Category Archives: mass communication project topics and materials for final year students

Impact of Television Advertising on Etisalat Market Audience (A Study Of Owerri Metropolis, Imo State) January – June 2013

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ABSTRACT

The major thrust of this work is to arise the impact of television advertising on Etisalat market audience; a study of Owerri metropolis, Imo state (January – June 2013). This work is divided into five chapters, using the survey method a quantitative tool of data analysis. This work is aimed at solving the problem of how to communicate with different demography of audiences of the Etisalat company and the appropriate media to use. This work also helps Etisalat mobile company to know the need of their customer and how to satisfy them, this research work helps Etisalat company to know if the people of Owerri are exposed to their T.V commercials or not. Many literary works and concepts were reviews. The questionnaire approach was also employed to ensure that varying and various shades of opinion about the subject of the research were obtained. Three hypothetical questions were formulated but only one was tested using the chi-square technique at 0.05% probability level for appropriate inferences. This therefore is a research work that breaks down the effect of television advertisement on Etisalat market audience with particular reference on the Owerri metropolis, Imo state.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Advertising has grown increasingly popular as an object of enquiry, a field of professional practice and an index of modern business. Advertising therefore is the dissemination of sales message through purchases time and space, Fletcher (1979). It is also a form of communication through media about products, services or ideas, paid for by an identified sponsor, Ozor (1998:p.1).

Advertising is an exciting, dynamic and challenging enterprise. Its often persuasive, fascinating and its materialistic nature makes it an object of criticism and misunderstanding, Benson-Eluwa (2004,p.3). It is the non-personal communication of information usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services or ideas by an identified sponsor through the various media, Bovee and Aron (1986).

Advertising however, performs functions such as marketing communication, education and socialization. It is now a tradition that every business organization communicates with its diverse audience which include; government, consumers, shareholders, distributors, employees, suppliers, and the general public about their new products and policies. Consumer behaviour on the other hand is as varies as consumers themselves. There is no direct link between the act of placing an advertisement in the media and the behaviour of consumer purchasing the product in the sense in which there is a direct link between the consumer purchasing the product and the product leaving the factory. Consumer’s reaction to an advertisement for a product can be varies ranging from a desire to purchase the product to absolute apathy. However, placing advertising in the media is a form of communication which is capable of buying about a kind of action at a distance in an action which will have a profound effect on the eventual sale of the product.

Advertising generally works on the audio-visual senses of consumers and thereby set up in their minds a chain of reactions capable of influencing their buying decisions, Nworah (2004:p.2) the ease with which advertisements succeed in the process of influencing consumer behaviour will depend highly on the credibility of the message. In the light of the foregoing, this research is set out to examine the impact of television advertising of Etisalat on its consumers. Emerging Markets Telecommunication Services (EMTS), trading as Etisalat is a Nigerian Company duly incorporated under the laws of Nigeria in partnership with Mubadala Development Company and Etisalat of the limited Arab Emirates.

Incorporated in Nigeria as a private company, it acquires the limited Access license from the federal government in January 2007. The license includes a mobile license and spectrum in the GSM 1800 and 900MHz bands. Etisalat acquires a 40% stake in EMTS and is now the operator of the unified Access license. Etisalat has been the telecommunications services provider in the United Arab Emirates since 1976 and has footprint in 18 countries traversing the middle East, Asia and Africa. In its many years of operations. It has built up state-of-the-art telecom infrastructure and taken a leadership position of innovation, and quality service delivery among regional and international operators.

In Nigeria, Etisalat made the first official call on its network on the 13^th of March 2008 in the presence of officials from the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) and the senate of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. In September of same year, it kicked off commercial operations with the innovative 0809 you chose campaign which enables Nigerians choose numbers special to them as their mobile numbers. Full commercial operations began in October 2008. In the same year in a bid to make the product (Etisalat) popular in Nigeria they used the face of a very popular Nigerian musician called Banky W so as to boost the sales and recognision of the product. The advert was placed in leading television stations nationwide thereby reaching a large audience. This made Etisalat to be more popular because they used the face of a celebrity the whole nation like.

