Category Archives: Management project topics and materials preview

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS PREVIEW, Management project topics and materials preview, Public Administration Project Topics And Material preview

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTONOMY AND GRASS ROOT DEVELOPMENT

Leave a comment

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTONOMY AND GRASS ROOT DEVELOPMENT (A CASE  OF NSUKKA LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF ENUGU STATE)

 

 

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 3000 NAIRA

 

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

We also accept :   ATM transfer , online money  transfer 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>

Call Help Desk Line :  08074466939,08063386834.

After Payment Send Your Payment Details To

08074466939 Or 08063386834,   The Project Title  You  Selected On Our Website , Amount Paid, Depositor Name, Your Email Address, Payment Date. You Will Receive Your Material In Less Than 1 Hour Once We Confirm Your Payment.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

You may also need:  web design company in Nigeria   

Bulk sms company in Nigeria

 

 

ABSTRACT

Local government  Autonomy and grass root development ( A case of Nsukka Local government of Enugu state). The purpose of the study is to determine how local government autonomy has affected grass root development in Nsukka Local government Area of Enugu State. A total population of seven hundred and fifth staff working at Nsukka Local government was chosen for the study. The sample for the study was 213 staff using yaro yamani method. Three (3) research questions were formulated to guide the study. Data analysis was done using simple percentage.

 

The major findings of the study were: Nsukka Local government lacks political autonomy as the State government interferes in their bye-law and policy making process, the Local government is not been financed properly and even when financed the State will hinder such by interfering through the State joint Local government Account, administratively, the state determine, discipline, recruit, promote etc the Local government staff and thereby denying administrative autonomy over their personnel. Despite these problems, it was recommended that: Nsukka Local government should have control over it’s finance, their personnel should be appointed, recruited, promoted, discipline by themselves. They should equally make their bye-law and other policy making themselves so as to boost it’s autonomy.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE:

INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………..1

1.0     Background of the study ……………………………………….………1

  • Statement of problem……………………………………………………5
  • Purpose of the study…………………………………………….………7
  • Research Question ………………………………………………………8
  • Statement Hypothesis ……………………………..……………………9
  • Theoretical frame work………………………………………..………10
  • Significance of the study………………………………………………11
  • Scope of the study……………………………………..………………12
  • Limitation of the study…………………………………………………12
  • Definition of terms …………………………………………………..13

 

 

CHAPTER TWO:

Review Literature ……………………………………………………………16

  • Introduction …………………………………………………..………16
  • Indices for measuring Local Government autonomy………….…….19
  • The quest for Local Government autonomy and 1976 Local Government reform………………………………………………….20
  • Gras root development ………………………………………………22
  • Challenges to full Local Government autonomy…………..………..24
  • Summary of the literature Review ………………………………….25

 

CHAPTER  THREE:

RESEARCH DESING AND METHODOLOGY…………………….…….27

3.0     Design of the study………………………………………………….27

3.1     Area of the study……………………………………………….…….27

3.2     Population of the study………………………………………..…….28

3.3     Sample size / sampling techniques…………………………….…….28

3.4     Instrument  for data collection ………………………………..…….29

3.5     Reliability of  the instruments ………………………………….……….29

3.6     Validity of the instruments ……………………………………………….29

3.7     Distribution and Retrieval of the instrument  ……………………….29

3.8     Method of  data Analysis …………………………………………….30

CHAPTER FOUR:

4.0     DATA  PRESENTATION  AND ANALYSIS ……………………………31

4.1     Data  Presentation  and Analysis …………………………………….31

4.2     Analysis of research question …………………………….………….32

4.3     Testing of Hypothesis    ……………………………………….…….39

4.4     Interpretation of results ……………………………………………….48

CHAPTER  FIVE:

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS / CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

  • Summary of Findings ………………………………………………….49
  • Conclusion ……………………………………….……………………….51
  • Recommendation ……………………………………………………….52

References………………………………………………………………….54

Appendix A………………………………………………………….…….55

Questionnaires …………………………………………….……….…….56

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

 

  • BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

 

The struggle for Local Government Autonomy in Nigeria has been a recurring issue. It is as old as the history of Nigeria colonial state. Local government Administration practiced anywhere in the world is largely dependent on the historical, geographical, political and economic life of the citizens. Nigeria with a long history of slavery. Colonization, as well as military and civilian administration which have to a large extent determined the system of local government Administration up till date. This work intend accessing the various reforms or ordinance that the local government system in Nigeria has witnessed since 1914 during the amalgamation of the Northern and Southern protectorate by Fredrick Lord Laggard.

 

The Local Government during this period of 1914 is based on the Native Authority system whereby indirect rule and exploitation was the order of the day. According to Ogunna (1996), Native Authority is the traditional political authority at the Local Level which formed part of the machinery of British colonial government charged with the responsibilities of maintaining law and order. Based on the Native Authority ordinance of 1916, a unified Local Government System was established in the Northern part because of their Emirate system of Administration practice before the colonial Administration. This Native Authority was later extended to the East and South with varying degree of success. This native Authority did not satisfy the needs and aspiration of the local people and it arouse agitation from the rural citizens especially from the educated elites in the southern Nigeria craving or desiring for a greater participation in their own affair.

