USE OF BUILDER’S PLANT IN CONTRACT EXECUTION BY INDIGENOUS CONTRACTORS IN NIGERIA

(PROBLEMS AND REMEDY IN THE USE OF BUILDER’S PLANT IN ENUGU STATE)

ABSTRACT

This project report explains the use of builder’s plant in contract execution by indigenous contractors in Nigeria and the maintenance management of those builders plant. This report also deals on the scope and definition of builder’s plant. Furthermore, this project report deals with the aim, objective and importance of the study and also provide the literature review which deals with the need for application of plant in contract execution and the implications of the relevant plants in various contract particularly in Enugu state. Down is some possible factors that militate against a successful contract made by unavailability of builder’s plant. In addition, it also emphasizes on the method adopted in the research of this study. The write up further explains how long a particular machine can be use and it will be due for maintenance and also how breakdown are being taking care of in some construction companies. At the end, it deals with the corrective measure to be apply in upgrading the use of construction plant in contract execution in Nigeria.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.0  Background of the Study                                         1

1.1      Statement of the Problem                                 2

1.2      Aims and Objectives of the Study                      3

1.3      Scope of the Study                                          4

1.4      Significance of the Study                                         4

1.5      Limitation of the Study                                     6

1.6      Research Questions                                          7

1.7      Definition of Related Terms                               7

CHAPTER TWO

2.0  LITERATURE REVIEW                                       10

CHAPTER THREE

3.0  RESEARCH METHODOLOGY                               24

3.1      Research Design                                              24

3.2      Area of Study                                                  25

3.3      Scope of Work                                                25

3.4      Population                                                      25

3.5      Instrumentation                                              26

3.6      Validation of Instrument                                   28

3.7      Method of Data Collection                                 28

3.8      Method of Data Analysis                                   28

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1      Findings and Data Analysis                                29

4.2      Statement of Breakdown in Plants                      29

4.3      Presentation of Data Analysis                            34

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0  DISCUSSION, FINDINGS, CONCLUSION

AND RECOMMENDATION                                   36

5.1      Discussion of the Study                                    36

5.2      Conclusion                                                      39

5.3      Recommendations                                           40

Bibliography                                                    42

Questionnaire                                                  4

CHAPTER ONE

1.0  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Science and technology have been striving hard to enhance the living standard of man by eliminating stressful method of production with the invention of more efficient and productive methods. This scientific advancement is spread over all areas of human endeavor.

Therefore in the indigenous construction, where the traditional method of construction was providing difficult and tedious with such problem of high work load without adequate skilled labour to carry out the work efficiently and effectively to meet the societal demand.

Hence, the use of builder’s plant by the Nigeria indigenous contractors to supplement the shortage of labour, there by requiring a minimal skilled labour for a relatively large volume of work, and by increasing the speed of construction, can result to earlier completion, enabling the building owner to occupy the building and recover his capital outlay at an earlier date.

Mechanical plant/builder’s plant may also be introduced to carry out operations for which manual labour is not available or is in short supply or to carry out operation which cannot be done either economically or physically by manual labour.

The introduction of this builder’s plant can reduce the effort required to be made by the operators in carrying out his work and can improve his working condition.

1.1  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Certain setback exists over the years to militate against the various indigenous construction firms in Enugu state from the use of builder’s plant in construction work. These operational problems may includes the following:

–             Lack of exposure – The ability of the indigenous contractors to be expose to construction plant as professional.

–             Lack of capital – The money involve for purchasing or hiring of the construction plant which is needed by the indigenous construction firms.

Availability of trained manpower – The use of powered and sophisticated factors based, mobile and fixed machinery in building construction industry, etc.

Meanwhile, these operational problems confronting the indigenous contractors if overlook or neglected might impede the industrialization process of the construction industry in Enugu state.

Therefore in view of these observations, there is absolute need for remedy and prevention of the problems from further confrontation of the indigenous contractors.

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AN APPRAISAL OF BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN BY FACILITIES MANAGERS IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT
Happenings all over the world have shown that no business facility is devoid of disaster. It is in the light of the above that good facilities management practice, demands a proactive approach to such problems by preparing business continuity plan (BCP). This research project is undertaken to appraise the plans prepared by the facilities management firms in Nigeria as fall back measure in case of any disruption in organizations business procedures. Field survey was undertaken with structured questionnaire and oral interviews with stakeholders as the instruments of research. Purposive sampling was adopted in the interview. Seventy questionnaires were distributed out of which forty three were completed and returned, giving 61.4% response. Results showed that although facilities managers in Nigeria are well aware of the risk portfolio of their organizations, but adequate measures are not put in its proper place to prevent and prepare for any eventuality. For example, respondents opinion on how often BCP is being used in managing facilities shows that 65.1% do not use it often, 69.8% agreed that BCP is based on demand by client/organization. The outcome of the result of the study showed that even if BCP is in use, it is not proactive, also refusal of government and clients to request for BCP contributed to the lack of preparation of plan. It was recommended that government should make it mandatory for all organizations to request facilities managers to prepare BCP to guide and prepare for any eventuality in the form of disasters and their position as part of their financial statement. Professional bodies and associations affiliated to disaster management, should assist organizations by organizing workshops, trainings, awareness campaigns for personnel of such organizations.

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
While governments, not-for-profit institutions, and non-governmental organisations also deliver critical services, private organisations must continuously deliver products and services to satisfy shareholders and to survive. Although they differ in goals and functions, business continuity planning (BCP) can be applied by all governments.

Elliot et al (1999) defines business continuity planning as identifying an organisation’s exposure to internal and external threats and synthesizes hard and soft assets to provide effective prevention and recovery for the organisation, while maintaining competitive advantage and value system integrity.

There is much misunderstanding of business continuity management (BCM) and as yet no commonly practiced methodology for the assessment of an organisation in this regard (Honour 2001). Elliot et al (1999) noted that there is no structured implementation of capabilities to directly address the risks presented to us in the modern world. These newly emphasized risks in partnership with the inherent vulnerabilities resulting from the lack of a structured approach to BCM calls for a more robust and measurable means of protecting our continuity management that is continuity assurance.
As the name implies, continuity assurance is concerned with actively planning to avert the threat or reduce from the act, though this recovery is implicit in the approach detailed in this work.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Management of facilities in developing countries like Nigeria is replete with a lot of problems. Prominent among them is the disruption of business operations, delays, ineffective or poor quality service. This is due to lack of clear understanding of those organisations risk profile or portfolio and absence of proactive measures that will ensure the continuation of critical business operations. As a result of the aforementioned, this affects the organisations in many ways, e.g. service provision is poor or substandard, profit maximization is seriously affected and the reputation of the organisation is equally affected, etc.

1.3 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
Emergency Preparedness and Business Continuity is one out of the eleven (11) core competencies in the management of facilities. This needs a holistic study of the core competencies to see ways and means for effective facilities management. Business Continuity Plan (BCP) is suppose to be properly put in place for any business to strife, be it small, medium or big.
It is in the light of the above that a critical look at plans that are supposed to be put in place by FM for business to continue and also to mitigate any negative effect of any disaster on the organisation.
It is an acknowledged fact that one of the important and necessary conduction for smooth successful and effective management of any facility devoid of any interruption that may have far reaching impact on the organization is the putting in place proactive measure to ensure the continuation of critical activities considering the facilities management practice in Nigeria (being at the development stage) a feedback system is needed or information is needed on how this important activities were undertaken especially the approach adopted, (1) quality of the plan, (2) how they are implemented and (3) problems relating to the implementation and above all the quality of human resource who prepares and implement (facilities management) this will enable the facilities management practice to benefit from such results.

 

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ANALYSIS OF CONVENTIONAL PROCUREMENT STRATEGIES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN NIGERIA CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY .

 

ABSTRACT

Procurement systems and project organization provide the framework for implementation and development of projects. Procurement systems and project organizations are well studied and established for major developments and in developed countries in particular. When these systems are used in developing countries for major commercial, social and infrastructure developments, appropriate results are seldom achieved. This may be due to a variety of factors, which include systematic, environmental, cultural, economic, legal, political and social cultural amongst others. Not withstanding this, a major challenge in the establishment of appropriate and sustainable procurement systems and project organizational models for low-cost housing and infrastructure. The proper aims to propose a generic model of procurement system and project organization based on theory and practice as a basis for the implementation and development of low-cost housing.

                  TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION                                                                   1

1.1            Background of the Study                                                        1

1.2            Statement of the Problem                                              2

1.3            Purpose of the Study                                                     2

1.4            Research Questions                                                                 3

1.5            Research Hypothesis                                                     3

1.6            The Scope of the Study                                                 4

1.7            Significance of the Study                                                         4

1.8            Definition of Terms                                                                 5

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     LITERATURE REVIEW                                                        7

2.1     Procurement Methods                                                    7

2.2     Application of Procurement Strategies in

Nigerian Construction Industry                                     7

2.3     Statutory Duties of a Builder in any

Procurement Strategies in Nigeria                                  15

2.4     Construction Industry                                                   18

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     RESEARCH METHODOLOGY                                             20

3.1            Research Design                                                            20

3.2            Population of the Study                                                 20

3.3            Source of Data                                                                        22

3.4            Location of Data                                                            22

3.5            Method of Investigation                                                 23

3.6            Instrument for Data Collection                                      23

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1            Analysis of Data                                                           24

4.2            Presentation of the Data                                                          24

4.3            Testy of Hypothesis                                                                29

4.4            Discussion of Findings                                                  32

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0     RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION                        34

5.1            Recommendations                                                                   34

5.2            Conclusion                                                                     35

References                                                                      37

Questionnaire                                                                          39

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Procurement has been seen to be process of obtaining or buying supplies of something like fixed assets (land, building, etc) especially for individual and government.

Therefore, procurement strategies has become a fashionable term with our construction industry, practitioners and researchers determines the overall framework and structure of responsibilities within the process, it is also a key factor contributing to the overall client satisfaction and project success.

Procurement strategies and their application is of important in our construction industry.

However, one must not be carried by which ever method of procurement strategies proposed for a construction project, the major issue is the different types of procurement are contractual obligations, responsibilities and line of communication between the parties. One thing to remember is that which ever method that is used, the statutory duties of the professionals are always distinct and mandatory. Hence the engagement of a builder in the procuring contract is statutorily required and highly recommended whichever procurement strategy that is adopted.

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The general aim of study is to ascertain by reviewing, evaluating and identifying how procurement strategies can be applied in our Nigeria construction industry. Therefore, this issue raised the researcher’s interest to know how procurement strategies can be applied in our construction industry particularly Nigerian economy.

1.3     PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

• To determine what are the procurement strategies;
• To know its application in our Nigerian construction industry;
• To know the statutory duties of a builder in construction industry;
• To know what is construction industry.

1.4     RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What are the procurement strategies?
2. Where can they be applied in Nigerian construction industry?
3. How can we know the statutory duties of a building in our construction industry?
4. What is construction industry?

1.5     RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

 

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AN APPRAISAL OF INMATES’ REHABILITATION FACILITIES IN KADUNA AND ZARIA PRISONS

 

 

ABSTRACT
This central thrust of this research is to appraise the inmates’ rehabilitation facilities in Nigerian Prisons using Kaduna and Zaria prison as a case study. Against this backdrop, this study attempts to empirically appraise the inmates’ rehabilitation facilities in Nigeria prison with Kaduna and Zaria Prisons as the case study. To achieve this, sample size of 145 inmates, 37 staff was selected through simple random sampling by the use of prison register. Qualitative and Quantitative data were collected through the use of questionnaire and interview method. Also the analysis of data was through the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis. This result of the data analysis showed that the respondents varied in socio-demographic characteristic such as age, sex, marital status, educational qualification, religion etc. further, the data showed that many of the inmates said that there is rehabilitation facilities such as carpentry, work, electrical work, shoe making etc. though some opined that despite the existing scheme it was only meant for convicts and awaiting trial were excluded from the benefiting in such schemes.The study also found that: Provision for rehabilitation services is still neglected and not international best practices compliance; the incarceration condition of the inmates with respect to accommodation, feeding and medication does not meet the United Nation’s standard minimum rules for the treatment of prisoners; prison inmates of these prisons prefer one rehabilitation services to the other. The most preferred rehabilitation service is recreational activity-football. Despite the aforementioned problems the prison still has been able to play the role of rehabilitation at a small measure.Based on these findings, it was recommended among others that deliberate efforts should be made by the Federal Government and prison service providers to reform the Nigerian prisons and make it international best practice compliance. There is also the need to introduce more rehabilitation services, facilities and reformative programmes such as training inmates on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and giving adequate awareness programmes so as to rehabilitate prison inmates and stop recidivism.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION:
1.1 Background of the Study
The noble goal of the prisons services is to reform those who pass through the prison gates and also to protect the society from the convicted felons. It also serves to keep in safe custody persons legally sentenced to jail and identify the cause of inherent anti social behavior and treat and reform them to become law-abiding citizens. The prison also has the responsibilities to train inmates in trades that will make them useful to themselves and the society at large. (prisons lecture manual 2003).

According to the Jarma (2001) these objectives are not being met in Nigeria, he contend that instead of reforming inmates the prisons system is hardening them and subjecting them to horrible, degrading conditions and punishment, sometimes exceeding the crime committed, the process makes them to become physicals and psychological damaged, with the feeling of been unwanted, unloved and abandoned in uncaring environment.

Most studies of prison in Nigeria have been concerned with the sociological analysis of the prisons as social systems that have examined inmates (Sarki 2003, Muhammad, 2005).

Yet little attention has been given to the other factors that lead to the failure, in achieving the stated objectives i.e reforming, rehabilitation and reintegration. Such factors are inmates’ rehabilitation facilities which are almost in obsolete state and poor management in handling the available one. Inmates’ rehabilitation facilities which comprised of inmates’ accommodations, skill acquisition facilities, education facilities, recreational facilities e.t.c are inadequate or in state of disrepair. Many prisons in Nigeria have no basis utility services e.g toilet, water, light, medicine, etc and where they have are severely limited. (Asokhia M.O 2012)

Though Nigeria government budges a little amount in comparison with other countries in the world with almost the same population size but corruptions, poor management, unprofessionalism n handling the facilities are the accelerating factor to this unwanted situation. (Ogundipe 2008)

To find a solution to these problems and proposed ways of improvement in the management of inmates’ rehabilitation facilities are the question that this project will address.

1.2 Statement of the Problem
One of the cardinal’s objectives of prison system is to wear prisoners away from crime and other anti-social activities and give them direction that will enable them lead normal live again. The idea is to employ the period of incarceration to impact other offenders the need to be law-abiding (prison lecture manual 2007)

Prisons are conceived as corrective institutions. They already are or are fast becoming so in many part of the world. They are usually structure to identify the peculiar problems of each inmate and device means of guiding the individual out of problems (Muhammad .B. 2005)

Studies however reveal that Nigeria prison rather than being reformative and rehabilitative they are punitive, degrading and dehumanizing and leave the prisoners with least opportunity of re-entry in to the society (Basher Tanimu 2010).

Finding however reveal that several factors are responsible for these undesirable situation here are some: corruption which has eaten deep into the fabrics of Nigerian, inadequate funding and bad management make many prisons to lack essential inmates’ rehabilitation facilities e.g accommodation, skill acquisition, educational and recreational facilities and were they exist they are grossly inadequate for the population, in some prisons officials complain of lack of portable water, inadequate sewage facilities which is having devastating effect on the health of inmates’(Muhammad .B. 2010)

Thus Nigeria needs conductive prisons, where function of reforming, rehabilitation and reintegration would be accomplished, not prisons that been regard as punishment ground, and it is as a result of all these aforementioned problems that this research work is being carried out.

 

 

 

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