Television advertising is the most powerful form of advertising because it is welcomed into the home by potential customers and it includes the following elements sight, sound, motion and emotion and its kind of affordable. Television programming produces and paid for by an organization which conveys a message typically to market a product or service. Advertising revenue provides a significant portion of the funding for most privately owned television network. The vast majority of television advertisings today consist of brief advertising spots, ranging in length from a few sounds to several minutes. Television advertisement have been used to promote a wide variety of goods, services and ideas. Some of the things involves in television advertisements creating a television advertisement that meets broadcast of standards, and placing the advertisement on television via a targeted air time media buy that reaches the desired customer. To accomplish these tasks it is important to choose a television production company and advertising agency with pertinent expertise in these two areas and it is preferable to choose an agency that both produces advertisements and places air time, because expertise in broadcast quality production and broadcast standard is vial to gaining the advertisement’s acceptance by the networks.

mass communication project topics and materials for final year students

THE IMPACT OF INDECENT MOVIES ON CHILDHOOD SOCIALIZATION

July 25, 2019 projecteasy

THE IMPACT OF INDECENT MOVIES ON CHILDHOOD SOCIALIZATION (A CASE STUDY OF AWKUNANAW ENUGU)

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Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0115939447

First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

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form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All Nigeria banks without internet

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank… *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

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ABSTRACT

It has been notice that most children no longer pa attention to their books/cares and other home chores due to watching films on their video or TV. Sets after school and weekend.

The information issues in these films shows in the video or televsion receivers is that our cultural vales are being invaded by foreign ones on the aspects of our lives, in the food eat, cloths we wear, he language we speak, even on our mode of social life etc. Most films on video and television deficit indecent or emulate.

It is argued that indecent acts such as violent on the films and movie pictures causes aggressive behaviour on the children this leading them into committing eden acts.

The topic “The impact if indecent movies on child lead socialization was chosen in view of recognition of indecent or immoral behaviours often exhibited by most children on our society.

As or future hope, there should be concerted effort towards x- raging the overall impact of such films in children. To find you negative or positive effects on them and above all to find possible solution this time worn people.

This is also to explores the damages of watching indecent films that may be invlebt in nature and ending solution to check the violent behaviour of children engendered by indecent films exhibitions.

Superfice it say tat this study with also help arrest this ugly situation of encssnt films shows on our video or television set.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The topic the “impact of indecent movies on children socialization” is a study that deserves an indept exhaustive treatment. This gas becomes necessary in view of the current diviant and violent behaviour often exhibited by most children in the society.

According to ‘Joy A Ugwuanyi (1999), the increase in the number of vide result centers, the Home and foreign video and the fact that both parents now go out to work, leaving the children on their own, they could walk in to any video rental and pick up any film. This does no anur well for the society.

Moreover most Nigerian children spend a substantial amount of time watching films and views on the television, the child catches a glimpse of deviant and violent behaviours that is country to the ethics and worms of the society.

Because of thus indecent or immoral behaviours often exhibited by most children, many well meaning Nigerians gave consotetly called for censorship of all foreign and home films that is imported or produced in the country. In advanced countries, films are classified. For instance, films reacted as “P.G.” (Parental Guidance) must not be watched alone by a child. He must watch it under the guidance of the parents. There are dome that children above certain age cannot watch. The maintaining council ensures that such films are not screened on the day or early evening. However a lot of developments have rendered these control measures one effective.

In addition, some of these indecent movies especially those that are violent in nature impact a feeling of violent on children after watching the movies.

For number of yeas, “Gerbneretal (1977:176-207) have been profiting the amount if violence in network television. They have been conducting audience surrey to determine whether heavy viewing of a great deal of violence on television, result in a distorted and fearful view of the society.

Result from the study have indicated significant relationship between the amount of television viewing and various indices of fear, must rust and subjective probability of experiencing violence. The more one watches violent films, the is to over estimate the amount.

Gerbneretal (1977) still demographic fays such as found positive and significant associations between the amount of film and television viewing and the amount of perceived violence or fear of violence. Of violence in real world, and the chances of becoming personally involved in a violent come, even the age, sex.

LIPPMAN (1922:121) suggested that the pictures on our head are mainly constructed from the picture we get from the violent film. Also in trying to investigate how specific violent films from the media contents can lead ti te construction of related realified Lippman often referred to the media as encultural cultivation”.

It is perhaps outeresting to note that since the introduction of indecent films in Nigeria, the county has been witnessing interesting increased incidents of crime and other violent acts concerned citizens blamed it on incient attitude social ills, such as demobilization of services men, weak and understaffed low enforcement, agencies , poor police records, high unemployment inflation, non existence of social welfare services, depire of social values and moral standards.

mass communication project topics and materials for final year students

THE IMPACT OF “BENUE THIS WEEK” A RADI RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF KATSINA-ALA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

July 25, 2019 projecteasy Leave a comment

THE IMPACT OF “BENUE THIS WEEK” A RADI RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF KATSINA-ALA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

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ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0115939447

First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank… *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

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CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1

Background of the study

1.2 Statement of the Problem

1.3

Objectives of the Study

1.4

Research Questions

1.5

Scope of the Study

1.6

Significance of the Study

1.7

Operational Definition of Significant terms

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1

Introduction

2.2 Review of Concepts

2.2.1 The Concept of Radio Broadcasting

2.2.2 The Concept of Rural Development

2.3 Overview of Communication Concepts

2.4

Review of Related Studies

2.5 Theoretical Frame Work

2.6 Summary

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1	Introduction	16
3.2	Research Design	16
3.3	Population of the Study	16
3.4	Sampling Techniques/ Sample Size	17
3.5	Description of the Research Instrument	19
3.6	Validity of data Gathering Instrument	20
3.7	Method of data Collection	20
3.8	Method of Data Analysis	20

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1	Introduction	21
4.2	Data Presentation and Analysis	21
4.3	Discussion of Findings	30

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1	Introduction	33
5.2 Summary of Findings		33
5.3	Conclusion	33
5.4 Recommendations		33
5.5	Suggestion for Further Studies	34
Reference		35
Appendix A		37
Appendix B		38

	List of Tables
	Demographic Data Table
Table 1: Demographic Data on Sex	21
Table 2: Age Distribution	22
Table 3: Educational Status	22
Table 4: Occupational Distribution	23
Table 5: Access to Radio	23
Table 6: Listenership to Radio	24

Table 7: Awareness of the Programme ‘’Benue T

Table 8: Frequency of Respondents Listenership to ‘’B

Table 9: Distribution Showing How Well the Programme Is Accepted	25
Table 10: Distribution Showing What Respondents Have Achieved From the Programme ‘
This Week’’	25
Table 11: Reason for Poor Acceptance	26
Table 12: Other Factors Responsible For Poor Acceptance	26
Table 13: Broadcast Time of the Programme	27
Table 14: Suggest Broadcast Time	27
Table 15: Government Encouragement of Rural Development Programme	28
Table 16: If the Programme Should Still Be Aired	28
Table 17: How Often the Programme Should Be Aired	28

Table 18: Negative Effect of the Programme ‘’Benue This Week’ Table 19: Other Factors Responsible For the N

Week’’	29
Table 20: Suggestions for Improvement	30

ABSTRACT

The study examined the – A ImpactradioBenueprogrammeof“Benueontherural this development of katsina-Ala local government area, using the survey research method, The

researcher discovered that the dwellers of katsina-Ala local government area are aware of the

radio Benue programme “Benue this week” there this week” has created an impact to the dw government should fund the programme while the rural dwellers should be given more opportunities to participate in rural development programmes.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1Background of the study

Rural development as a concept embraces a highly complex chain of process that involves both physical expansion and structural changes. As a concept rural development goes beyond the provision of portable water, electricity, healthcare centres, recreational activities etc. it goes higher to talk on the reorientation and development of social values (Ajegi, 2005, p.17). In the pursuit of rural development we aim at improving the productivity of rural poverty as well as meeting the basic needs of the people (Ajegi, 2005 p.36). Thus,

concern for rural development is concern for other reason is our share abhorrence of the features that go with under development

(Ajegi, 2005, p.36). In recent times most discussions on rural development have focused on the role of the local government in the development process. The belief is that given the resources available to this third tier of government, it is in a position to co-ordinate and ensures meaningful development at the grass root level. While this is a popular belief the situation on ground tends to be contrary, the government and rural dwellers therefore, need a means to communicate with each other for further development and this where

programme ‘ Benue this week’’nuecomesin.theWhichruraldwellersis aire in katsina-Ala local government area are mostly farmers, fishermen, traders students and

tailors so it is obvious that this local government has a long way to go because their income is low, therefore development is needed to improve their living conditions.

Brief History Of Radio Benue

Radio Benue was established in 1978, two years after Benue state was created, the government saw that radio Benue could be used for so many functions like promoting their culture, informing the people of new things both in and out of the country, educating the people especially for development. Radio Benue was established for the following reasons. Firstly, to be the mouth piece of the government. Secondly to interpret the government laws and thirdly to improve the peoples believe in their culture. Development programmes

are aired for rural dwellers to be able to k this week’’ is one of those programmes,ferent ‘Ben segments that includes phone in where the rural dwellers call to complain and advise the government on what to do, Another segment is is where the presenter ask the rural dwellers to phone in and say the latest development

they have seen. With this programme communication on development through radio Benue is done effectively.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

This research is meant to study Katsina-Ala local government area which can likely be neglected

by the scheme of things especially in the developme ability to keep rural development policies. The basic concern of this research is to ascertain the extent to which the ’’activitiesadioBenueRprogrammeofon the‘Benuerural this development have affected the lives of rural dwellers in katsina- ala local government area. The

study is therefore is aimed at addressing the following questions:

What effects have radio Benue put in place to achieve the aim of improving the standard of living of rural dwellers in katsina-Ala local government?

Are the rural dwellers of Katsina-Ala local government listening

rural development programme?

Are the rural dwellers participating in the rural development policies introduced to them?

Is the government taking rural development serious?

These and other questions will be addressed later in the course of study.

mass communication project topics and materials for final year students

ROLE OF NIGERIAN TELEVISION AUTHORITY (NTA) IN PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY

July 25, 2019 projecteasy Leave a comment

ROLE OF NIGERIAN TELEVISION AUTHORITY (NTA) IN PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY

(A STUDY OF AKPUGO COMMUNITY IN NKANU WEST LOCAL

GOVERNMENT AREA ENUGU STATE).

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COMPLETE PROJECT MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA OR $10 ,

Note: our case study can be change to suit your desire location . we are here for your success.

ORDER NOW

MAKE YOUR PAYMENT INTO ANY OF THE FOLLOWING BANKS:

GTBANK
Account Name : Chi E-Concept Int’l
ACCOUNT NUMBER: 0115939447

First Bank:
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
Account Name: 3059320631

OR
PAY ONLINE USING YOUR ATM CARD. IT IS SECURED AND RELIABLE.

form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS LESS THAN 2 HOURS

How to transfer from your bank account to All Nigeriabanks

1. Access Bank:
—-*901#

2. EcoBank:
—-*326#

3. Fidelity Bank:
—-*770#

4. FCMB:
—-*389*214#

5. First Bank
—-*894#

6. GTB:
—-*737#

7. Heritage Bank:
—-*322*030#

8. Keystone Bank:
—-*322*082#

9. Sky Bank:
—-*389*076*1#

10. Stanbic IBTC:
—-*909#

11. Sterling Bank:
—-*822#

12. UBA:
—-*389*033*1#

13. Unity Bank:
—-*322*215#

14. Zenith Bank:
—-*966#

15. Diamond Bank
—-*710*555#

To know your BVN, dial
—-*565*0#.

E.g for First bank… *894 *Amount *Acct. No. #

Please dail d code from d number u used to register d account from the bank

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON : 08074466939,08063386834.

AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

WE HAVE SECURITY IN OUR BUSINESS.

MONEY BACK GUARANTEE

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1	Background of the Study	1
1.2	Statement of Problems	5
1.3	Objectives of the Study	6
1.4	Significance of the Study	7
1.5	Research Hypotheses	8
1.6	Scope of Study	9
1.7	Limitation of the Study	9
1.8	Definition of Terms	9
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1	Sources of Literature	11
2.2	Review of Relevant Literature	11
2.3	Media and Gender Stereotyping	12
2.4	What Causes Inequality	16
2.5	Theoretical Framework	19
2.6	Summary of Literature Review	20

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1	Introduction	22
3.2	Research Method	22
3.3	Area of Study	24
		7

3.4	Population of the Study	24
3.5	Sample Size	25
3.6	Sampling Technique	25
3.7	Instrument of Data Collected	26
3.8	Method of Data Collection	26
3.9	Method of Data Analysis	26
3.10	Expected Result	27
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1	Introduction	28
4.2	Testing of Hypothesis	37
4.3	Analysis of Research Questions	40
4.4	Discussion of Findings	42

CHAPTER FIVE: INTRODUCTION, SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATION

5.1	Introduction	44
5.2	Summary	44
5.3	Conclusion	45
5.4	Recommendations	45
	References	47
	Appendix I
	Appendix II

LIST OF TABLE

Table 1: Sex of Respondent 28

Table 2: Marital status of the respondent. 29

Table 3:	Age Bracket.	29
Table 4:	Occupation of respondent.	30
Table 5:	Academic Qualification.	30
Table 6:	Do you Agree that Nigerian Television Authority (NTA)
	Programme in women in focus promote the quest for
	gender equality.	31
Table 7:	Do you watch Nigerian Television Authority (NTA)
	Women in focus programme.	31
Table 8:	Do you believe that the astute and vibrant nature of women
	in Akpugo is associated with Nigerian television authority
	(NTA) Programme in gender equality.	32
Table 9:	Do you believe that Nigerian Television Authority (NTA)
	on foot print programme can help to promote gender equality. 32
Table 10:	Do you think that Nigerian television authority (NTA) play a
	vital role in promoting gender equality in Akpugo
	community.
33
Table 11:	Do you Agree that Nigerian Television Authority (NTA)
	Enugu face challenges in promoting gender equality in Akpugo
	community in Nkanu West Local Government Area.	34
Table 12:	Do you believe that the participation of women in
	development programme in Akpugo could be associated with
	Nigerian Television Authority foot- print programme .		12
Table 13:	Do you think that the leadership style in the Nigerian
	Television Authority (NTA) can cause gender imbalance.		35

Table 14:	Do you agree that the location of Akpugo in Nkanu West
	Local Government Area is a hindrance to Nigerian Television
	Authority (NTA) Enugu to effectively inform the people of gender
	equality.	36
Table 15:	Do you think that women are being victimized by the
	Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) Enugu.	37

Abstract

This study centers on finding out the Role of Nigeria Television Authority (NTA) in promoting gender equality. Using Akpugo community in Nkanu West Local Government Area Enugu State as a study area. The researcher used survey research method as the method of data collection. This is so because it is very appropriate in studying population like Akpugo community that is too large to be studied. Directly the population of the study area is estimated as 72,264 people from which the sample size 278 was selected. Random sampling techniques were used to select individuals whose opinions and views were used to draw interference to the entire population. Data gathered from the study were analyzed, tested and interpreted using simple percentage, frequency tables and chi-square goodness of the fit test which is used to test the hypothesis. Findings from the study show that there is still disparity on the issue of gender balancing. The theory that led support to this work is agenda setting theory. Summary of findings, conclusion and recommendation were made on the study for further studies. One of the recommendation is that more attention should be paid to basic education, programmes for women especially women in rural and moonshines areas.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Nigerian Television Authority is related to mass media because without mass media Nigerian television authority cannot perform in vacuum or be well known. So mass media apart from its Educating, Entertaining is a very important tool of communicating through which information is passed to the even to the farthest end of the world.

Mass media enable us to communicate with each other by helping us over come the barrier of time and space. They perform both primary and secondary functions for the society.

Mass media functions in various ways, first mass media keep us well informed of the happening around that is about day to day happening in our society or community. The mass media also persuade us mostly through advertisement. As we can see newspaper, magazine and television are fill with all kinds of powerful persuasive advertisement which tempt us to buy their product.

Also the mass media gives us entertainment. Television and Radio broadcasting provides us with a big variety of programs which both educate and entertain us.

Through mass media one can easily be mobilized .mass media has really help us in our society because of this reason society cannot exist without mass media, it also makes one to be more knowledgeable.

So because of this programs commercials, reports, broadcasting etc are either done by men or women which they feel promotes such media function by getting more audience to view,

read and listen in other to be informed about day to day happening in our community or society.

Thereby in Eliminating gender inequality in media report or programs. Getting the balance right is an illustrated resources handbook by UNESCO which deals with gender issues in media, the document access the key challenges faced by female journalists and the need to create policies for ensuring more equality in mainstream media Collen Lowe Morna (2002) in his book, promoting gender equality in and through the media said that women in developing nations are finding that whatever they gains in the traditional media, such as print and broadcasting, a lack of training opportunities in new technologies and difficult in accessing expensive equipment increase the marginalization of women in the new electronic media, it went further to say that men traditionally are early adopters, especially when it comes to social media women are at the fore front. This assertion shows that men and women have their part or area of specialization in the world of communication and technology.

Therefore the Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) has to study both sexes in trying to perform it’s Thismediaresearchworkfunctionsisbuiltavarious.analysis on report all over the world about the role of Nigerian Television Authority in promoting gender equality in Akpugo community in Nkanu west local government Area.

Akpugo community in Nkanu West Local Government Area Enugu State is a very large community in Nkanu. It is located in Nkanu west local government Area of Enugu state. They share boundary with Agbani, Ugbawka, Amagunze, Ihuokpara, Akpofu, Ugwuoji, Oruku and Emene Nike etc..

The population is about 72,264, the adult among them are mostly subsistence farmers and petty traders, and they have a market where people are selling their product instead of

hawking their products. They do not have factories or any other establishment that can get people employed, they only have small scale business and for this reason most of their youths migrate to the cities in search of better life and greener pasture, that is they prefer to go to the city in search of white man cola job.

In Akpugo community they have elite people, they are Educated and learned. They have professionals to the extend that the professor of Electronic where born in Akpugo village but

his late now. Akpugo people are highly ind people and they are fearless human being and because of this they can survive in any

environment they found themselves.

Akpugo people do observe all the culture of the Nkanu land, they observe Igbo tradition and other thing that Amechi people do like chieftaincy title, New yam festival, Coronation of Igwe (king) and also their land is very fertile. Akpugo community was existing before the coming of colonial master. They cultivate water yam, palm wine, palm kernel they have in abundant Even up to today, they produce the best palm oil in the whole Nkanu.

In the south East, Akpugo palm oil is the best .they have the freshest palm oil and palm wine to the Extend that people do go to Akpugo community to buy palm oil or palm wine to sell to the people living outside the community..

Akpugo people is a unique people, they are popular there is no place you will go to that you will not see Akpugo man or woman, but they have problem which is still disturbing them

up to date, the problem is that they don’tserving likepeople,they don’t believe in people, they believe in themselves. They have pride in them and because of their pride they

cannot be under anybody or serve anybody.

Akpugo people does not have good infrastructure like good road and good water etc. but they have many professors and personnel who are well known like our father founder .so this is little I know about Akpugo community.

This project work shall therefore look into how Nigeria television authority (NTA) fix men and women in programs, seminars, commercials and reports and also analysis on the various roles men and women play in the society or media reporting and broadcasting gender equality, we will discussed asatopical under this research. But before I will like to discuss

History of Nigeria authority Nigeria ‘NTA’ b

Brief History of Nigeria Television Authority (NTA)

Nigerian Television Authority popularly known as NTA is the oldest broadcasting station in Africa. Nigerian Television Authority is a government owned news broadcasting station that is mainly incharge of airing latest news around Nigeria.

Nigerian Television Authority was inaugurated in 1977 according to Nigerian Television Authority claim that they are the largest African stations.

Idowu Ifedoyin comfort says that the Nigerian television authority is one of the outstanding television station in Nigeria, it is the oldest television station that has its name changed to NTA formally by general Olusegun Obasanjo. This station posses all qualities to be a broadcast station that is accurate, objectivity, fairness and truthfulness etc and also it is the only television station that has it’s instationalmostallthecities in the country.

Nigerian Television Authority have branches in the following cities in Nigeria but my main focus is on Enugu’sNigeriastationTelevisionAuthority ( NTA).

The Nigerian Television Authority is the largest television network in Africa as well as one of the oldest and most accomplished indigenous broadcast outfits in Nigeria. Nigerian

Television Authority has over the years distinguished itself as a force in the field of television broadcasting globally. It is equally programmes has received numerous awards at international competitions and festivals which include the following..

Ist prize the drama category at the URTNA competitions in Algiers, Senegal etc with cock crow at dawn moment of truth.etc

Ist prize for drama in us prized pieces festival with things fall apart.

Ist prize in documenting category with a la

TAM-TAM international video competition in Italy among other laurels.

The authority is equipped with a new state of the are digital facilities which has additionally enhance it’s competitionbroadcastindustry advan worldwide.

Here in conclusion what am trying to explain is that NTA is a very large station that informs, educate and entertain people.

1.2 Statement of Research Problem

The success of Nigerian Television Authority depends on how it places men and

women in it’s,commeprogrcialammesnews and it’s broadc

Inspite of the progress made over the last 25 years, NTA still churns out female stereotype that limit the power of women in the society.

In many countries, women are strongly presented in news room but media is still very much male dominated when the top positions are examined it is very difficult to find a man working in a news room, it is mostly female that work in a news room.

Another problem identified in this course of research is that women being marginalized in the news both in the context of the jobs they do and in the opportunity they have to make their way in the unions that represent them .battles for equality are being taught in every part of the country and this has really bring fight and problem in our country today ,men has really discriminate women from what they want ,by not allowing them to get exact work they want, men beli

mass communication project topics and materials for final year students

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CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Communication and culture are intertwined. This lies in the fact that they are relevant to the proper functioning and relationships of the different groups within the society. In this sense, the various ethnic groups can be brought together in common understanding of their differences, uniqueness and similarities particularly through broadcasting. This art of sharing and exchanging of information, ideas and meanings which communication is, is one unique attribute of humans especially when considering the use of verbal and non-verbal (gesture) communication cues as means of achieving this exchange. Agba (2002, p. 247) statescommunicationthatis also“an ideological or cultural creation. Meanings are understood within the context of a people‟staste,

values, norms and . philosophyTheMacBridgenerally”‟s1981definescommissio communication thus:Communication maintains and animates life. It is also the motor and

expression of social activities and civilization, it leads people from instinct to inspiration, through variegated process and system of enquiry to command and control, it creates a common pool of ideas, strengthens the feelings of togetherness through exchange of messages, and translates thought into action, reflecting every motion and need from the humblest task of human survival to supreme manifestation of creativity or destruction.

Communication is very paramount to societal survival. No society exists without an adequate communication system to hold it together. It is an interaction process groups relate to each other and share information, experiences and culture. The whole essence of communication however is to meet the information needs of the people hence; communication is

not an end itself. It is an elemental social process on which all other social process depends as a social technique. Without communication, there are no inter-stimulations among people; people will not have common meanings of things and there will be no action that could provide information.

Due to the expansion of societal needs, the usage of communication at the interpersonal level was further expanded to accommodate mass communication, hence today there is mass communication as the dissemination of messages through the mass media of communication to a large diverse and heterogeneous audiences. Defleur and Dennis (1991) see mass communication

as “a process in whichrsuse theprofessionalmassmediatodisseminatemessagescommunica widely, rapidly and continuously to arouse intended meanings in large and diverse audiences in

attempts to influence them in a variety of way.”Okunna (1999,p.7) says that “it canno place in a face to face situation because it tools of mass communication is the electronic or broadcast media which concerns itself with the

dissemination of electronic means of messages via the air-waves.

The whole essence of broadcasting therefore is to create a forum for the immediate and continued exchange of commonalities and meanings in National communication needs. This in turn is expected to bring about integration especially in multicultural society like ours in Nigeria. The broadcast media of which radio is an intrinsic part was designed to be a companion, sharing useful information that could help knit the fabric of society closer as well as promote socio-cultural, economic cum political gains for the people. Due to this important factor, the broadcast media are seen as veritable tools required in the mobilization and integration into the mainstream of governance. Where there exist programmes using both audio and visual signals while radio is restricted to the dissemination of audio messages only designed to help men satisfy his various

needs and also to promote togetherness among people through its lofty and well packaged programmes.

Broadcasting has continued to serve as a tool for national development as it helps in creating awareness of the various cultural entities in Nigeria. One of the areas which broadcasting has been successfully used as a National integration tool is the area of cultural diffusion. To promote culture implies telling the Nigerian people about the richness of the various cultures that exist in our society and environment in terms of cultural heritage.

Brief History Of The Yoruba People

The Yoruba people occupy the south western part of Nigeria. They account for about 20% of the population of the country. They are a religious group of people who are mainly Christians, Muslims or of traditional beliefs. The Yoruba people have different stories about their origin but

they all relate to the same ancestorOduduwa”. “One of theOduduwastoriesthefather has of the Yorubas was sent by God from heaven accompanied by his lieutenants and landed at the

Ile Ife, where he proceeded with his mission. The chain with which he landed onto earth is still said to exist in the shrine though it is said to be hidden from profane eyes.

The Yoruba people occupy the states Ondo, Oyo, Osun, Lagos, Ogun and Ekiti and some parts of Kwara and Edo states respectively. Some of the prominent works of the Yoruba people are in the field of art, where the works that come out of them compete favourably with that of ancient Greece and Rome. Regardless of their origin, the Yoruba people of Nigeria have proved themselves to be a people of a dynamic culture and tradition.

Brief History Of The Egun People.

Badagry was established in 1425 AD and was established by a farmer whose farm stretched across the lagoon called Agbede. Agbede in Egun language implies Agbedegreme but this was later changed to Agbadarigi by the Yoruba alien of the south west Nigeria and later to Badagry by the European slave. The main language of the people is Egun language. Slave trade occurred in Badagry in the early 16^th century to the late 18^th century (for about 300 years) by the European slave dealers and this has made the town a tourists attraction where tourists from all over the world visit every day.

Brief History Of Murhi International Television

MITV is one of the first eleven private Television stations in Nigeria licensed by the NBC and the federal government as far back as 1993/94 during the Babangida regime when the broadcast industry was deregulated.

MITV began commercial transmission on the 12^th of August 1996 and since then have been on air consistently.

MITV inspite of the encumbrances of public service bureaucracy has been able to sustain its frontline position especially in terms of crystal clear signals as well as content that conforms to international standards in the contemporary television industry.

1.2 Statement Of Research Problem

Despite the fact that the Yoruba and Egun ethnic groups in Lagos state live together they still have some cultural differences between them which sometimes seem to bring some inter-crisis

between them. Therefore this study seeks to answer t programme of MITV Lagos state been able to integrate the two ethnic groups.

In this study, the researcher intends to discussNasoI seetheAm”programmerole ofof “

MITV Lagos state in the integration of the two ethnic groups.

1.3 Objectives Of The Study

The objectives

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ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

THE IMPACT OF “BENUE THIS WEEK” A RADI RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF KATSINA-ALA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA

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ROLE OF NIGERIAN TELEVISION AUTHORITY (NTA) IN PROMOTING GENDER EQUALITY

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