The Native Authority Ordinance failed because it has no autonomy to meet up with the demands of the citizen and as a result, the first Local Government reform was ushered in. Thus after the second World War in 1945, the colonial policies on Local Government changed coupled with the demands for greater participation and this led to the adoption of the representative or liberal democratic system of Local Government in the 1950s.

 

The 1950 Local Government reform serves as a foundation on which modern Local Government was built in Nigeria as it abolished the native Authority system. This reform paved way for the following features in Local Government system; it has a three tier system (country, district and local council), it was granted the power of taxation as a source of funding, it introduced popularly elected Local Government council but the franchise is based on tax payers and it equally recognize that the Local Government should be given adequate autonomy as the council were given financial and Administrative power. According to Ogunna (1996). This reform introduced representative democratic Local Government system on the negative side. It suffered from conflicts among the tiers, inadequate funding, poor staffing, bribery and mal administration. As a result of these problems coupled with intense politicking, no reform could be initiated until the military seized power in 1966 which rudely terminated the first republic. The 1966 Local Government reform was to correct the ills of the Local Government system they inherited.

 

However, all these reforms did not ensure a complete autonomy of Local Government system until the introduction of the 1976 Local Government reform under the military administration of General Olusegun Obasanjo. This reform marked a turning point in Local Government Administration in the country. This reform were the federal government response to the recommendation of Chief Jerome Udoji public service review commission of 1974. The reform aim to make the Local Government more effective in their primary role of bringing development to the grassroots. It established a multi-purpose single tier system throughout the country, with the same structure and function. Local Government were recognized as a third tier of government with the federal structure. It provided for the Local Government to receive their statutory allocation from Federal Government through the State

Government. They were democratized through popular or indirect election. The Local Government were given specific function to perform and enshrined in the fourth schedule of the 1979 constitution. Local Government were granted a relatively high level of autonomy.

From all indications, this reform is very important and distinct from other reforms and that is why Adamolekun (1979:3) has observed, what distinguished the 1976 Local Government reform from all the previous reform exercise in the country is the formal and clearly recognition of the Local Government as constituting a distinct level of government with definite boundaries, clearly stated functions and provision for ensuring adequate human and financial resources.

Despite all these constitutional provisions which granted the Local Government autonomy in all ramifications, there is still little or no development they have brought to the rural dwellers which ought to be their utmost share from the National cake.

At this juncture, the researcher is solely directed at accessing the impact, status, entity and autonomous existence of Nsukka Local Government in the development of their grass root.

1.1         STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The rate of interference and control which the State and Federal Government put on Nigerian Local Government cannot be over emphasized. This which has eaten up the Local Government, does not only affect the Local Government Chairmen and Councilors but as well as the local people who feel neglected in the National cake, resources, and revenue allocations, the high rate of over dependency by the Local Government on the federal and state Government in terms of finance administration. Some Authors, scholar and Administrator argue that this tier of government should be scraped away irrespective of it’s constitutional and legal frame work.

To the Chairman and Councilors, it posses a problem as regards to law making, policies and implementation functions allocated to them by the constitution.

Administratively, the personnel and human resources management of the Local Government in term of recruitment, promotion, security and disciplines staff within it’s area of jurisdiction is not free and fair. The State and Federal Government control them through the introduction of the integrated staff system.

Financially, Local Government do not enjoy autonomy. Their freedom to impose local taxes, generate and allocate revenue within it’s assigned source, allocates it’s financial and material resources, determine and authorize it’s budget is greatly influence by both the Federal and State Government. The statutory allocation which they receive through the State -joint Local Government Account is highly hampered by the State Governors.

Therefore, it is these view that the researcher deem it necessary to examine and access how autonomous Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu state is in relation to grass root development.

  • PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The main objectives of this research work is to determine how Local Government Autonomy has affected the grass root development in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State.

However, in specific terms, the study is based at the following points:

I       To acertain whether the process of law making and policy implementation by the Councilors and Chairmen affects the grass root development of Nsukka Local Government Area.

ii      To determine how the personnel Administration of Nsukka Local Government Area hampers it’s grass root development

iii     To determine whether State interference in the financial allocation of Nsukka Local Government affects it’s grass root development.

1.3   RESEARCH QUESTION

The following research questions has been constructed as a guide to the success of this research work in order to obtain a useful result.

I       To  what extent has the process of law making and policy implementation by the Councilors and Chairmen affects the grass  root development of Nsukka Local Government Area.

ii      To what extent has the personnel Administration in Nsukka Local Government hampers it’s grass root development.

iii     To what extent has the State interference in the financial allocation of Nsukka Local Government affects it’s grass root development.

1.4   STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS

Ho:   Law making process and policy implementation by the Councilors and Chairmen does not affect the grass root development of Nsukka Local Government Area.

Hi:    Law making process and policy implementation by the councilors and chairman does not affect the grass root development of Nsukka Local Government Area.

Ho:   The personnel Administration of Nsukka local government does not hamper it’s grass root development.

Hi:    The personnel Administration of Nsukka local government does not hamper it’s grass root development.

Ho:   The State interference in the financial allocation of Nsukka Local Government does not affect it’s grass root development.

Hi:    The State interference in the financial allocation of Nsukka Local Government does not affect it’s grass root development.

  • THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The researcher employ General system theory in the course of this work.

This theory has so many writers on it such as Almond (1960), Easton (1965), Adamolekun (1983) and Offiong (1996). This theory argue that every system, including political system has a sub-system, including political system has a sub-system which make up the entire system. They have assigned function and provided with enabling empowerment, including resources, appropriate authority that enable them discharge their responsibility optimally.

 

Applying this brief exposition of the political system analysis to the Nigerian local government system, the local government in the country constitute the sub-system. They must be handled well in terms of being fed with adequate inputs (that is resources and appropriate authorities) as provided in the constitution of the federal republic of Nigeria so that they can contribute appropriately to the goals of Nigerian political system as well as it’s stability. Form these, it is very useful to realize the importance of the general system theory in handling Local Government Autonomy in Nigeria.

They has been assigned with responsibilities to perform which benefit the people, not as part of Federal or State Government. So, if Local Government is not treated as a sub-system, it will bring frustration to the performance of their function and on the long run bring dissatisfaction among the rural people and their National cake will be neglected too.

  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This research work would be of benefit to the rural people in Nsukka Local Government of Enugu State. At the end of this work, the rural people will be able to enjoy their constitutional right which is rural development and when such is granted to them, they will no longer feel neglected in the National cake which has been their utmost need from the Local Government.

For scholars, researchers and Authors, they could also use or gather information to review this work and also use it as a reference to any related work they are writing since this work is reliable and validated.

1.7   SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Local Government Autonomy and Grass root development. A of study of Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State.

1.8   LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The researcher encountered so many constraint while carrying out this research work. The problems and the solutions are as follows: lack of power supply by the Enugu electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) Since power supply has been a serious problem in Oko community, the researcher re-schedule reading at night to day time so as to avoid the problem of power supply.

Lack of fund: This problem was solved as it propel the researcher to borrow money from friend and families to supplement the cash saved before this work.

Lack of time: The researcher adjusted most of it’s programmes that does not add any value to the success of this work.

Lack of material: Since there is no sufficient material for the research work, the researcher joined a study group were most of the problems confronting the work is discussed and settle. The researcher equally made out time to visit the cyber café for more information so as to supplement the information gotten from study group.

These are the problems encountered by the researcher and how the researcher equally over come it so as to make this work successful.

 

1.9   DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

The following terms are used in this study which have unique meaning that could be subjected to different meaning form different persons; are defined as follows:

GOVERNMENT: It is a machinery through which the will of a State (country) is formulated expressed and attained

AUTONOMY: It is the freedom for a country, a region or an organization to govern itself independently; the ability to act and make decision without being controlled by anyone.

REFORM: This means the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt and unsatisfactory.

ORDINANCE: It is a degree or law promulgated by a state or National Government without the consent of the legislature such as for raising revenue through new taxes or mobilization of resources during an emergency.

AUTHORITY: It is define as the process or right to give order and enforce obedience.

ALLOCATION: It means an authorization to incur expenses or obligation up to a specific amount, purpose and within a specified period.

ENTITY EXISTENCE:  A Government or organization is said to be an entity if it has the ability with essential corporate power, names to engage into contract, sue and be sued and acquire properties.

DEVELOPMENT: It means a process in whitish something passes by degree to a different stage (especially a more advanced or mature stage).

GOVERNMENT AS A TIER: A government character and entity existence.

NATIVE: Characteristics of or existing by virtue of geographic origin.

ADMINISTRATION: Is all about getting things done with co-coordinated effort of man using effective use of other available resources to get things done.

PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT: It is that part of management process which is primarily concerned with human constituents in an organization.

CONSTITUTION: It is a whole body, fundamental laws, custom belief etc according to a particular state operation.

 

complete materials cost 3000 naira

Order complete material here

 

Business Administration Project MaterialS topics preview, BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS PREVIEW, Management project topics and materials preview

LEADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION AS ESSENTIAL TOOLS FOR ORGANISATIONAL GROWTH AND EXPANSION

Leave a comment

LEADERSHIP AND MOTIVATION AS ESSENTIAL TOOLS FOR ORGANISATIONAL GROWTH AND EXPANSION ( A CASE STUDY OF UNION BANK PLC, ABA)

 

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 3000 NAIRA

 

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

We also accept :   ATM transfer , online money  transfer 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>

Call Help Desk Line :  08074466939,08063386834.

After Payment Send Your Payment Details To

08074466939 Or 08063386834,   The Project Title  You  Selected On Our Website , Amount Paid, Depositor Name, Your Email Address, Payment Date. You Will Receive Your Material In Less Than 1 Hour Once We Confirm Your Payment.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

You may also need:  web design company in Nigeria   

Bulk sms company in Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

(People entering employing organization) go into these organization with a lot of expectation in mind, in most cases, they (seek) good salary and other motivational factors if they are to be retained in the organization these motivation. Job security, efficient medical services, pension scheme, recognition, transportation, housing, good working condition, promotion among others. Where these leadership appear adequate and meet the expectation of staff. They are retained. Apart from its ability to retain the staff, good leadership system is also capable of motivating work to put in their best in the performance of their efforts are adequately rewarded. Absence of good reward would bring about decline in performance, which will automatically effects the organizational growth in order to get the best out of staff, banks try to motivate their staff in such a way that they are motivated to perform at their best so as to increase the growth of their organization there by entiancing profit. It is in recognition of these facts that we want to examine the leadership and motivation of union bank Plc, using their branch at Aba as a case study to find out if staff are well motivated so as to enable it compete favourably with other financial / institutes / Banking industries in the country and the researchers findings pointed to the fact that leadership and motivation bring about the growth of an organization.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1      Background of the study

1.2      Statement of the problem

1.3      Objectives of the study

1.4      Research questions

1.5      Research Hypotheses

1.6      Significance of the study

1.7      Scope and limitations of the study

1.8      Definition of terms

 

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.0      Introduction

2.1      Non-financial motivation

2.2      Philosophies of human nature and motivation

2.3      Expectancy motivation theory (Victor Vroom)

2.4      Situation / contingency theory of leadership

2.5      Motivation of the Nigeria worker

2.6      Summary of review of related literature

 

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0      Introduction

3.1      Research Design

3.2      Area of the study

3.3      Population of the study

3.4      Sample and Sampling technique

3.5      Methods of Data collection

3.6      Methods of Data Analysis

 

CHAPTER FOUR

PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

4.0      Introduction

4.1      Analysis of questionnaire

4.2      Result of testing of hypothesis

 

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1      Restatement of the problem

5.2      Summary of findings

5.3      Conclusion

5.4      Recommendations

5.5      Suggestion for further study

References

Questionnaire.

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

 

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The most important human activities is leadership questions and motivation, ever since people began forming groups to accomplish aims, they could not achieve their aims as individuals. Leadership has been essential to ensure the coordination of individual efforts. A society has come to rely increasingly on group efforts and as many organized group have become large, the task of leaders has been rising in importance.

Leadership we know have no universal definition some leadership scholars have defined it according to their views.

Therefore leadership could be seen as a social influencing process for the attainment of goals. A leader is the most influential person in an organization who provides direction, guides group activities and ensures that group objectives are attained (Nwachukwu, 1999:146) furthermore he saw leadership as a process where one person exerts social influence over the members of a group.

Motivation are those various reason why people work, may be to earn respect among associate to earn salary and wages to acquire prestige and honour. In all these variety of reasons, culture seems to be a determing factor what actual make the between healing and sick organization and the worker. According to Howell and Dipboye (1982) they mostly depends on organization ability to discover sustain and meet the workers need.

Therefore motivation can be seen as what ever thing that makers a person to bring out his or her best.

Management is the process of utilizing resources of a firm that accomplish designated objectives.

  1. PROFILE OF UNION BANK PLC, ABA

Union Bank of Nigeria Plc was established in 1917 as a colonial Bank with its fist branch in Lagos. In 1925, Bardays Bank acquired the colonial Bank, which resulted in the change of the Bank’s name to Bardays Bank (Dominion colonial and overseas). Following the enactment to be incorporated locally, Barclays Bank (D.C.O) in 1969 was incorporated as Barclays Bank of Nigeria Limited. The ownership structure of Bardays Bank emained un-changed until 1971 when 8.33% of the Banks shares were offered to Nigerians in the same year, the Bank was listed on the Nigerian stock exchange. As a result of the Nigerian Enterprises Promotion Act of 1972, the federal government of Nigeria acquired 51.67% of the Bank shares, which left Bardays Bank Plc, London with only 40%. By the enactment of the 1972 and 1977 Nigeria Enterprises promotion Acts, Bardays Bank International disposed its share holding to Nigeria in 1979. To reflect the new ownership structure and in compliance the name Union Bank of Nigeria Plc.

Union Bank Group operates an interlocking organizational structure whereby some board members of union Bank of Nigerian Plc act as external directors in subsidiaries and associated companies. This arrangement, ensures effective oversight and participation in the decision making process of these companies thereby safeguarding the Banks investments.

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Management of organization have over the years been faced with a lot of problems which have in one way or the other hindered organizational growth and development some of these problems could be seen as follow: indiscipline of workers, high rate of absenteeism, high labour turn-over, job irritability, lack of motivation and reduced productivity.

INDISCIPLINE OF WORKER: This has contributed a lot to the problems of organizations. Some workers have been found in the habit of disobeying simple instructions from their superiors, which in one way or the other jeopardize organizational growth and development.

HIGH RATE OF ABSENTEEISM:- The rate at which workers absent themselves from duty without permission from the appropriate authority for reasons best known to them have really pose a problem on management of organizations.

HIGH LABOUR TURN OVER:- The rate at which people go out of an organization (skilled and unskilled workers) is also a problem which have retard productivity in many organizations.

JOB IRRITABILITY: This may come as a result of tiredness of the job, due to lack of enthusian on the said job. This is also a problem to organization.

Lack of motivation:- eg low pay, poor performance appraisal lack of staff training and lack of staff promotion will retard workers from doing their work effectively and efficiently since their efforts are not rewarded as at when due.

REDUCED PRODUCTIVITY: This is also a problem to management of organization. When productivity is reduced, an organization tends to suffer.

1.3     OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The researcher tends to find out the effects of leadership and motivation in management of organizations she find out this research work in order to know the effect of autocratic and laisser faire styles of leadership on workers productivity and how best to boast employees morale and increase their sense of belonging which in turn will lead to increased productivity in organization. She tends to discover how best leadership and motivation will minimize the problems encountered by organizations. This study aims at determing the clausable course and effect relationship by observing existing consequences and then reflecting back on the data so collecting clause able courses e.g A researcher. Who wants to find out the effect of class size on the performance of students should compare the class size of some years and corresponding the over all performance of the class for several group, this involves an investigation past event, development and experiment. Investigation comprises a thorough evaluation and analysis of evidences in order to establish facts.

One which sees to abstain how some dimension valuables or characteristics of a given population change with time. The study attempts to describe the nature and degree of growth maturity and valuations in behaviours among members of the group.

1.4     RESEARCH QUESTIONS

This research project tends to answer the following questions.

1)      What are the effect of leadership and motivation on management of organizations?

2)      Does the type of leadership practiced affect employees morale and consequently their output

3)      Is there any effect of employee’s behavior on organizational productivity?

1.5     RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

A hypothesis is a proposition assumed for the sake of argument or a theory to be proved or disproved by to facts. It is an assumed answer to a problem. It is also a guide to a research work.

H01: Lack of motivation in organization does not lead to low productivity.

H02: The type of leadership an organization practiced does not affect employee’s morale and their output.

1.6     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The significance of this research work lends creduce to this exercise. It serves as an enlightenment to management of organizations on how best to boost the morale of their employees through motivation which in turn increases their sense of belonging and their output. This work will also serve as a panacea to management of organizations in arriving at dependable solutions to management consultants. This work will serve as a guide to political leaders on the type of leadership style they will adopt, which will faster peace and stability in the society.

This work will serve as a guideline for future researchers to critically examine the concept of leadership and motivation on effective management f organization. This work is also significant to the researcher for the fulfillment f the award of the High National Diploma.

1.7     SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This research work is restricted to the office of Union Bank of Nigeria Plc, Aba branch. It is limited to the effect of leadership and motivation in management of organization. All thing been equal, the researcher would like to cover as much area as possible but it is impossible because of some circumstances, which was beyond his control.

The constraints could be seen as follows: Finance, lack of time due to the tight schedule of academic calendar, unwillingness of some of the respondents to answer questions, posed by the researcher, rainfalls which restricted the researchers movement and act of God. All these place limitation on the extent the researcher can go.

 

INTERNATIONAL  RELATION PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS FREE DOWNLOAD 

1.8     DEFINITION OF TERMS

1)      Motivation: Can be defined as a process of the reason one does or behaves in a particular way. He is motivated entirely by self interest. To make what to do especially that involves hard work and effort.

2)      Organizational: Can be defined as a group of people who from a business, club, etc. together in order to achieve a particular aim. To work for a business (political) voluntary organization, the world health organization. He’s the president of a large international organization.

3)      Leadership: It state or position of being a leader. Leadership it is the ability to be a leader or the qualities a good leader should have: leadership qualities / skills, strong leader is needed to captain the team. A group of leaders of a particular organization, etc.

4)      Growth: It is the process (of people animals or plants) the process of growing physically, mentally or emotionally, lack of water will stunt the plant’s growth. Remove dead leaves to encourage new growth a concern with personal (mental and emotional) growth and development, growth hormones designed to make grow faster.

5)      Management: The term management has been used in different way’s to describe an essential aspect of organizational activities which determine how people should work and the materials to be used in achieving organizational goals.

6)      Business: The term business has been generally defined as an occupation, task or duty which a person undertakes to earn a living.

