worker says in his report to vanguard annual report on banks and cards that government should have done its home work “very well” before introducing the system, “they plugged us into a system they were not prepared for and the result is untold hardship visited on innocent people”.

At this juncture, is good to know what e-banking is all about.

According to Anyawaokoro, M. (1999). Electronic banking is defined as the application of computer technology to banking especially the payment (deposit transfer) aspects of banking. He also defined electronic banking as a system of banking with an electronic communication network which permits on-line processing of the same day credit and debit transfers of funds between member institutions of a clearing system.

According to Clive, W. (2007) in his Academic dictionary of banking, electronic banking is defined as a form of banking in which funds are transferred through an exchange of electronic signals between financial institutions, rather than an exchange of cash, cheques or other negotiable instruments.

According to Omotayo, G. (2007) defines electronic banking as a system in which funds are moved between different accounts using computerized on line/real time systems without the use of written cheques.

According to Edit, O. (2008) in international Journal of investment and finance, electronic banking is defined as a system by which transactions are settled electronically with the use of electronic gadgets such as ATMs, POS terminals, GSM phones, and V-cards e.t.c. handled by e-holders, bank customers, and stake holders.

 

1.2       STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

                        As earlier pointed out, there is delay in payment of cheques which lead to the adoption of electronic banking system. Adoption of electronic banking which suppose to ease banking transactions rather resulted to woes to customer. Most people complain of time wasted in banks. This occurs when there is power failure in banks resulting to slow down in operation.

Another problem that emerged was that banks do not have information backup to fall back on should there be any computer break down.

                        In investing in electronic banking, the country will need a large amount of financial resources in computer technology, obviously, the resource is in short supply in Nigeria, couple with high level of poverty. For an efficient functioning of electronic payment system, there must be availability of infrastructural facilities such as electricity and telecommunication network, 

Banking And Finance Project MateriaLS PREVIEW

THE EFFECT OF FRAUD ON CONSUMERS SATISFACTION IN GUARANTEE TRUST BANK

THE EFFECT OF FRAUD ON CONSUMERS SATISFACTION IN GUARANTEE TRUST BANK, KANO ROAD BRANCH, KADUNA

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 2500 NAIRA OR $10 , WITH THE SOFTWARE 30,000 NAIRA

. A FRESH TOPIC NOT LISTED ON OUR WEBSITE COST 50,000 NAIRA ( UNDERGRADUATE) OR 100,000 FOR SECOND DEGREE STUDENTS. $500. PLUS  FREE SUPPORT UNTIL YOU FINISH YOUR PROJECT WORK. CONTACT US TODAY, WE MAKE A DIFFERENT. DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.  DESIGN AND WRITING IS OUR SKILLED.

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

 

ABSTRACT
The theme of the study is “The Effect of Fraud on the Consumers Satisfaction in Guarantee Trust Bank Plc” and it is concerned with digging the root causes and analysis of fraudulent activities that occur in Guarantee Trust Bank, its effect on both the customers and the bank and the possible solutions to this menace. The study reveal that the total amount involved in report fraud cases are reducing while actual loss is rising at an alarming rate. The research also revealed that crucial to fraud prevention is the presence of an effective management control system that must be vibrant and flexible. Questionnaires were the main research instrument used in this project, management staff and key customers were the respondents. The finding revealed that fraud has negative effect on banks and customers. It came out that management staffs were not significantly different in their opinion about the effects of fraud. Finally, the study made useful recommendation that would usher combined efforts by all parties in fraud prevention to practically minimize the incidence of fraud in banks. It is recommended that a forum where bankers and all other stakeholders in banking sector could meet to educate one another on the activities of fraudsters is very much desirable. It is also commended, that internal control measures against fraud should be streamlined and evaluated periodically for maximum effectiveness.

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
The importance of the banking industry in the Nigerian economy cannot be overemphasized. Banks have been credited with an enable image of being an important source of capital for the development of the economy. This recognition drives largely from an assumed role of most banking institution in mobilizing various deposits channeling them towards profitable investment outlets. To the extent of the size, type and level of such investment along with other complementary factors that contribute to the nation’s economic development. Banking system therefore has been seen as an agent of economic growth and perhaps economic development.
However, having known the importance of banking industry to the economic development, there exist various factors that restrain the effective functioning of the banking industry the world over. Among these factors is fraudulent activities that is seen to affect almost every bank world over. An important characteristic of fraud is the intent of doing wrong. Thus, fraud could be an intentional distortion of financial statement and misappropriation which involves the act of criminal deception to obtain unjust or illegal advance for which the penalty may be severe, but it also has a wide implication in law relating to. There is general consensus that fraud is caused by three acronyms called “WOE” i.e. Will, Opportunity and Exit. The will to commit fraud is the individual, opportunity to execute the fraud and exit which is the escape from sanction. However bank fraud may be caused by numerous factors – among which are:
• Absence of detailed, manual and poor internal control;
• Inadequate training and retaining bad management;
• Poor bookkeeping and inadequate job rotation;
• The poor e-banking system through internet facilities;
One of the prime means of fraud in our banks today is internet fraud. Some of the frauds are the handwork of outsiders, others are perpetrated by the and sometimes management of the bank concerned. The most significant percentage of fraud is done by the fraudsters in collaboration with bank staff. As a result of this very serious economic crime, some staff in the industry is either being dismissed or their appointment terminated or prematurely retired.
In the banking industry, fraud is the number one the business world. No company is immune to fraud. It is in all workers of life in the government. In insurance, in export trade, the banking everywhere special organization have been formed to combat it, and international police commission tries to deal with it at international level but it has not and cannot be eradicated. It is waxing in strength, it is an expanding industry. However, the researcher was able to lay hands on some commendable write-ups on the 1998 Nigerian Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) annual report on fraud and forgery cases in commercial banks. However, the number of reported fraud cases increased by about 20 percent from its 17 in 1997 to 564 in 1998 on the other hand the total amount involved in reported loses in 1998 reduced to N3,129.11 million from N3,590.31 million in 1997 though the actual 1 expected loss stop at a higher lecel of N673.5 in relative to N224.54 million in 1997 according to write ups on fraud by the Central Bank of Nigeria – the common forms of fraud are organization fraud, confidence schemes (a.k.a 419) and occupation fraud (management employee, computer, procurement and financial reporting fraud). The smooth of the underworld who are principally involved in bank fraud are always ahead of the bank planning, and it is difficult to predict when and how they would strike. They are people whose Intelligent Quotient (IQ) is much higher than the average banker. The fraudsters think and act fast because that is the stock in trade.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Frauds in financial institutions vary widely in nature, character are method of perpetration in general, it may be classified into two ways: (i) Perpetration (ii) method used on the basis of perpetrations there are three broad categories, internal, and mix. Internal perpetration of fraud are related to those committed by members of staff (insiders). External perpetration are those committed by non-staff while mixed fraud involved outsiders colluding with staff (insiders).
The most important and common types of fraud highlighted by bank Administration Institute (1989) in fraud prevention and detection series are discussed below:
a) Advance Fee Fraud (419): This involves agent approaching a bank, a company or an individual with an offer to access large fund at below market interest rates often for long term. The purposed source of such funds is not specifically identified as the only way to have access is through the agent who must receive a fee or commission “in advance”.
b) Cheque Kiting: Kiting is defined by the US Comptroller of the Currency’s Policy. Guidelines for National Bank Directors as “method whereby a depositor utilize the time required for cheque to clear to obtain an authorized loan without interest charge”.
c) Account – Opening Fraud: This usually starts when a person might use the account within a short period.
d) Money Transfer Fraud: Fraudulent money transfer may result from a request created solely for the purpose of committing a fraud or the alteration of a genuine funds transfer request. A genuine request can be altered by changing the beneficiary’s name or account number or changing the amount of the transfer. These day “yahoo boys: the name given to scammers in Nigeria that send fake emails to would-be victims asking them to apply for fake contracts or fake lottery thereby winning non-existing money from a dead billionnaire’s account in different part of the world. They connive with fraudulent bankers in the Western Union department to withdraw their ill-gotten hard currencies or without the knowledge of the bank as regard to the authenticity of the beneficiary.

Accounting Project Topics and Materials Preview, Banking And Finance Project MateriaLS PREVIEW

An EXAMINATION OF THE SOURCE AND USES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT FUND IN NIGERIA (2000-2004) (A CASE STUDY OF EZEAGU CENTRAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL).

Leave a comment

An EXAMINATION OF THE SOURCE AND USES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT FUND IN NIGERIA (2000-2004) (A CASE STUDY OF EZEAGU CENTRAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL).

ABSTRACT

Local government is that level of government nearest to the people. It is said to be corner stone of the government system in any country.

The federal government believes that it is only through an effective local government system that the human and material resources of the nation could be mobilized for local government with its objectives is aimed at standard and stabilizing the function and financial resources at the local government level and to encourage initiatives and leadership potential.

The basic procedure of local government is revenue mobilization and its effective utilization especially more that there is no comprehensive study on sources and uses of funds in the local government.

 

The current trends of inefficiency and ineffectiveness of the local authorities should be considered with the frame work of available resources.

If the financial resources of the local of the local government are boughant and viable than this will go a long way in communicating strength and solidity to offer superstructure of government authorities.

CHAPTER ONE

  • BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY
  • STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
  • OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
  • RESEARCH QUESTIONS
  • STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
  • SIGIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
  • DEFINITION OF TERMS

 

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

  • THE MEANING OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
  • FUNCTIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
  • SOURCES OF REVENUE AVALIABLE TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES
    • EXTERNAL ATTRIBUTES OF LOCAL LGOVERNMENT FINANCE
  • THE IMPORTANCE/USES OF REVENUE GENERATED BY LOCAL GOVERNMENT
  • PROBLEMS OF LOCAL GOVRNMENT FINANCE APPROACHES OF THE IMPROVEMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE.

There are no discipline on the part of the leadership, management and staff of the local government in collecting revenue efficiently and also try to put them into effective use.

 

In the tight of the above, the researcher major objectives as regards this research work was to identity those source of finance available to local government, their uses and problem associated with their finance in Nigeria using Ezeagu central Local government development Council ad my case study.

The problem associated with sources, uses of local government finance was critically examine in this project.

In handling the above research work primary and secondary data was used. The sources of primary data was by the use of questionnaires and oral interviews, while the secondary data sources are text books.

The analysis of data was based on percentages. It is on the strength of the finding that recommendation and conclusion was made.

CHAPTER THREE

  • RESEARCH SESIGN AND METHOD ————————————
    • SOURCE OF DATA ———————————————————

3.1.1  PRIMARY DATA         ————————————————————

3.1.2  SECONDARY DATA ——————————————————–

3.2     POPULATION OF STUDY ————————————————-

3.2     INSTRUMENTATION ——————————————————-

3.4     SAMPLE SIZE —————————————————————–

3.5     VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE MEAUSRING INSRUMENT  —————————————————————–

3.6     SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0     PRESENTATION OF DATA ————————————————

41      INTERPRETATION AND ANYALYSIS OF DATA ——————-

4.2     TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS ———————————————–

 

CHAPTER FIVE

FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION.

 

An examination of the sources and uses of local government fund in Nigeria

(200 – 2004). A case study of Ezeagu Central Local Government Development council).

 

Proposal

Local government is that level of government nearest to the people. It is said to be the cornerstone government system in any country.

 

The basic objective underlying this study or this research work was to identify those sources of finance available to the grassroot government, their uses and problems associated with local government finance in Nigeria using Ezeagu central local government development council as my case study.

 

This research has been structural into five chapters to make for easy reading and comprehension.

 

The author, dealt with the bank ground of the research work which gives an overview of the basic procedure of local government revenue mobilization and its effective utilization.

She went further to the review of related literature the author lay hands on various Journals news paper, write various view as regard the sources and uses of local government fund in Nigeria. It also consider the current trend of inefficiency and ineffectiveness of local authorities.

 

Chapter three. Deals with research design and methodology. Primary and secondary data are used effectively.

 

Chapter four is presentation of data. The presentation interpretation, analysis of data and test of hypothesis in chapter one are done in this chapter using chi-square method.

 

Chapter five, dealt with findings, recommendation and conclusion. The authors finding is base on the hypothesis reveals that revenue available to local government authorities functions and the funds readily available to these council are also poorly managed. It is upon- this findings that the author make recommendation and draw conclusion.

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY

The term Local government has been defined by many scholars with different view as regards its development. W.A. Robinson (2000) states that ‘Local government’ involves the conception of territorial non-sovereign community processing the legal right and the necessary organization to regulate right of its own affairs. This I turn presupposed the control, Vis-à-vis participation in state affairs.

According to U.N. Akpan (1999), out of various possible conceptions of the local level development, two have been particularly dominants in Nigeria since the colonial time. The first was christened the indirect rule system and is infact no other than a field administration model.

Gboyega Alex (1998), state that nation wide ordinance establishing the model first in the Northern provinces and later in the southern provinces was promulgated by the colonial government in 1916, two year after the analyation of the Northern and Southern protectorates Indirect rule was actually the rule by the British colonial officials through local chiefs in terms of its philosophy and practice, the emphasis of their model was the colonial regulation of conquered people and so did not encourage popular participation and representation in the native authorities. It was therefore, strictly different from the pre colonial structure of Government which emphasis balance of power and popular participation. Indirect rule distorted these pre-colonial institutions. The model was also not human development although it led to the beginning of a net work of infrastructures of roads, schools and dispensaries, through with the collaboration of native authorities, the colonial central government and missionaries.

 

Local Government has sources of revenue of their own such as community taxes and rates, Licenses and fees, earnings and sales, Federal and state statutory allocation etc. After the Second World War, the political development between Nigeria and /Britain led to the abolition of the indirect rule system and its replacement which emphasized full grown local government which was effuient particularly and relatively autonomous. The eastern region was the fist to embark on the experiment on 1950 while the other regions followed in 1952. A few years after wards precisely in 1976, the federal military government announced the reforms of the nations local announced the reforms of the nations local government system. Essentially, the reform resuscitated the idea of participatory and autonomous government which have access to resources both internally and externally to improve the social the economic of the various communities. The question as to why there was this sudden change of direction from at the earlier emphasis on local rules through traditional rules and bureaucrat was carefully examined. The request for autonomy becomes administration particularly since 1970’s. The anticipation of the autonomy came through the 1976 reforms. Actually 1979 constitution made the anticipated a reality, thus the period between 1976 to 1979 can be defined as the period when the idea of local government in Nigeria came to include autonomy for the level of government.

However, the autonomy expectedly remained circumscribed because of control Viz; financial, administration, judiciary, auditory and even miscellaneous which the various state governments exericed in local governments exericed in local government. The most prominent control is on rinace which affects local government development.

The term “finance” encompases personal finance, business finance, business finance and public finance.

 

According to mautia joy (2001) finance was defined as the art of providing the means of payment or as a body of facts, principles and theories dealing with the raising and using of finds by individual, business, firms and the government. Our interest in this project lies in the problems of rising and using of funds by the local government will emphasis of Ezeagu Central Local government development council.

 

Thus, a Uniform system of local government through the guidelines for the local government went on to identify the executive functions of local government.

According 1999 constitution section 7 sub section 1 (b) (e) (j) (i) (vi) of Nigeria constitution states various ways the local government can source its funds, although these ways has remained grossly in adequate for maintaining capital and recurrent council. Lack of adequate finance and subvention has been of the defects responsible for the indecency.

 

Until the revenue allocation act was biplated and received in 2002 by the revenue allocation fiscal commission, at he federal government has operated a system of block grants and subventions to local government througfh state government. Since the money coming from the federal account to the joint state and Local government did not directly.

  1. Is there and financial authority of the local government?

 

1.5     STATEMENT OF HYPIOTHESIS

To guide research, the following hypothesis was formulated.

1        Ho:    The available funds are able to meet the expectations and serve

of the local government.

H1:    The available fund are not able to meet the expectations and services of the government.

 

  1. Ho: the fund available to the local government authorities are not

prudently managed.

H1:    The fund available to the local government authorities are not prudently managed.

 

  1. Ho: The Local government is under fundered partly. From the

federation account

 

H1:    The Local government is under fundered partly. From the

federation account

 

  1. Ho: There is financial autonomy of the local government.

H1:    There is no financial autonomy of local government

 

1.5     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The factors militating against a successful performance by the local government authorities may be dual in native. They be managerial and financial in native. They be managerial and financial in native. Finance is an important part of most organizations decision, and a clear understanding of the way in which decisions are made is essential if the role finance is to be seen in its true perspectives.

Finance is very crucial because if influences planning and achievement pf set objectives.

Local government being the level of government nearest to the people is the corner stone of the government system in any country. If the financial resources of the local goal area buoyant and viable then this will go a long way in community strength and solidarity to other super structures or government authorities.

The important of local government in the nation must be recognized. It is not a profit oriented organized. But a service oriented one and this will surely affect its revenue. To respective local governments, federal presence level of government.

It has been notice that the allocation to the local government have not been steady. The flunctuational of the statutory allocation always put the local government of their budgets estimate for any given year. In most financial year the realization on revenue is spent on recurrent expenditure for running the council while little or noting is left for capital expenditure. This accounts for the absence of development projects by various local government will be elaborated in table in chapter four.

 

 

LOCATION AND AREA

Ezeagu Central local Government Development area is one out of seventeen local government area and thirty nine development centers of Enugu state, ie the total of fifty six local government area in Enugu state. It occupies a geographical western position in the state. It is located at Mgbagbuowa and also surrounded by Ezeagu South, East and North West local Government area.

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

          The basic problem of local government includes:

  1. The problem of revenue mobilization and its effective utilization.
  2. Accountability of funds and properties of the Local government.
  3. The problem of effective displine leadership in the local government.

 

1.3         OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

a             To examine the problems in local government finance and establish the factors responsible for poor revenue generation and ineffective execution of the local government programs and project.

  1. To identify the problems especially as it affect finance with a view of making adequate recommendation for improvement

1.4         REASEARCH QUESTIONS

  1. Are the availability of funds able to meet the expectation and services of the local government?
  2. Are the funds available to the local government authority prudently managed?

The Significance of this study is there, to find ways of improving local government finance for effective channeling, implantation and executive of the program with in Ezeagu Central local government Council as my area of concern.

 

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 

1.6         There are a lot of limitations that surrounded this study. The inanely fact ones was time factors, non availability of funds at the time of this research, poor response to question also bring some difficulties. Majority of the local government staff are semi-illiterates.

 

Having noticed that such people work in the Local government, measures were taken to the question simply for easy answer.

 

However, despite these limitation, there was progress in the                     research        since other necessary information was gotten.
1.7            DEFINITION OF TERMS

              Local Government/Authority: The third tier system of government after the state federal government.

 

*             Finance: – A body of fact with the raising of fund by local government authorities it encompass personal, business and public finance.

*             Local levies: – these include all the internal source of revenue collected within the local government area.

 

*             Local Government Allocation: The percentage of funds, the Local authorities gets from the national fund.

 

 

 

REFERENCES

Odoh. N. (1998)        Public finance for Polythenics

JTC Publisher Enugu P.15

 

 

Agbo .LO. (1995)      Government and politic in Nigeria

JTC Publisher Enugu P.15

 

Gboyega A. (1998)   Local Government and Political Participation                    in western states

                                  (Ph.D. Thesis), Ibadan, PP 70-78.

Download our android mobile app for more materials

ORDER NOW

COMPLETE MATERIAL  COST  N2,500 Or $10.  FRESH  PROJECT MATERIAL  COST 50,000 NAIRA FOR UNDERGRADUATE, OTHERS 100,000 -200,000 NAIRA.

THE NATURE AND CONSEQUENCES OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF ENUGU NORTH LGA, ENUGU STATE

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Host Link Global Services Ltd
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0138924237
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

ATM CARD:  YOU CAN ALSO MAKE PAYMENT USING YOUR ATM CARD OR ONLINE TRANSFER. PLEASE CONTACT YOUR BANK SECURITY FOR GUIDE ON HOW TO TRANSFER MONEY TO OTHER BANKS USING YOUR ATM CARD. ATM CARD OR ONLINE BANK TRANSFER IS FASTER FOR QUICK DELIVERY TO YOUR EMAIL . OUR MARKETER WILL RESPOND TO YOU ANY TIME OF THE DAY. WE SUPPORT CBN CASHLESS SOCIETY. 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OUR  CUSTOMERS CARE  OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

08074466939 or 08063386834, YOUR PROJECT TITLE  YOU WANT US TO SEND TO YOU, AMOUNT PAID, DEPOSITOR NAME, UR EMAIL ADDRESS,PAYMENT DATE. YOU WILL RECEIVE YOUR MATERIAL IN LESS THAN 2 HOURS ONCE WILL CONFIRM YOUR PAYMENT.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE