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ABSTRACT

This study is predicated on selected secondary schools in Ethiope Local Government Area of Delta state with a view to evaluating teachers’ attitude and competence in implementing continuous assessment.

In carrying out the survey, the researcher tried to study the problems and found out the factors affecting the effective implementation of continuous assessment in some selected secondary schools in Delta state. Whether the school teachers are adequately equipped to participate actively in the implementation of continuous assessment programme of the state government. If the appropriate facilities have been put in place by the Ministry of Education to facilitate the work of teachers in the implementation of continuous assessment programme.

The problems associated with the continuous assessment in schools. If teachers know the difference between continuous assessment and the traditional system of testing the students items while testing the students, hence poor performance in examination. Based on the findings, the researcher made some useful recommendations. It is my ardent hope that these recommendations should be implemented by the relevant authorities.

TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

Background of the study

Statement of the problem

Purpose of the study

Significance of the study

Research hypothesis

Scope of the study

Limitations of the study

Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review

Clarification of the concept of continuous assessment

The need for continuous assessment

The importance and use of continuous assessment in the overall educational effort

General

CHAPTER THREE

Research methodology

Design of the study

Population of the study

Sample subject

Sampling procedure

Sample and sampling

Research instrument

Validation of instrument

Method of data collection

Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

Analysis of data

CHAPTER FIVE

Summary of findings and recommendation

Recommendation

Conclusion

REFERENCES

QUESTIONNAIRE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The history of evaluation in the Nigeria education system is not easy to trace perhaps its first mention was expressed in the form of ordinance that put in place in 1882, among the provisions of these ordinance were that of the following criteria been set for grants for teachers’ salaries.

First, grant for organization and discipline with special grants to schools, which obtain the area of percentage of passes and reached high standard of academic excellence. Secondly, a captivation passes grant for each subject.

In 1889, another ordinance was enacted and it started in part that on grant would be made in aid of any school except that the school in public examination shall have attained prerequisite percentage of efficiency. This explains the place of evaluation and testing students in the school curriculum, evaluation was relatively simple because it comes at the end of the year’s programme. In the secondary schools, there was a highly selective system of evaluation practice. Passport into secondary school was an organized written examination followed by an oral interview. There were term and final examination which most schools depend on for the purpose of promotion.

One of the most important hallmarks of the National Policy on Education (1981) is the provision of the continuous assessment as an effective tool for wholly a partly assessment and evaluating the student’s learning outcomes in the various level of our educational system. This continuous assessment is presently been run in secondary schools as it was introduced. In 1982, the National Policy on Education (1981) provides a six year primary education, three years Junior secondary education, three years secondary education.

Tertiary education and four years University, each of which level would be allowed to implement the continuous assessment as laid down by the federal ministry of education. it is marked by intention to make students specialized early enough in the future careers. Most importantly, it has provisions for making drop outs employee. This new system of education will replace the formal one final examination system, which has outlined its usefulness.

The formal examination system has been criticized for its short comings. It is a common knowledge that very many students roam about the street during most of the school year, only to the classroom a week or two before the promotion examination to do any serious work. They are not serious for any academic work because they have not prepared themselves for such tasks.

This underscores the point why eminent scholars have argued that examination is not a true test of ones’ ability. There has been an occasion when some students commit suicide because of failing examination. It should be revealed that examination on high predicated on the cognitive aspect of the student’s learning and tended to ignore effective and psycho-motor aspects. It consequently creates our students and examination consciousness and an appetite for memorization and regurgitation of fact which in turn tend to stifle their inflection thinking. These among other reasons encourage examination malpractice among students.

Therefore, it is hoped that the introduction of continuous assessment will check the short comings of the examination system. There are various tools which may be used to find out the outcomes of learning activities. These include test, assignment, project, observation, interview, and questionnaires.

The data obtained on the students will then be used to aid his further use and the purpose of providing information to the parent, guardian, and others who can use this for the benefit of the students. Such an assessment involves the use of great varieties of mode of evaluation for the purpose of guiding and improving the learning and performance of the students.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This research work is designed to investigate the attitude and competence of teachers to conduct continuous assessment in selected secondary schools in Delta state.

The problem of the implementation of the continuous assessment encountered by teachers in our secondary school be useful suggestions from the university teachers and educational administrator on ways of making continuous assessment successful would be considered. Among other thins the questions below would have been answered at the end of the work.

I) The factors affecting the effective implementation of continuous assessment in selected schools in Delta state.

II) Whether the school teachers are adequately equipped to participate actively in the implementation of continuous assessment programme of the state government.

III) If the appropriate facilities have been put in place by the state ministry of education to facilitate the work of teachers in the implementation of continuous assessment programme.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Educational development sustains the growth of the nation. As a result and in order to, with this ever expanding industry, we need adequate assessment method that would show exactly what one wishes to know about the individuals. This explains why teachers’ attitude and competence in implementing continuous assessment is very important because they are agents of change in the society. Continuous assessment is necessity for all teachers in the new educational system in Nigeria. This work will equip the classroom teachers to implement the continuous assessment in their various schools. It will direct and inform teachers on areas of the behaviour of the children to be assessed and the procedure to adopt in achieving this purpose.

RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

The following hypothesis formulated to guide the researcher in this study namely:

I) Firstly, School teachers do not use adequate test items in assessing students, hence poor performance in examination.

II) There is no significant relationship between the system of evaluation in schools and students’ performance in examination.

III) There is no significant relationship between traditional method of testing and continuous assessment technique of grading students.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This work is predicated on selected secondary schools in Ethiope Local Government Area of Delta state with the view to evaluating teachers attitude and competence in implementing continuous assessment in secondary schools in the 6-3-3-4 educational system.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

The following terms are defined as used in the report, in order to avoid misinterpretation by different individuals.

Continuous assessment: this is a method of ascertaining what a pupil gains from school in terms of knowledge, industry and character development, taking into account his/her performance in test, assignment, project and other educational activities during a given period of an education to be determined.

Evaluation: Evaluation is to determine whether certain changes are taking place in the learning as well as to determine the amount or degree of changes in individual student.

Implementation: The act or process of putting into effect some operation, plans, policies or ideas.

Cognitive domain: A behavioural objective of remembering or reproduction of something which has been learned.

Psycho-motor domain: This deals with manipulative skills and body movement.

Affective domain: This has to do with values, belief, attitude, appreciation, interest, social relation, emotional adjustment and life style.

6-3-3-4: The new system of education in Nigeria as spelt out by the 1981 National Policy on Education broken down thus:

First: 6-years-Primary Education

Next: 3-years-Junior Secondary School Education

Next: 3-years-Senior Secondary School Education

Next: 4-years-Tertiary or Post Secondary Education

Attitude: It is the learned disposition in the technique of assessing the total learning experience of the students in academic, manipulative and emotional task organized within the school curriculum studies and supervised by the teachers.

Competence: This has to do with efficiency, the ability to be skillful, knowledgeable and to be effective in performing a given task. It implies that possession of specialized skills, which would go a long way to result effective performance in specialized areas like the teaching field.

A STUDY OF SOME FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR SPELLING MISTAKES AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

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ABSTRACT

This study aimed at discovering some factors responsible fro spelling mistakes among secondary school students in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area in Benin City. The sample was draw from six secondary schools, two of which are boy’s schools, another two are girl’s schools and any two schools are mixed schools. There are 240 dictation answer sheets that were selected on the basis of key legibility and comprehensiveness and the classes that were sampled were SS I and SS III respectively. Here, the main instrument of collecting data was a dictation exercise. The diction was in sentence form each contains the keyword. After the collection of data sample percentage and pie chart were used for analysis. Five hypotheses were used in the study and they were tested.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

Background of the study

Purpose of the study

Research hypothesis

Limitation of study

Delimitation of study

Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review

CHAPTER THREE

Methodology

Instrument

Description of sample selected

CHAPTER FOUR

Data analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

Discussion of result

Recommendation

Conclusion

REFERENCES

QUESTIONNAIRE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Spelling is a very complex skill; it is more complex especially in languages like English and French where their autography is different from the way words are spelt. Beginners (children) in the learning task suffer seriously from learning disabilities. This researcher therefore aims at finding some factors that are responsible for spelling mistakes in some selected secondary schools in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area in Benin City.

1.2 PURPOSE OF STUDY

The communication of human society is both oral and written ones. These days many people are very conscious of their spoken English as well as the written ones especially in some parts of the world where English language is used as their means of communication. With the use of some modern media like telephone, tapes, phonograms (record player) and films for the transition of information, there is a great improvement in oral communication.

This modern trend which can withstand the written forms plays an important role in social life today. Some of the good examples of these transitions of information are everyday news/network in the radio and television, the minutes of world conference, government announcement in the radio and television and examination answers depend greatly on oral and written communication. It is very important that words used for communication be correctly spelt, because correct spelling motivates the readers, and poor spelling also irritates the reader as well.

This researcher therefore, attempt to investigate some of the factors that are responsible for spelling mistakes made by some senior secondary schools students with a view to recommending ways to correct these mistakes that are over powering these students. Due to the fact that we were colonized by the British, English is now our secondary language (L2) of communication and with the fact some Nigerian students who are learning English are often faced with the problems of harmonizing or producing the elements of her mother tongue language which is her first language because every language has its own number of units of sound (phonmtics), and in two languages have equal number of phonemics.

This then portrays that in learning a new language, the student are bound to come across some phonemics that are different from the one she has already known. Obviously, this will result to spelling problems, and it is this type of spelling problems and some similar other ones that the researcher wants to look into a to save the situation because too much work has not been done by people to find out this nature of spelling mistakes are to be corrected.

Moreover, there has been the belief that mother tongue language is the best for the indigene of each tribe and because of this; the learning of the indigenous language begins very early in the life of a child. Secondary adult from time to time communicate with children in their own dialect, which makes them master their first language. As a result of this, there is the problem of the effect of the mother tongue on the pronunciation, spelling of English words, sentence structure and the usage of words. An analysis of these spelling mistakes made by students on a good function for this subject and the analysis of this spelling mistakes that are made by the students and the remedy suggested are way of helping English teacher to eliminate the spelling problem of their students

1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. Does lack of competent personnel and facilities contribute to poor reading habits among secondary school students?

2. Is poor background a result of insufficient motivation for good reading habits?

3. Does mass failure in various examinations, examination effect of poor reading habits?

4. Does lack of experience and play materials contribute to poor reading habits?

5. Does spelling problem/mistakes arise from phonetics shape of words?

1.4 DELIMITATION OF STUDY

This researcher is a report in some factors that are responsible for spelling mistakes which were discovered in the dictation exercise given to senior secondary school students from eight selected secondary schools in Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area in Benin City, Edo State of Nigeria.

This research work does not aim at looking into some mistakes like pidgin English, things responsible for poor up bringing of a child or the socio-economic background’s effect on the students. But the emphasis is directly on the on words that are commonly spelt wrongly and the reasons for such mistakes.

1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Oral English: Spoken English this extends to language communication skills, the organs of speech and hearing also are involved.

Phoneme: This is the unit of sound work.

Phonetic: This is the an English transcription symbol.

Spelling: This is the ways in which the spoken words are presented and are also pronounced.

Spelling: The presentation of sound by letters that approximate, symbolize the sound.

L1: Students mother tongue

L2: Students first foreign language…

AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION INTO THE EXTENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH THE GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL REGULATION IN THE NIGERIAN PUBLIC SECTOR

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ABSTRACT

This is an empirical study carried out to determine the extent of compliance with the government financial regulation in the Nigerian public sector. It is aimed at resolving issues regarding the relationship between the levels of compliance by public civil servants with the federal government financial regulations while carrying out the accounting function.

The study was motivated by the need to promote economic growth and development by effecting measure that will cut down the rate of fund misappropriation in the Nigerian public sector. In giving answers to the research problem, three hypotheses were developed; related literatures were sourced as well as questionnaires administered.

The results obtained were presented in percent frequency tables and statistical analysis was carried out using the sample correlation coefficient. From the analysis, findings reserved that there is a positive relationship between payment procedure in the public sector and the federal Government financial regulations. There is a negative relationship between supervision and custody of stores and the federal Government financial regulations.

From the findings, it is concluded that public officers charged with the duty of managing imprest are meant to adhere strictly with the rules laid down in the financial Regulation and they should also be kept abreast of the rules so as to promote transparency.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The machinery for financial administration of the federation was put in place between 1956 and 1958. The Government Financial Regulations was put in place in 1958, and since then it had seen only two reviews, in 1975/76 and 1990/2000. This was brought about by the 1988 Civil Service Reforms (Oshisami 1992).

The preface of the Commissioner (Minister) for Finance to the Revised Financial Regulations (1976) throws light on the position of government and its expectation on the role of the Financial Regulations in ensuring accountability, prevention of abuse, misuse or misappropriation of government funds (Oshisami, 1992).

Since 1976 when the Financial Regulations were last reviewed and published, the conduct of government business has undergone many transformations. From the mid 1980s especially, anyone with the slightest idea about how the machinery of good government should work, would have noticed that the time-tested ways of conducting government business have degenerated and fallen apart. Compliance with the Public Service Rules and Financial Regulations has been jettisoned and instead, regimes of indiscipline, disorder and arbitrariness were established (Obasanjo, 2000).

The heart of any country’s government administration is the management and control of its public purse. Government business is run in accordance to laid down rules and regulations. Obasanjo (2001) opined that, “All the elements that enhance efficiency, reliability and continuity of the system have been tampered with, resulting in major and saver setbacks for the conduct of government business.

Government business was operated as if laws and rules on longer existed to govern the way and the manner public funds were expended. Public funds were disbursed illegally without recourse to the Financial Regulations: facilities of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Nigeria Security Printing and Minting Company (NSPM) were recklessly abused and the Contingencies Fund was used without regard to the rules governing its operation.

In recent years, the number and monetary value of public sector activities have increased substantially and in Nigeria represent the main determinant of private sector prosperity. This increase in governmental activities and their importance had brought with it an increased clamor for more accountability. Officials and employees who manage these activities need to render adequate and timely accounts of the activities to the public. The public needs to receive reliable and easily understood accountability reports in order to access the performance of those entrusted with public resources.

Thus, the accountability concept is inherent in the governance process of any nation. In fact, the obligations of person or entities, including public enterprises and corporations, entrusted with public resources to be answerable for the fiscal, managerial and other responsibilities that have been conferred on them and to report faithfully and truthfully to those that have conferred these responsibilities on them, is heart and soul of good democratic practice. It is therefore, to ensure that the legitimate processes of accountability are reinforced, that financial, accounting and audit regulations are put in place in the public sector (Owoyemi, 2005).

1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM

The rate of fund misappropriation in the Nigeria public sector is on the increase. This has led to the public asking questions as to the extent of compliance to laid down rules and regulations by the officials saddled with the responsibility of managing public funds.

According to Obasanjo (2000), all the elements that enhance efficiency, reliability and continuity of the system have been tampered with resulting in major and severe setbacks for the conduct of government business.

Some of these questions being asked by the public include:

1. Are payment procedures carried out in line with the federal government financial regulations?

2. How are adjustments to transfer from various government accounts treated?

3. How are bank accounts and cheques managed?

4. How is the custody of public money, stamps, security books and documents, amongst others being arranged for?

5. How do public officers charged with the duty of managing imprest go about it?

6. How is the payroll prepared and controlled?

7. Is the supervision and custody of stores in line with the federal government financial regulations?

8. What is the level of compliance by public/civil servants with the federal government financial regulations while carrying out the accounting functions?

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of this study is to proffer solutions to the problems of government financial management and control. Such objectives include;

1. To ascertain the level of compliance by public/civil servants with the federal government financial regulations while carrying out the accounting function;

2. To find out if payment procedures are in line with the federal government financial regulations;

3. To find out how adjustments to the various government accounts are treated;

4. To find out how bank accounts and cheques are managed;

5. To find out how the custody of public money, stamps, security books and documents amongst others are being arranged for;

6. To find out how public officers charged with the duty of managing imprest go about their duties;

7. To find out whether the preparation and control of the payroll system in the public sector is in line with the federal government financial regulations; and

8. To find out if the supervision and custody stores are in line with the federal government financial regulations.

1.4 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

The following hypotheses direct the thrust of this study.

1. Ho: There is no relationship between payment procedure in the public sector and the federal government financial regulations.

H1: There is a positive relationship between payment procedure in the public sector and the federal government financial regulations.

2. Ho: There is no relationship between supervision and custody of stores and the federal government financial regulations.

H1: There is a positive relationship between supervision and custody of stores and the federal government financial regulations.

3. Ho: The preparation and control of the payroll system in the public sector is not in line with the federal government financial regulations.

H1: The preparation and control of the payroll system in the public sector is in line with the federal government financial regulations.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research will be of a great importance by way of its potentials in expanding the frontiers of knowledge. Thus, emphasis is laid on its academic, economic and social importance. It will fetch practical benefits, which includes the following:

i. The results of this study will be relevant to the government of Nigeria in ensuring that financial plans are implemented according to government decisions and expectations.

ii. It will help in sensitizing the government of Nigeria in ensuring that all relevant guidelines and regulations are used correctly in order to secure acceptable accountability of, and transparency in the use of public funds.

iii. It will enable the government to make informed decisions on the allocation of its resources.

iv. It will help to create awareness on the part of government employees to account for their financial activities.

v. It will also lend to public credibility of the activities of public servants in managing and controlling public funds.

1.6 SCOPE OF STUDY

The study was restricted to the Nigerian public sector, specifically the federal and state public services. It was the researcher’s conviction that apart from it being the engine room for economic development in Nigeria, the sector had witnessed tremendous growth and development over time.

Ministries/Extra-Ministerial Departments in Edo State were selected for the survey. A geographical scope of the study, broke into system of accounting for public funds and the compliance to rules and regulations guiding such system, was adopted. The aim was to facilitate a thorough analysis of the Ministries/Extra-Ministerial Departments’ implementation of rules and regulations guiding their system of accounting.

1.7 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Amendment: This involves a minor change or an addition to a constitution, a law, rule, statue decree, etc.

2. Competence: The ability, authority, skill and knowledge that is necessary for the management people and resources in an organization.

3. Control: The power to govern the financing policies of another entity so as to benefit from its activities.

4. Extra–Ministerial Departments: These organizations of the federal or state government to serve as controls or checks to the federal or state ministries. They help to monitor the federal and state ministries and professionals in the specific field usually head them.

5. Financial Authority: The legal formalities in the area of public sector accounting and financial control. They include laws, rules, regulations, customers and accepted norms of behavior.

6. Public Officer: This refers to the holder of any public office, including any person appointed to act in any such office.

7. Public Service: This is a service provided to people because such service will help them and not for profit.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ATTITUDE OF FEMALE STUDENTS TO BUSINESS STUDIES

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ABSTRACT

In the area of business, female tend to have larger numerical strength while relatively few male are known to be highly qualified as business educators. This is also most an accepted view by every male that female should always dominate the field of business education. As a result of this, male students in our institutions of learning have tended to develop every poor attitude to the studies of business education. For instance, majority of male students tend to study art related subjects both in secondary schools and higher institutions of learning than they do in the business education courses. The problems is that this tend of female domination in the business has continued to grow from year to year and it seemed as if it is an accepted phenomenon. It is against this background that this study is intended to investigate the factors which affect the attitude of female students to business subjects.

To provide focus for the study, five research questions were formulated. Thus,

i. What is the attitude of female students to business subjects?

ii. What are the factors that influence female students’ attitude towards the study of business subjects?

iii. Is there any significant relationship between practical lessons and attitude of students in business subjects?

iv. Has career preference any influence on the attitude of female students towards business subjects.

v. Do incompetent business teachers influence the attitude of female students towards business subjects?

The population comprised of all female students from the selected secondary schools in Esan Central local government area of Edo state. The sample was made up of 200 students randomly selected from six secondary schools in Esan Central local government area of Edo state. To answer the formulated questions, a questionnaire of twenty four items was designed and administered to 200 students from six secondary schools in Esan central local government area of Edo state. Data collected from these 200 respondents were analysed by means of simple percentage. And data interpretations were based on the analysis.

In view of the collected and analyzed data, the following findings were made. The attitude of female students towards the study of business subjects in Esan central local government areas of Edo state is high. The availability of materials and textbooks influenced the students have a positive attitude towards the study of business subjects.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Chapter one – introduction

Background of the study

Statement of problem

Research questions

Purpose of the study

Basic assumption

Significance of study

Delimitation of the study

Limitation of the study

Definition of terms

Chapter two – Literature Review

– Female students attitude to business studies

– Sex difference in business achievement

– Factors influencing students attitude towards business subjects

– Teachers qualification

– Parents qualification

– Location

Chapter three – Research Methodology

Design of the study

Population of the study

Sample/sampling technique

Instruments

Validity of the questionnaire

Reliability of the instrument

Method of data collection

Method of data analysis

Chapter four

Analysis, interpretation and discussion of data

Data analysis

Findings relating to research questions

Discussions

Chapter five

Summary, conclusion and recommendation

Summary

Conclusion

Recommendation

Suggestion for further studies

Reference

Questionnaire

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Business studies are generally seen to be more theoretical, conceptual and academically more than the new vocationally focused applied business. The applied business course has much practical emphasis. This is in line with the secondary education.

At the university level in many countries, its study combines accounting, economics, finance, marketing and organizational behaviour. However, these topics are taught somewhat differently depending on which board the examination.

The study of business took its sound footing right from the beginning of 20th century when curriculum planners and educators developed strong interest in the study of business in schools.

In Nigeria, senior secondary school, many subjects are being offered among which are business subjects which include commerce, economics, book-keeping, type writing, shorthand and mathematics.

According to Williams {1986} “the most notable areas of need for improvement is the pedagogical and other related aspects of business education with special reference to females”. She is of the view that females in the world from the ancient time have always been regarded as being inferior to males in all facets of life. According to her, if women are given a chance they can lead the men to achieve great heights.

In the area of business specialists, educators, women tend to have larger numerical strength while relatively few men are known to be highly qualified as business educators. This is almost an accepted view by every men that women should always dominate the field of business education.

As a result of the above, female students in our institutions of learning have tended to develop very poor attitude to the studies of business education. It is against this background that this study is intended to investigate the factors, which affect the attitude of female students to business studies.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

Business is studied in almost all primary school, secondary school and higher institution of learning. In most cases both males and females are exposed to business education classes. However, it is unfortunate that female students tend to dominate business classes in that more of them enter in for business subjects at the West African school certificate level, consequently, most females left the secondary school as capable hands for further studies in the business. This continues over in the universities, and more female tend to register for the business where as percentage of male students in the universities and college of education register for sciences for instance, in the university of Benin, eventually all the science education programmes, education, physics, education, chemistry, education mathematics, and education biology, male students tend to dominate the female students at least numerically.

The problems are that this trend for male domination in the sciences has continued to grow from year to year and it seemed as if it is an accepted phenomenon. But naturally, there is known biological differences between male and female students associated with their performance in business courses, which tend to support males dominance in the field of science education. There is a feeling by some people that female students in institutions of learning in Esan central Local government area of Edo State are not serious in business studies. But there has not been any known empirical study that investigated the factors responsible for this fact. This study is to identify the factor which influences the attitude of female students to business studies in Esan Central Local Government Area of Edo State.

1.3 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. What is the attitude of female students to business subjects?

2. What are the factors that influence female student’s attitude towards the study of business subject?

3. Is there any significant relationship between practical lessons and attitude of students towards business subjects?

4. Has career preference any influence on the attitude of female students towards business subjects.

5. Do incompetent business teachers influence the attitude of female students towards business subjects?

1.4 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of study is to identify the factors which influence the attitude of female students to business studies in Esan Central Local Government Area of Edo State.

This study will:

1. Find out if availability of equipment and textbooks for teaching and learning in secondary schools can influence female’s student’s attitude to business subjects.

2. Determine whether business practical lessons affect the attitude of female students to business subjects.

3. Find out whether career preference has any effect on the attitude of female students towards business education.

4. Determine whether incompetent business teachers influence the attitude of female students towards business studies.

5. Determine whether parent’s educational background affects the attitude of female students towards business subjects.

6. To determine whether teacher’s motivation can increase student’s interest in business subject.

1.5 BASIC ASSUMPTION

It is assumed that the female attitude to business studies is conditioned by their perception of business subjects. Also that the female students choice of business subject varies from student to students, given diverse interaction variables, socio-status, educational and even personal factors.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study, influencing female students attitude to business studies in esan central local government area of Edo State will help reveal some of the factors which influence female attitude to business studies courses. It helps students improve their attitude. Also help curriculum planners identify areas of emphasis in the planning of business study curriculum. Not the last, it will serve as a basis for further research.

It will help business studies identify areas of concentration in business studies.

1.7 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study population is made up of all the forty-one secondary school in Esan Central Local Government Area of Edo State. These schools are made up of 25 mixed schools, 10 girls schools and 6 boys schools. Out of these, a random sampling of 10 schools which consists of 4 girls schools, 3 boys schools and 3 mixed schools were selected.

The research subjects are made up of senior secondary two (SSII) students and some heads of department of business subjects in the selected schools in Esan Central Local Government Area of Edo State.

1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Attitude: this is an acquired disposition to respond in a certain way towards an object or situation.

Business: are these activities that provides good and services needed by the people for the purpose of profit making.

Business subject: these are subject that introduce students to produce product, buy and sell good or provide some kinds of services in other to earn profit. These subjects include. Business study economic, commerce, vocational and technical studies art craft, marketing and organization be.

Urban schools: school located in settlement where amenities such as pipe borne water, electricity, recreational centers, good road etc are available like local government head quarters.

Rural schools: school located in settlement where the above-mentioned social amenities are not available.

Mixed schools: An institution made up of both boys and girls in post primary level.

Signed schools an institution of learning made up of either boys or girls only still in the post-primary level.

Qualification of teachers: teacher who has the necessary ability experience and knowledge in the subject area

Education: is a process of teaching, training and learning especially in schools or colleges to improve knowledge and develop skills.

Career: job or profession that someone has been trained for and intend to do for several years.

Preference: preferring one thing more than any thing else.

FACTORS MILITATING AGAINST THE MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS

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