7)      Economic system: The economic system determines the pattern of ownership of factors of production and economic resources and the production and distribution of goods and services.

8)      Organizing: Is defined as involving the determination of activities to be performed in order to achieve goals.

9)      Communication: Is the medium through which information is passed. In essence, to communicated is to pass information. Information is anything that reduces or eliminates the uncertainty in any given situation. Information is needed by everyone working in an organization to do his or her duty very well.

10)    Information system: Is a set of resources man, materials and procedure defined to attain information goals within a socio-economic environment which produces and utilizes the system as tool for development (Hayes, 1975).

 

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Complete material cost 3000 Naira

Order complete material here

 

Accounting Project Topics and Materials Preview, Business Administration Project MaterialS topics preview, Management project topics and materials preview, Public Administration Project Topics And Material preview

NAIRA EXCHANGE RATE DEPRECIATION AND DOMESTIC INFLATION IN NIGERIA

Leave a comment

NAIRA EXCHANGE RATE DEPRECIATION AND DOMESTIC INFLATION IN NIGERIA

C

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST #3000 NAIRA

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

We also accept :   ATM transfer , online money  transfer 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>

Call Help Desk Line :  08074466939,08063386834.

After Payment Send Your Payment Details To

08074466939 Or 08063386834,   The Project Title  You  Selected On Our Website , Amount Paid, Depositor Name, Your Email Address, Payment Date. You Will Receive Your Material In Less Than 1 Hour Once We Confirm Your Payment.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

You may also need:  web design company in Nigeria   

Bulk sms company in Nigeria

                               

ABSTRACT

The research work critically examined the extent to which naira exchange rate depreciation had affected domestic inflationary rate in Nigeria between 1985 – 2000. Therefore, in this study, the researcher examined the trend of inflation and exchange and the relationship between the two variables.   A model was specified to show the relationship between both variables.  Also interest rate was included in the model as one of the variables that affect inflation.The model was then estimated using multiple regression method and variable statistical tests where carried out on the regression equation. The result was analyzed accordingly. Moreover, the result of the statistical test shows that exchange rate depreciation of Naira is significant in explaining variation in the rate of inflation.

Finally, the data for the project work was collected from most recent years in order to make finding, adequate in explaining the cause of inflation in recent times.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page                                                                                          ii

Approval page                                                                                  iii

Dedication                                                                                         iv

Certification                                                                                                v

Acknowledgement                                                                                      vi

Abstract                                                                                            vii

Table of contents                                                                              viii

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction                                                                                                1

1.1            Background to the study                                                                   1

1.2            Statement of problem                                                              3

1.3            Significance of study                                                               5

1.4            Objective of the study                                                             5

1.5            Research hypothesis                                                                6

1.6            Scope of study                                                                        7

1.7            Definition of terms                                                                            7

Reference                                                                                 8

CHAPTER TWO                                     

Literature review                                                                               9

2.1            The concept of exchange rate                                                  9

2.2            Exchange rate management in Nigeria                                     19

2.3            Inflation – a concept                                                                28

2.4            Theories of inflation                                                                32

2.5            Inflation in Nigeria                                                                  37

2.6            Exchange rate depreciation and inflation in Nigeria                          41

2.7            Empirical evidence                                                                  43

Reference                                                                                 46

CHAPTER THREE

Research methodology                                                                      48

3.1            Method of data collection and analysis                                   48

3.2            Theoretical framework and model specification                      48

Reference                                                                                 53

CHAPTER FOUR      

Analysis of result                                                                    54

4.1            Presentation of result                                                              54

4.2            Analysis of result                                                                    55

CHAPTER FIVE

Summary, conclusion and recommendation                                               57

5.1            Summary                                                                                 57

5.2            Conclusion                                                                              58

5.3            Recommendation                                                                     58

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

 

INTRODUCTION

1.1            BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The naira exchange rate depreciation coupled with persist increase in the inflationary rate has been a major bane on economy of Nigeria.  To a layman inflation is a phenomena to embrace as his income increases daily without knowing the harmful side of such an increase.  Whether there is anything like depreciation or an improvement in the exchange or whether is income is nominal or real the layman do not know.

But this complementary problems so to say of naira exchange rate depreciation and inflation has been a thought of obesity in the hearts of Nigerians past and present governments and many patriotic Nigerians.

The pegging of, inflation in Nigeria can be said to be a direct result of the policies of the country’s governments to stimulate a fast rate of economic growth and development, since 1951 when the ministerial government was introduced between 1984 and 1986, the naira was quoted against dollar and pounds as the only intervening currencies which was in line with the International Monetary Fund (I.M.F) demand.  I.M.F had earlier complained that naira exchange rate was rising above the stipulated 2% limit.  The naira was then devalued at 1.000 4 US dollar.  The inflation rate in Nigeria was not serious problem before her independence.  But immediately after the civil war i.e. from 1970’s, the inflation rate in Nigeria took another dimension.  The value of naira as against dollar and pounds sterling started to deteriorate, in 1970, it was a naira to 1.400 dollar and 0.584 pounds sterling.  In 1971, it was 1.44 dollar and 0.582 pounds sterling to a naira.  In 1973, it was 1.519 dollar and 0.614 pounds sterling to a naira.  In 1974 it was 1.589 and 0.675 pounds sterling to naira which increased to 1.623 dollars and 0.734 pounds sterling in 1975 as a result of Udoji salary award of 1974 increased wage extensively.  Higher wages increased the purchasing power of consumers thus, leading to increase in their prices.

The introduction of Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP), and second-Tier Foreign Exchange (SFEM) in 1986 on one of government’s major policy packages, was aimed at making the over, valued naira exchange rate more realistic and responsive to market forces.  Regrettably, C. Anyanwu (1989) observed, the SAP/SEFEM was a disaster that was fast destroying the foundation of Nigeria economy.  There was consequent persistence of exchange rate depreciation of the naira (from 1.5691 naira to 1.0 dollar at the end of September 1986, 7.8950 naira to 1.0 dollar by mid February 1990).  Also by August 1998, the dollar was sold for 21.9960 naira at the Foreign Exchange Market (FEM) while at parallel market it was sold for 45 naira.  The value of naira continued to depreciate to the extent that the exchange rate was less than one dollar to a naira before 1990.  It was 0.119 US dollar to a naira in 1990.  This depreciated to 115.7 to a dollar by the 12 April, 2001 (CBN) 1994.  By 2003, it has risen N130 to the US dollar.

1.2            STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The depreciation of naira persistently, has various inflationary effects on the economy of Nigeria.  The effects of this macro-economic problem can be highlighted in different stages.  In the first place, when a currency is depreciated, it is designed to reduced or discourage the excessive dependence on a particular foreign or some foreign commodities.

This will make domestic prices of such imports may be intermediate goods and as a result tends to push the cost of production of final goods up.

In another way, deteriorating exchange rate of naira could bring about inflation of increase in wage rate or demand, when the naira is devalued, the price of important raw materials increases domestic firms may be willing to increase production reduction on their competition as a result of like in prices of raw materials.

Consequently, the output of the firms will attract high prices, therefore for consumers to meet their provisions level of consumption or maintain their real income, calls for wages increase which according to Sotersten (1994) will worsen the whole situation.

Nigerians as one of the developing nations that heavily depend on imported inputs, implements and machinery, the cost of these are usually very high due to poor exchange rate of naira.

This will discourage potential investors, how investment will lead to reduced national product, which is an indicator of stagnancy or retrogression of the economy.

For this reason, Obasanjo (1999) noted that any thing could happen of regulatory authorities did not take steps to tidy up the situation, so the researcher wants to find out the problems and suggest ways of remedying the situation.

1.3            SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY

For the purpose of this study, the researcher took a step further to determine the possible significances.

(i)                To give other researchers who which to write on this topic the process to follow

(ii)             To check the inflationary of deflationary gap

(iii)           To determine the cumulative impact of broad money growth and the sizeable devaluation of the naira

(iv)           To determine the fate of naira with other internal currencies.

(v)             To determine government policies.

1.4            OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this study include the following

(i)                To identify the causes of inflation and exchange rate depreciation.

(ii)             Examine the extent to which naira exchange rate depreciation heed affected domestic inflationary rate in Nation.

(iii)           Assess the effectiveness of government earlier introduced policies.

(iv)           Give suggestion and recommendation on appropriate policies for the future.

1.5            RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

Since the research data was mainly from secondary sources, the hypothesis used will be in two forms to determine result.

The null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis.  The null hypothesis (Ho) will be tested against the alternative hypothesis (Hi)

(a)     Ho:    There is no positive or significant relationship

between exchange rate depreciation and domestic inflation in Nigeria.

(b)     Hi:     There is significant or positive relationship between

exchange rate depreciation and domestic inflation in Nigeria.

1.6            SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study covers the period from 1985 to 2000.  It concentrates on the trend of exchange rate depreciation and inflation in Nigeria.  The study is limited to the period because of the problems associated with the availability and collection of secondary data needed for the research work due partly to the level of development of the Nigeria economy.

Complete Material Cost #3000

Order Full Material Here

Management project topics and materials preview

AN APPRAISAL OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT CONCEPT AS A STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY

Leave a comment

AN APPRAISAL OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT CONCEPT AS A STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY

(A CASE STUDY OF KADUNA REFINING AND PETROCHEMICAL LTD.)

 

 

Click here to download our android mobile app to your phone  for more materials and others

COMPLETE PROJECT  MATERIAL COST 3000 NAIRA

 

                                   ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT  INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:
 
 GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER:  0115939447
 
 
First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

We also accept :   ATM transfer , online money  transfer 

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

Enter Amount

form>

Call Help Desk Line :  08074466939,08063386834.

After Payment Send Your Payment Details To

08074466939 Or 08063386834,   The Project Title  You  Selected On Our Website , Amount Paid, Depositor Name, Your Email Address, Payment Date. You Will Receive Your Material In Less Than 1 Hour Once We Confirm Your Payment.

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.   

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

You may also need:  web design company in Nigeria   

Bulk sms company in Nigeria

 

ABSTRACT

Material management is a strategy for achieving organizational productivity. The researcher started this research work by introducing the subject matter, background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, significance, and scope of the study were highlighted also the researcher formulated hypothesis which form the basis for the research. In the second chapter the researcher reviewed the work of various authors on the subject matter, the concept of management, the significance of material management concept, the material flow system, basic materials functions determination of materials need material cost reduction strategies were discussed in the chapter.

The method used in carrying out the research was discussed in chapter three, the method of gathering data, sampling and sampling techniques, justification of method used and method of data analysis. The data gathered in chapter three was analysed in chapter and hypothesis formulated in chapter one was tested using chi-square. Lastly the researcher draw a summary and conclusion for the research and comes up with a recommendation among which the researcher recommended that an adequate storage facility conducive for modern material, management should be provided to help the store perform it service function effectively.

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0   Introduction     –      –      –      –      –      —     –      1

1.1   Background of the study  –      –      –      –      –      1

1.2   Statement of the General Problem   –      –      –      3

1.3   Objective of the study     –      –      –      –      –      4

1.4   Statement of the Hypothesis – –      –      –      –      5

1.5   Significance of the study  –      –      –      –      –      5

1.6   Scope of the study   –      –      –      –      –      –      6

1.7   Limitation of the study     –      –      –      –      –      6

1.8   Historical background of the case study   –      –      7

1.9   Definition of terms   –      –      –      –      –      –      9

 

 

 

CHAPTER TWO- Literature Review

2.0   The concept of material management      –      –      12

2.1   Material management defined  –      –      –      –      12

2.2   The significance of material management concept   17

2.3   The material flow system –      –      –      –      –      18

2.4   Basic material function    –      –      –      –      –      20

2.5   Determination of material needs      –      –      –      23

2.6   Material cost reduction strategies    –      –      –      25

 

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1   Research design      –      –      –      –      –      –      30

3.2   Research population –      –      –      –      –      –      30

3.3   Sample size and sampling procedures     –      –      31

3.4   Method of gathering data –      –      –      –      –      31

3.5   Justification of method used    –      –      –      –      33

3.6   Method of data analysis   –      –      –      –      –      33

3.7   Justification of investment used       –      –      —     34

 

CHAPTER FOUR:    DATA PRESENTATION

4.1   Data presentation    –      –      –      –      –      –      35

4.2   Data analysis   –      –      –      –      –      –      –      35

4.3   Test of hypothesis    –      –      –      –      –      –      45

CHAPTER FIVE – Summary Of Findings, Conclusion Recommendation

5.1   Summary of finding –      –      –      –      –      –      47

5.2   Conclusion       –      –      –      –      –      –      –      48

5.3   Recommendation     –      –      –      –      –      –      49

Bibliography     –      –      –      –      –      –      –      52

Appendices

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The need for the production function is to make up with the growing complexity of industrial needs has brought about the concept of material management.

 

Modern management has expanded the traditional scope of purchasing and procuring to cover the entire material management process. Thus Lee and Dubler (1983) define material management as a confederacy of traditional material activities bound by a common idea, and of intergraded management approach to planning. Acquisition, conversion, flow and distribution of production material from the raw material state to the finished product state.

 

The concept also provide for delegation of responsibility and authority with regards to procurement and supply of material. The concept also recognizes the importance of the principle of accountability by providing a management approach which is responsible for all decisions.

 

Through material management, there is relatively recent concept much through has been given to it particularly since World War II, when industries all over the world were awoken to the fact that tremendous economies could be achieved by sufficient material management. The concept is today relevant to business organization because they will have a centralize body responsibility for buying with the overall advantage of procuring standard material at possible bulk. Disco unit and obtaining special vender relation. It means that spending valuable money is in the heart of people who are trained and competent for this job.

 

Frequently, it is found that material are expensive and in order to reduce overall costs, it require the close cooperation and co-ordination of material and other user department to ensure that material ordered are made to arrive only when they are needed, the benefit of this approach is that of cost reduction and maximization of the company’s profit.

 

Thus, the growing need for efficient operation of material management is increased in recent time.

 

1.2   STATEMENT OF THE GENERAL PROBLEM

As earlier indicated, the significance of material management has been recognized by most industries in Nigeria, now a days, in most companies in Nigeria, attempts have been made towards operating on intergraded approach to their material problems thus, one often finds in such companies such position. As supplier materials manager, material controller etc yet often is critical analysis of this system of operation. One often…

 

 

 

Continue reading AN APPRAISAL OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT CONCEPT AS A STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY →