THE EFFECTS OF UNRESTRAINED IMPORTATION IN INDIGENOUS INDUSTRIES.

(A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA BREWERIES PLC)

 

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TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

1.1 General background to the subject matter

1.2 problems associated with the subject matter

1.3 problems that the study will be concerned with

1.4 importance of studying the area

1.5 Definition of important terms.

1.6 References

 

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

2 Literature review

2.1 The origin of the subject area

2.2 Schools of through within the subject area

2.3 The school of thought relevant to the problem

2.4 Different methods of studying the problem

2.5 Summary

2.6 Reference

 

CHAPTER TWO

3. Conclusion

3.1     Data presentation

3.2     Data analysis

3.3     Recommendations

3.4     Conclusion

3.4     Reference

Appendix (questionnaire)

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

GENERAL BACKGROUND TO THE SUBJECT MATTER.

The president of manufacturing association of Nigeria, Rufus giwa(2000 .p 16) defined industry thus:

“ Industry particularly, manufacturing, in the motive force for development. Infact, industrialization is more than engiues of growth. It is also the catalyst for technological, financial and socio- economical advancement.”

Trade and more especially foreign trade have astronomically been instrumental in mans bids towards betterment of his life on earth. Today, we can enjoy and make use of author mobile made in far away Japan as if they grow in our garders.  Other articles which we cant dream of producing even in the next millennium liters our market as if they were going out of fashion. All these are courtesy of foreign trade and broadly on one of its two- pronged division: “ impastation”. A very  important concept it as, but like a two edged sword, it can destroy if not carefully handled.

A student on how foreign products crowd market and how our local industries are nose. Divine into oblivion show that we are already receiving a fair dose of rough handling under the sharp claws of this excessive importation.

“ The Nigeria trade journal” of March/April 1980, analyzing our trade statistics put the total of bear and stout importation at N7,562,315. people shouted and rose dust over it that it is excessive, but what have we to say today that people zoom off from the country just to import tooth picks and toilet rolls?

The millions of graduates that our academic institutions turn out annually have their fate hanging over the balance. With hands supporting their checks, and all hope on divine intervention they helplessly watch as our few industries fold up in their hundreds.

Retrenchment and counter retrenchment of workers have become so common as the few existing  owns battle to break  even and remain in contention. consequently, employment and poor standard of living can’t be more adventurous.

An idle man they said in the devils tools. Cooping with the fact that both ends must meet, arm-robbery, fraud, bribery corruption and other social vices exert dominion. Hence our country can’t heap winning the inglorious “most corrupt country” award in the year 2000.

Our surviving industries virtually are at the end of this letter forgery, from the lamentable figures they post in their annual report as profit after exuberant tax from a government that don’t spare their selves a thought about their welfare instead of re-investment or expansion, the little token that will  succeed in dropping into their coupes went into unreasonable advisement which they see as their last reset to remain in contention in the ever growing corporative market.

These and many must have been the plight to our indigenous industries consequent upon excessive importance. This work try to look into the effect of this practice and to curtail it’s excesses. It will make a step further to put forward, measures towards revamping the vandalized state of on indigenous industry.

 

• PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SUBJECT MATTER

The subject matter is that which have a hamper of problems under it’s care. Below are some of them.

1. DEPRESSION AND DUMPING: With more and more goods from abroad finding their ways undisturbed and unrestricted into the country, compiling with the locally made ones, a situation where supply will exceed demand will emerge. And nor only will on wobbled economy and indigenous industries Sutter a great depression, but also the nation will be into a dumping ground.

EXCESSIVE COMPETITION: Our weak industries became so much endangered by the menace of their vibrant foreign counterparts. Much of the market share from day to day fell to these foreign goods. And to fight back in  their own effeminate way in order to still remain in contention, our indigenous industries resort to aggressive promotion which drain…

 

 

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THE SIGNIFICANT OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP IN THE ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS

 

 

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TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problems
1.3 Objective of the study
1.4 Research Hypothesis
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Scope and limitation of the study
1.7 Historical background of the case study
1.8 Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Definition of leadership
2.3 Theories of leadership
2.4 Types of leadership/Leadership style
2.5 Factors that influence effective leadership
2.6 Function and quality of leadership

CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research Methodology
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Research design
3.3 The study population
3.4 Sampling and sampling procedure
3.5 The methodology of data collection
3.6 The technique of statistical analysis
3.7 Conclusion

CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Presentation and data analysis-
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Analysis of data
4.2.1 Achievement of NBTE
4.2.2 Summary of presentation and analysis
4.2.2.1 Findings
4.3 Discussion of findings
4.4 Text of Hypothesis
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
Bibliography
APPENDICES
Appendix I
Annex II

 

ABSTRACT
This research work seeks to investigate THE SIGNIFICANT OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP IN THE ACHIEVEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS. The National board for Technical Education (NBTE), a federal government parastatals in charge of technical education was used as the case study. Three objectives were set. To find out whether the National Board for Technical Education has achieved the goals which was established to achieve; to study the style of leadership is effective in achieving organizational goals of the NBTE. Primary data were used in our analysis and the method of analysis adopted simple percentages. Our findings shows that the organization has achieved the goals it was set up to achieve, and among others things that the organization uses the democratic style of leadership in running its affairs, as well as the fact are well motivated. Our recommendation points to the need to further strengthen the organization for higher performance in the near future.

 

 

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Leadership is highly desirable in any society as any organized set up for set goals to be achieved. This is because any organized body must have a purpose, goals and objectives for which the body has been organized, in chapter one, the subject matter of this research work was
introduced. The important aspect of the research work treated includes the study objectives, which corresponded with the content of the statement of the problem and the research hypothesis. In chapter two, the relevant literatures were review. These bordered on the various definitions of leadership, types of leadership, the theories of leadership and the factors influencing effective leadership. In chapter three we presented out methodology of data collection and data analysis. In this chapter we collected the data using the methods discussed in chapter three and we hereby present the results of our data collection for subsequent analysis.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Leadership is highly desirable in any society as any organized set goal to be achieved. This is because any organized body must have a purpose, goals and objectives for which the body has been organized, within the larger society or country, which in one word can be called the government, there are goals and objectives to be achieved without which the country may not exact and function effectively as an organized system. For example the goals set up by the Nigeria, leadership may be to give equal opportunities to every citizen to excel, the eliminate unemployment to give education to all citizens at least to the junior secondary level and stabilize price, etc.
At the level of organizations, the goals depend on whether the organization is a private or public entity. For a private entity such as a production firm, the goal is profit making and for public organization, the goals may be provision of social services or social infrastructure.
Therefore whether in a private or public organization the leadership has to be very effective for the goals of the organization to be achieved otherwise the purpose for which the organization has been established would be defeated.

 

 

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
The National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) is a public organization as a regulatory in 1977 by the federal government of Nigeria as a regulatory agency for all technical schools, colleges, polytechnics and others similar institutions in Nigeria. It oversees and supervises these institutions in their administrative, teaching and physic…

 

 

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EFFECTS OF PERSONNEL POLICIES ON ORGANIZATION EFFECTIVENESS

(A CASE STUDY OF ANAMMCO LTD. EMENE ENUGU)

 

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ABSTRACT

 

Every, business enterprise, big or small, public or private operate within the framework of policies aimed at achieving a set objectives. These policies take into account the dynamic nature of the business environments, individual needs and aspiration and above all, the cultural from work of organizational effectiveness or production they much depends on the nature of these policies formulated and also on the mode of implementation.

It is on this promise that this research work was imitated to understand various personnel policies operatives in organizations with particular reference to ANAMMCO as a case study.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     Introduction                                                                                 1

• General Background of the subject matter 2
• Problems associated with the subject matter 3
• Problems that the study will be concerned with 5
• The importance of studying the area 6
• Definition of important terms 7
• References 10

CHAPTER TWO

2.0     Literature Review                                                                        11

• The origin of the subject area 12
• School of thought within the subject area 13
• The school of though relevant to the problem study                     17
• Different methods of studying the problems 24
• Summary 30
• References 30

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.0     Conclusion                                                                                  33

• Data presentation 34
• Analysis of data 41
• Recommendation 41
• Conclusion 44
• References 45

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Certain cardinal factors determine the success and growth of any organization one of the factors is the personnel department in any given organization

These personnel policies and programmer are usually initiated and formulated by the personnel department headed by personnel Director manager or industrial Relation Officer, ass the organization denies fit.

This research work tends to investigation personnel policies at it affect promotion of staff recruitment of personnel, training and development of personnel, and disciplinary measures against airings staff of the I.M.T limited.

The function of this personnel department linger on the above area of concern in an organization. It is therefore pertinent to point out here that a well concerned set and effective implementation of personnel policies help the management to achieve the co-operate objective of an organization.

These policies wither being formulated should be in line with the organization culture and those of the business environment. The concept of this culture is important to our modern managers as it goes a long may to unlace the organizational structure, leadership philosophy selection discipline, salary and wage administration among others.  This culture compliments interest to the in division with a given society or its subdivision. A careful study personnel policies organizational effectual. A case study of I .M. T Enugu on which this research is being carried out.

 

• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In past, many profit and non-profit recited enterprise did not realize the important role personnel department play in realizing the organizational objectives.  The major functions then was that of welfare services.

But in the recent past, personnel started to be recognized as a major tool in achieving thee co-operate objectives of any organization. These function now include, initiation and to the management and development and training, recruitment and selection, salary and wage administration, relations, promotion and disciplines e.tc.

Many organizations now cannot successfully operate without noble roles performed by the personnel department. A good set of personnel policies if well implemented answer greater organizational effectiveness. This is the more reason why the personnel department is not given a pride of place in any organizations policy formulation. Some initial areas as seen under the personnel department functions are usually taken into consideration. The culture of the people and society is also considered so that more effective and goal-oriented policies are made.

The researcher’s study of (I.M.T) Enugu will show the various effect of personnel policies on the organizational effectiveness.

 

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS

The main objectives of this project are to provide suggestive solution to the problems associated with the initiation, formulation and implementation of personnel policies in organization.

By the end of this project, we shall be provided with the system than can be used to achieve the following objectives.

• To create awareness for managers of organization on the various personnel policies and their affects

To assist our modern manager / entrepreneurs of business…

 

 

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THE ROLE OF NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE IN INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT

 

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PROPOSAL

This project research study whose subject matter is on the role of Nigerian stock exchange in industrial development is stated to be presented in the normal fine chapter of a project work.

For a general insight and a fair understanding of the intended course of action and various form of presentation evaluation and analysis of data collection from successive interview questionnaires administration as well as other source of data collection like news letters, security market journal and business times. It is proposed to briefly run of short preview of the expected contents of each chapter and preliminary pages of the enter work.

The work started with the preliminary page which include the title page approval page, proposal, dedication, acknowledgment and table of  content.

The first chapter which fellows the preliminary page starts with the general introduction. This means paging attention to the exposure of the topic under research. Therefore a background of the study and statement of problem will be use to achieve this aim. Also the objective and significance of the study will be revealed along side with hypothetical statement and research question. The chapter finally ends up with the disclosure  of the scope and limitation of the study.

Chapter two carries a general review of available relevant literature hence books text book are the expected literature re-reviewed for general searching and  support of existing information about the stocks exchanges .

Chapter there covers the research design and methodology. Here the general features of the research procedure, development of research material and treatment  of data will be given therefore the modes and series of tasks under taken to ensure a successful research  and data collection will form the basic discussion under this chapter.

The preservation and analysis of data from the main subject matter of chapter four  the data collected therefore are presented analyzed and concluded upon.

The last chapter which is chapter fine will discuss the findings of the research works. This will be followed by necessary conclusion and recommendation. Also this project work will  end with the information which includes definition of terms. Bibliography, appendix and questionnaires.

Finally, therefore the research have decided to take up this study on the role of Nigerian stock exchange in industrial development just because of her interest on the  benefit of the stock exchange and the effects it has on the industry development.

 

ABSTRACT

 

The Nigerian stock exchange (NSE) has been created to serve various function such as often of business guideline to top business management concerning cost of capital for the Nigerian stock exchange provides avenues for  long term investment. These function credited to the stock exchange is expected to create positive effect on the general business and industrial growth of the country.

However, this research work is determined to evaluate the effect of the stock. Exchange   on the general business growth especially in recent years. In carrying out the research work with the above aim in mind efforts will be made to disclose relevant findings thus drawing necessary solutions and recommendations to alleviate some anticipated problem on the Nigerian stock exchange to be disclosed during the research work.

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

• Introduction

1.1     Background of the study

• Statement of study
• Objective of study
• Research question’
• Hypothesis formulation
• Significance of the study
• Scope of the study
• Limitation of
• Definition of term
• Reference

 

CHAPTER TWO

• Literature review

2.1     Evolution of the stock exchange

• Historical development of the Nigerian stock
• General relationship of the stock exchange and the economy
• Advantage of the stock exchange as a source fund to the industry
• Functions of the stock exchange in influencing the development parameters

 

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

• Introduction to the study

3.1     Research design

• Area of study
• Population of the study
• Sample size determination
• Instrument for data collection
• Validation of instrument
• Reliability of the instrument
• Method of data collection
• Method of data analysis
• Reference

 

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

• Presentation and analysis of data
• Testing of hypothesis
• Summary of result.

 

 

 

CHAPTER FIVE

DISCUSSION  RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

• Discussion of result findings
• Conclusion
• Recommendation
• Suggestion for further study
• Bibliography

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Industrial growth forms the basis for industrial development is not only needed for its ability to improve living standard. It also acts as a weapon for building national strength and prestige. Therefore industrial development implies the increase of industrial, expansion of quality and quality of output and the institutionalization of industrial growth process. It also involve  technical activities of a own routine nature concerned with translating research findings or other with translating research findings or other scientific knowledge into products or process.

With the concept of investment as a central factor in the acceleration of industrial growth and development and the prominence given to industrialization, steps have the establishment of the Nigerian stock exchange (NSE) the evolution of  continued existence of the Nigeria stock exchange has always been small lots of shares to e  parceled into lumbs large enough to be bought by institutions provide vast numbers of  different shares to be trades and providing a  broad market in government securities its economic significance depends on its ability to mop up financial capital for investment purpose these include providing liquidity and enhancing these marketability of new issues of stock thus reducing the real costs to business firm by expanding the scope for obtaining fund.

 

 

Other functions of the stock exchange include the offer of guidance to the business management in relation to the present cost of capital so that the business man  can determine his level of investment appropriate  to the firm. Access to the  vast number of capital that are in very small amount of money that in their aggregate have s commend over vast quantities of wealth. It also make it possible for the transfer of funds that imposes only a minimum of administrative efforts he lender. By  this activity the  stock exchange is able to provide an avenue for long term investment to be financed by funds provided by individuals many of whom to make it available for a short term or with draw it at will.

 

The competitive nature of the stock exchange makes it possible to allocate funds efficiently which is achieved by the market ability to available companies securities in a manner based on the capitalized value of the company’s expected future earnings.

 

 

Apparently, only if stock are valued in this way will funds be provided most abundantly   and at most reasonable terms to the most promising innovation who accounting to the classical economic theory has the greatest use for them and who is the one that can obtain the profits which will serve as the investors rewards. And it in when shares are valued in relation to the  expected capitalized value of the firm that effective disciplinary advice which punishes management whose operation are inefficient or unprofitable.

Therefore a reliable rate which results from investment in new factories, machinery, equipment and  material to increase the physical capital stock of the nation. The stock exchange market plays an important role in propping up financial capital and provision of market for quoted stock so as  to chance the fulfillment of these economic growth parameters. This investing so as to actualize the economic growth.

 

 

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The ignorance of the stock exchange has brought about how participation of firm and individual engaging in the stock exchange and this has also limited the availability of stocks and shares that  could be traded on the stock market. The stock market is faced with the problem of valley in delivering and settlement of stock transaction.

For the fact that the number of quoted security is small and the total capitalization is about 335 billion which is nothing when compared with…

 

 

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FUNCTIONS AND ACHIEVEMENTS OF GOVERNMENT SUPPORT AGENCIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ENUGU STATE.

(A CASE STUDY OF NATIONAL DIRECTORATE OF EMPLOYMENT (N.D.E)

 

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TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE:

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study
• Statement of the problem
• Purpsoe of the study
• Scope of the study
• Research hypothesis
• Significance of the study
• Definition of terms

References

 

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE

• Introduction
• Entrepreneurship development
• Need, scope, and characteristics of entrepreneurship
• Various government support agencies and their functions

References

 

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

• Research design
• Area of the study
• Population of the study
• Sample and sampling procedure/technique
• Instrument of data collection
• Validation of the instrument
• Reliability of the instrument
• Method of data collection
• Method of data analysis

References

 

CHAPTER FOUR:

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

• Presentation and analysis
• Testing of hypothesis
• Summary of results

References

 

CHAPTER FIVE

DISCUSSIONS, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION

• Discussion of results/findings
• Conclusions
• Implications of the research findings
• Recommendation
• Limitations of the study
• Suggestions for further research

References

Bibliography

Appendages/appendices

Questionnaires.

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Entrepreneurship started when people began to produce more products than they required, as such they had to exchange these surplus with others who also wanted to dispose off their surplus. By this way, producers came to realize that they can concentrated in their areas of production to produce more and then exchange with what they needed. Therefore, through this exchange of products, entrepreneurship started.

According to Schumpeter (1961) Entrepreneurship means doing new things or doing  things that are already being done in a new way.

Nnenna B.Ani (1999) described entrepreneurship as a creative and innovative response to the environment such responses can take place in any field of social endavour, for instance, in business industry, agriculture, education, social work and the like.

An entrepreneur is different from a manager who only plans organizes and controls a business idea after it has been successfully initiated by the entrepreneur”Lawal A.A Et Al (1998), According to Ani Nnnenna B. (1999) a typically Nigeria entrepreneur is self made man who ,might be said to have strong will to succeed, he might engage the services of others like friends, mates, in laws etc to help him in his work or production through this way Nigerians in the olden days  were engaged in entrepreneurship”. Early entrepreneurship characterized with production or manufacturing in which case the producer most often started with a small capital, most of it from his own savings. Early entrepreneurship started with trade by barter even before the advent of any form of money.

In Nigerian modern entrepreneurship started with the coming of the Colonial masters, who brought in their wears and made Nigerians their  middlemen. Most of the modern entrepreneur were engaged in retail trade or sole proprietorship.

One of the major factors that has in many ways discouraged the flow of entrepreneurship development in this country is the value system brought about by formal education. For many decades formal education has been the preserve of the privilege. With formal education, people had the opportunity of being employed in civil service, because in those days the economy was large enough to absorb into the prestigious occupation all Nigerians with some form of formal education. The value system discouraged entrepreneurship  in Nigeria for the colonial masters to solve their goods, because if Nigerians continue to be enterprising, they would not have had market for their goods. as such, the system made Nigerians to be depends on the colonial masters to supply her with the needed products.

Again , the contract between Nigerian entrepreneurs and foreign entrepreneurs during the colonial era was very detrimental and the  competitive business strategy of the foreign entrepreneurs was ruinous and also against moral standards established by the society. For example, the united African company (UAO) that was responsible for a sustain percentage of the  import and export trade of Nigerian, has the policy of dealing directly with produced and refused to make use of the service of Nigeria entrepreneurs. The refusal of the expatriate to utilize the services of local business man inhibited the expansion and acquisition of necessary skills and attitude. For this reasons many eventually folded up. Hose that folded built up a resentment against business which become very demoralizing to other prospective entrepreneurs. As a result, the flow of entrepreneurship in the country was slowed down. But with more people being educated and the fact that government could no longer employ most school leavers, economy programs to encourage individuals to go into private business and self reliant were initiated (Theodore Gieger in Nwachukwu C.C (1990).

In view of the impact of entrepreneurship in improving the socio-economic conditions of the state, the government  have made initiatives to promote indigenous entrepreneurship in small scale business. According to Lawal A.A 91998:2) typically actions of the government take the form of policy initiatives and directives to organization such as ministry of commerce and industry, national directorate of employment, ministry of labour and productivity, center for management development, research institutes to act as executing agencies with responsibility for stimulating, supporting and sustaining entrepreneurship development.

The researcher believes that a study of the functions as well as the achievement of the national directorate of employment (NDE) in Enugu state would help to evaluate the role of government support agencies in entrepreneurship development within the state.

 

1.2     STATE,MENT OF THE PROBLEM.

In Enugu state, various government support agencies have been set up by the government to assist entrepreneurship development and encourage the rapid development of small and medium scale industries. These agencies were established because government owned organization can no longer cope with employment of graduates and school leavers. Further more, the graduates and school leavers have to establish their own small business, which will help in solving the problems of unemployment and economic development.

Therefore, in carrying out this research it is very important to study the problems listed below.

1. Examine the mandates for establishing the NDE.

 

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