Category Archives: Nursing Science Research Sample In Nigeria

Nursing Science Research Sample In Nigeria

PERCEPTION OF POST-NATAL MOTHER ABOUT MIDWIVES ATTITUDE DURING LABOUR AT CENTRAL HOSPITAL SAPELE, DELTA STATE

PERCEPTION OF POST-NATAL MOTHER ABOUT MIDWIVES ATTITUDE DURING LABOUR AT CENTRAL HOSPITAL SAPELE, DELTA STATE

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CHAPTER ONE

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………..1

Purpose/Aim of the study…………………………………………………………………………………3

Statement of Problem………………………………………………………………….3

Research questions…………………………………………………………..…………3

Broad objectives of the Study……………………………………………..………….3

Scope of the study ………………………………………………………………………………………….4

Significance of the Study…………………………………..………………………….4

Operational definition of Terms…………………………..……………………………………5

 

CHAPTER TWO

Literature Review…………………………………………………………………….7

CHAPTER THREE

Methodology………………………………………………………………….……..32

Research design……………………………………………………………………..32

Research setting……………………………………………………………………..32

Research population…………………………………..………………………………32

Sampling techniques …………………………………..……………………………..33

Instrument of data collection…………………………..……………………………..33

Validity of the instrument……………………………………………………………………………….33

Method of data collection…………………………………..………………………..33

Method of Data analysis……………………………………..………………………34

Ethical consideration………………………………………….……………………..34

Limitation of study……………………………………………………………………………………….34

 

CHAPTER FOUR

Data Analysis…………………………………………………………………………36

 

CHAPTER FIVE

Discussion of findings……………………………………………….………………55

Implication of study to nursing…………………………………….…………………60

Summary…………………………………………………………………………….60

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………..61

Recommendation…………………………………………………………………….61

Suggestion for further studies……………………………….………….………..….62

References…………………………………………………………………………   63

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Demographic data

Table 2:      Percentage distribution showing the Relationship

between the Midwives and Respondents            –           –                       36

Table 3:      Percentage distribution showing how women were receiveduring Labour         –                   –                            –           –           –           —–                                          39

Table 4:      Percentage distribution according to the response on whether the midwives were with them throughout labour                                                                     40

Table 5:      Percentage distribution according to those that were given any information during labour to re-enforce what    they already knew about labour       –         41

Table 6: Percentage distribution showing how the midwives attended to the Respondents needs in labour –                                                                                        42

Table 7: Percentage distribution showing the respondents Respowhat the midwives did when they needed their husband                                                  43

Table 8: Percentage distribution showing the attitude of midwives to  
  them when they were in pains – – – – –                          44  
Table 9: Percentage distribution showing respondents view  
  if midwives were friendly and empathetic  
  while discharging their duties – – – – –                         45  
Table 9: Percentage distribution showing how the friendly  
  attitude of midwives helped women to cope with labour.46-  
Table 10: Percentage distribution according to whether  
  midwives answered them when they called for help – –     47  
Table 11: Percentage distribution showing the respondents  
  impression of midwives attitude during labour – – –         48  
Table 12: Percentage distribution showing the respondents description  
  of midwives attitude towards them – – – –                        49  
Table 13: Percentage distribution showing how best the respondents  
  think midwives can improve their services – –                 50  

 

ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this research work is to ascertain perception of postnatal mothers about midwives attitude during labour at Central Hospital Sapele, Delta State. This study is of great importance because the attitude of midwives to women during labour will affect them either positively or negatively invariably affecting the outcome of labour and also influence their decision to patronize the health facility or not during their subsequent pregnancies. The objectives of this study include the following; to find out the level of relationship that exists between the client and midwife during labour, to find out if midwives are kind and empathetic while discharging their duties and to know how mothers perceived the attitude of midwives during labour. The significance of this study is to provide information to improve the attitude of midwives towards women in labour. It will also make midwives to rise up to their responsibilities of caring for the woman in labour. The non-experimental survey research was used and a convenient method of non-probability sampling technique was used to select samples for study, questionnaire was used for data collection. (120) questionnaires were distributed, same retrieved. The data collected were analyzed using frequency table and all information obtained were recorded. The findings revealed that postnatal mothers have good perception about midwives attitude during labour. In conclusion, the researcher suggested that similar studies should be conducted in remote villages where there is high rate of maternal mortality so as to discover the reason why women do not patronize the hospital for delivery.

 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

World Health Organization (2007) estimated that over half a million women in developing countries die each year from causes related to pregnancy and childbirth, leaving at least one million children motherless and so one feasible way of reducing this mortality rate is to improve the quality of maternal services.In Nigeria with a population of 140 million people with women of child bearing age constituting about 31 million, only about 40% of the deliveries are attended to by trained midwives (Midwives Serves Scheme, 2009).

 

Every pregnant woman looks forward to the day she will deliver. Women throughout the ages have depended upon a skilled person usually woman to be with them during labour.In the practice of safe delivery therefore, the midwife is expected to be courteous, patient and attend to client’s/patient’s need immediately when taking delivery. McCrea, Wright and Murphy-Black (2008) examined the influence of midwives’ approaches on the care given to women for pain relief during labour and their findings revealed that the midwives approach had a positive influence on the women’s experience of labour pain.

Myles (2009), defined labour as the expulsion of the foetus, placenta and membranes through the birth canal. Labour is a very stressful life experience of women and so the attitude of midwives during labour will either affect them positively or negatively. The emotions of the woman in labour greatly influence her reaction to discomfort and pains and are the contributing factor in determining the amount of physical and mental exhaustion she will experience, hence the whole process of childbearing should be handled with sensitivity and compassion. The midwife needs to appreciate what the woman is thinking and suffering from so as to give adequate care to her therefore communication between the client in labour and the midwife is of utmost importance because explanation of what is happening during labour will go a long way in relieving client’s stress during labour.

Statistics worldwide show that about 130 million women gives birth in the hospital attended to by trained midwives each year (Valarie, 2007), also (Lucia, 2010) states that midwives negative attitude to women in labour influence their decision about where to give birth. Women are most likely to labour best where they feel, safe and private, with midwives who they feel safe with and not a midwife whose attitude will affect them negatively.

A midwife according to (ICM) international definition is a person who having been admitted to a midwifery education programme duly recognized in the country where it is located and have successfully completed the prescribed course of study in midwifery and has acquired the requisite qualification to be registered and legally licensed to practice.Nigerian is spending the stipulated number of years in training recommended by the NMCN’. The midwife must be able to give the necessary supervision, care and advice to women during pregnancy, labour and the post-partum period, to competently conduct deliveries independently and to care for the newborn infant.

Purpose/aim of the study

The study was carried out to explore the perception of postnatal mothers about midwives attitude during labour at Central Hospital, Sapele Delta State.

Statement of the problem

Childbirth is said to be a universally celebrated event, an occasion for dancing, gifts, yet for many women in labour each day in Sub-Sahara Africa particularly in Nigeria, it is not so because of midwives attitude

Nursing Science Research Sample In Nigeria

INVESTIGATING NURSING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OF DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY

INVESTIGATING NURSING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OF DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY.

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CHAPTER ONE   

1:0    INTRODUCTIONS

Academic performance according to the Cambridge university reporter (2003) is frequently defined in terms of examination performance. Mac-farlance (2002) defined academic performance as the ability of student to cope with their studies as well as how various tasks assigned to them by their instructors are accomplished, it include the ability to study and remember facts and to be able to express such knowledge gained either verbally or in writing (Mac-farlace 2002).

Students academic gain and learning performance is affected by numerous factors including gender, age, parental social economic status, medium of teaching, workload of course of study, student-teacher relationship, school background, academic environment, teaching aids and infrastructures e.t.c.

1:1    BACKGROUND OF STUDY

A major challenge facing higher education institutions around the world is how to achieve quality outcome for students in an increasingly globalized and competitive environment (Harvey and Kamvounias 2008). Education is a reciprocal process, during which the learners acquire knowledge, ability and self thought (University of Wisconsin

2001). Nursing education is designed to educate and train nursing students to become competent and qualified professional Nurses (Mellish, Brink and Paton 2009). In order to provide skilled nursing care, professional Nurses must be educated and trained to make certain skill and be knowledgeable about the science of nursing. (Mellish et al., 2009.)

According to Leufer (2007) nursing student need the appropriate knowledge and skill to enable them to deliver safe and competent care to their patient, according to Mellish et al.,

(2009) students enter the nursing programmes with different expectations of what is to be

learnt, different intellectual skills, types and  level of motivation and different interest.

Furthermore, professional Nurses can also come from different culture, backgrounds, consequently, professional Nurse education, who are responsible for educating and training these students have a challenging task.

Many researcher conducted detailed studies on factors contributing to student performance at different study level. Geiser and Santelices (2007), Acato (2006) and Swart

(1999) all argue that admission points which are a reflection of the previous performance influence future academic performance. Graetz (1995) said that one’s educational success depends very strongly on social economic status of the parents. Considine and Zappala (2002) argue that families where the parent are advantaged socially, educationally, and economically foster a high level of achievement in their children, this is because students from high social economic background are well exposed to scholastic materials which aid their intelligence. Sentanu (2003), Kwesigh (2002) and Portes and Macleod (1996) as cited in

Cosidine and Zappla (2002) all argue that type of school a child attends influences academic achievement.

Mr Mabuda, a director in nursing, states that nursing as a profession is still faced with a number of challenges which ranges from education and training, coaching and mentoring, limited facilities for clinical placement of students and the nursing shortage (professional

Nurses update September 2008), these challenges inevitably influence the academic performance of students and ultimately threaten the nursing profession.

The typical learning environment, comprises of the number of student in the classroom, the academic environment, teaching strategies and the perception of the impact of group size on the learning experience (leufer 2007) the learning environment, plays an important role in captivating the student interest and in maintaining it. It is therefore important to consider how nursing students experience learning in a large class environment

(leufer 2007) this would provide information such as:

  • Are student distracted by such large number
  • Do student feel assertive enough to interact or ask questions.

Large group learning suggests that there is a relationship between class size and participation level, which then affect the learning experience of student (leufer 2007). Furthermore, the recruitment of more students without providing adequate infrastructure, many logistical problem have been encountered for example, inadequate sound system, control of attendance, ventilation increasing noise level, these problems create further problems such as difficulty in managing the group which results in late commencing of lecture. According to leufer (2007) all these has impact on the academic performance of students.

Motivation plays a fundamental role in learning (Glynn, Anltman and Owen 2005) increase in enthusiasm and motivation which may result in better academic performance, similarly the lack of inspiration would result in a lack in motivation, resulting in poor performance outcome (Leufer 2007).

Baybel et al.(2005) state that there are many factors that adversely affect nursing educational performance like inadequate infrastructure, inefficient use of technologies and educational techniques, student teachers relationship.

 

 

1:2    STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND IT’S SIGNIFICANCE.

Academic performance which is measured by the examination results is one of the major goals of a school, Hoyle (1986) argued that school are established with the aim of impacting knowledge and skills to these who go through then and behind all this is the idea of enhancing good academic performance. It has be noted that while some student perform highly well, others do not perform well, concern is base on those who do not perform well because if this poor performance goes unchecked the reputation of nursing science department in Delta State University will be lost.

It is not yet known why some student fail to attain the standard expected of them, there is lack of sufficient research in the case of nursing student in Delta State University as to what factors affect academic performance of the student.

This research will therefore help to establish the factors affecting academic performance of undergraduate students of nursing science

 

Nursing Science Research Sample In Nigeria

THE EFFECTS OF SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTE NATAL CLINIC IN AMUKPE COMMUNITY, SAPELE,L.G.A

THE EFFECTS OF SOCIO ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTE NATAL CLINIC IN AMUKPE COMMUNITY, SAPELE,L.G.A

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CHAPTER ONE

Background of the Study

Nigeria still has an extremely high maternal mortality ratio 704 per 1000000 live births implying that with about 2.4 million live births annually, some 170000 Nigerian women die as a result of complication associated with pregnancy and child birth (Adelakan, Alimi, Anyawale and Afonja, 2005).Women are more likely to suffer from nutritional deficiency than men for several reasons, including their reproductive biology, low social status, poverty and lack of education. In addition, socio-cultural traditions and disparities in household work patterns can also increase women’s chance of being malnourished (Ransom IE, Elder KL, 2003).

During pregnancy a woman  needs good nutritional status for a healthy outcome. Women who have a poor nutritional status at conception are at higher risk of disease and death; their health depends greatly on the availability of food, and they may be unable to cope with their increased nutrient needs during pregnancy in situations of food insecurity. Women’s nutrient needs increase during pregnancy and lactation. Some of the increased nutrient requirements protect maternal health while others affect birth outcome and infant health. If their requirements are not met, the consequences can be serious for women and their infants (Freedom from Hunger, 2003). Under nutrition and poor health from preventable causes disproportionately affect the well-being of millions of people in the developing world. Factors at individual, household and community level, or a combination of these factors, may contribute to poor nutrition and health status (Ronsmans C, Collin S, Filippi V, 2008).  In particular, malnutrition among women is likely to have a major impact on their own health as well as their children’s health. More than 3.5 million women and children under age five in developing countries die each year due to the underlying cause of under nutrition (Ronsmans et al, 2008).

Poverty influences to a great extent the nutritional status of women especially pregnant women. According to Adelakaan e tal (2005), data on mother’s energy intake indicated poverty levels higher than presented in the world bank poverty assessment (world Bank, 2003).

A study in Ibadan by Maclean (2002) on pregnancy and food taboos, it was discovered that pregnant women were warned not to eat large plantains with cleft so as not to have babies with rigid skulls. In Ile-Ife, many traditional healers discourage pregnant women from eating snails or okra soup, as these would harm the babies. Chiwuzie and Okolocha, (2007) discovered that many pregnant women were advised not take milk and egg during their pregnancy that it lead to their babies growing up to be a thief.

Thus the researcher is keen to determine the effects of socio economic factors on the nutritional status of pregnant women attending Ante natal clinic in Amukpe community, Sapele,L.G.A

 

Statement of problem

Maternal complications during pregnancy has been of the major challenge faced by most pregnant women as a result of poor nutrition, thus most pregnant women are posed with various risks and complications during pregnancy. The condition may be caused by a variety of reasons. The affluent society that we are a part of is very concerned with the thinness of women; thus, many women starve themselves or undergo feed diets to maintain this image. Some women suffer from psychological eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia. Age will influence the woman’s dietary practices; if the pregnant woman is an adolescent, she will probably consume many “Fast foods” which will not provide adequate nutrients and the eating of native chalk and drink of alcohol. Thus the researcher is keen on determining the socio economic factors and effect on the nutritional status of pregnant women attending Ante natal clinic in Amukpe community, Sapele,L.G.A.

Nursing Science Research Sample In Nigeria

KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF CONTRACEPTIVES AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY, ABRAKA

KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF CONTRACEPTIVES AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY, ABRAKA

 

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CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Background of study ………………………………………….………….…         1

1.2 Purpose/Aim of the study…………………………………………………….         3

1.3 Statement of research problem ………………………………………….….            3

1.4 Significance of the study ………………………………………..…………..           4

1.5 Objective of the study ………………………………………………….…….           4

1.6 Specific objective……………………………………………………..……..           4

1.7 Research question……………………………………………………………            4

1.8 Hypothesis…………………………………………………………………..             5

1.9 Limitation of the study………………………………………………………             5

1.10 Delimitation/Scope of study …………………………………….………….            6

1.11 Definition of terms ……………………………………………………….…             6

 

CHAPTER TWO

2.0       Review of literature   .           .           .           .           .           .           .           10

2.1       Introduction    .           .           .           .           .           .           .           .           10

2.3       Contraception uses     .           .           .           .           .           .           .           14

2.4       Contraceptive pills: Important for youth       .           .           .           .           19

2.5       Common barriers and concerns         .           .           .           .           .           24

2.8       Theoretical framework           .           .           .           .           .           .

2.2.1 Contraceptive and prevention of Unwanted pregnancy…………………………………10

2.2.2   Adolescent’s limited awareness and knowledge…………………………………17

2.3   Conceptual Framework ………………………………………………                30

2.4    Summary of literature review…………………………………………………………..30

2.5      Theoretical Framework …………………………………………………………………………..30

2.7       Applicability of the Theoretical Framework to the Study.

CHAPTER THREE

Methodology ………………………………………………………………..                 35

Research design …………………………………………………………….                35

Setting of the study …………………………………………………………                35

Sample  population/sample size ……………………….……………………                  35

Validity/ Reliability ………………………………..…………………….…                  36

Method of data collection ……………………………..…………………….                   36

Method of data analysis …………………………………………………….

Ethical consideration …………………………………………………………………….. 37

CHAPTER FOUR:  ANALYSIS DATA   

4.1   Results analysis          –           –           –           –           –           –           –                            38

4.2    Testing of Hypothesis      –       –    –      –        –         –         –           –         –            –   –    45

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

5.1    Introduction    –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –     49

5.2    Discussions of findings          –           –           –           –          –           –           –           –     49

5.3   Summary and Conclusion            –     –           –           –           –           –            –        –      49

5.4    Recommendations-    –                       –           –          –           –           –           –         –     50

5.5    Implication to Nursing           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –     52

5.6    Suggestion for further study –            –           –           –           –           –             –         –          –     53

References  –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –           –               –     –     55

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Access to contraceptive has become increasingly crucial for adolescents because many are sexually active at earlier ages than in the past. This will further compound overall levels of maternal mortality in Nigeria tertiary institutions.This research was specifically designed to determine the knowledge and utilization of  contraceptives among female students in Delta State University, Abraka. A total of 107 questionnaires were distributed and 97 were retrieved. majority of respondents were within the age bracket of 20-24 years of 35.1%. 79.4 % of the respondents were single. More than half (95%) of the respondents knew about  contraceptives.reason for the lack of detailed knowledge on this subject may be linked to the sources of information; majority of the students got to know about contraception from their friends/peers (39.2%). The study disclosed that there is a high number of females students who practiced sexual intercourse which may result into unintended pregnancy. Also revealed that there is a low trend of use of modern contraceptives for inadequate knowledge. It is therefore recommended that the use of contraceptives amongst undergraduate female students that are attributed to esteem and habit of students should be reviewed for preferred methods and legally backed practice and use of contraceptives by undergraduates.

 

 

Key words;   Knowledge, contraceptives, Attitudes and female.

Word count:204

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

UNAIDS (2007) estimated that 33.2 million women had HIV infection worldwide. In many regions of the world more women than men are at risk of HIV infection with not less 50% of all new daily infections in sub-Saharan Africa being in women. Children account for 12% of all new infections and globally 2.5 million children less than 15years of age were living with HIV in 2007, about 1,200 children under the age of 15years became infected with HIV daily (UNAID/WHO, 2007), without appropriate care and treatment, more than 50% of newly infected children will die before the second birthday.

 

In 2008, around 430,000 children under 15years become infected with HIV, mainly through mothers –to child transmission (MTCT), infection occurred in Africa where AIDS is beginning to reverse decades of steady progress in child survival. In high income countries MTCT has been virtually eliminated thanks to effective HIV counseling and testing, access to antiretroviral therapy ART, Safe delivery practices, and the widespread availability and safe use of breast-milk substitutes.  If these interventions were used worldwide, they could save the lives of thousands of children each year.

 

Owing to the transmissibility of HIV from mother to child, the feeding of HIV-exposed infants remains a significant challenge in controlling the spread of HIV/AIDS. The dilemma concerning feeding infants of HIV-positive mothers is how to balance the risk of HIV transmission through breastfeeding with the risk of death from causes other than HIV such as pneumonia, diarrhoeal diseases and malnutrition among formula-fed infants (WHO, 2010). Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) plays a critical role in the overall health of infants. It is estimated that 3% of all under-5 mortalities in low-income countries could be prevented through optimal breastfeeding during the crucial first year of life (WHO, 2013). Optimal breastfeeding is considered to be EBF for the first 6 months of life, followed by continued breastfeeding combined with safe and nutritionally adequate complementary feeding up to 24 months of age (WHO, 2009).EBF is regarded as a global health goal given its strong association with reduced morbidity and mortality, particularly in low-income countries where safe water and sanitation are often lacking.

The HIV/AIDS epidemic is one of the major factors challenging women’s health with 20 million women living with the virus and more than 2 million pregnancies occurring in HIV sero-positive women annually. Thus, HIV infection has become a major problem complicating the management of pregnancy. In Africa, HIV prevalence varies considerably, with most countries in Southern Africa having more than one in five pregnant women infected, and in a few sub-Saharan countries, median HIV prevalence in antenatal clinics in 2003 exceeded 10% (McIntyre,2005). As at 2005 the prevalence in Nigeria was 4. 4%, and by the end of 2006, it was estimated that there are 2. 99 million Nigerians living with HIV, with 305, 080 adult new infections and 74, 520 in children, largely (up to 90%) acquired through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Between 25 and 44% of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV occurs through breastfeeding (FMOH, 2007)

The promotion of breastfeeding is a key component of infant health polices globally because of its obvious health benefits. It is widely practiced not only in Nigeria, but most of Africa, as it is socially and culturally acceptable and natural. However, in the present context of HIV epidemic, this has become a public health dilemma as the overwhelming source of HIV infection in young children is through MTCT (FMOH, 2007). There is also the dilemma of infant feeding decisions by HIV sero-positive mothers, because most breast milk transmission of HIV- 1 occurs in the first four months of life, a time when replacement feeding carries the greatest risk of increasing infectious disease morbidity and the benefits of the breastfeeding are highest. In developing countries, decisions regarding the best mode of infant feeding can be difficult due to social, economic and practical constraints. The relative risks of morbidity and mortality associated with replacement feeding vary according to many factors: the environment, individual circumstances of the mother and her family including her education and economic status (WHO, 2004). The WHO/UNAIDS strategic response to prevention of HIV infection in infants centered on four ‘pillars’: primary prevention of infection generally in women, prevention of transmission from HIV infected women to their infants and provision of treatment, care and support to HIV infected women and their families (WHO, 2004) . Thus, the option most likely to be chosen by HIV infected women who do not wish to risk breastfeeding their infants is replacement feeding with formula or other foods. However, WHO recommended that HIV infected women avoid breastfeeding when replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe (AFASS) (Throne C., Semenenko I., Pilipenko T., Malyuta, 2009). Most women in sub-Saharan Africa have their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status diagnosed during pregnancy because of testing available through programmes for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. The programme commenced in Nigeria in 2001, and has since undergone several scale-up of both in scope and coverage mainly in secondary and tertiary health facilities. Despite all these, participation/enrollment has been very low. It is in the light of this, that an assessment of feeding practices and determinants of feeding practices among HIV sero-positive mothers was carried out in one each of secondary and tertiary health facilities in Abuja, the capital of Nigeria, with a view of identifying relevant and appropriate interventions for resolving some of the problems faced by these mothers

PURPOSE /AIM OF STUDY

The study is carried out to explore the knowledge and practice of safe infant feeding amongst mothers living with HIV attending postnatal clinic of Central Hospital Sapele, Delta State.

 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The 2010 HIV Sero-prevalence sentinel survey conducted among women attending antenatal clinics in Nigeria. Shows that HIV/AIDS is still on the increase among pregnant women, HIV/AIDS still remain one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa.

According to the study reports by the former Minister of Health Nigeria Professor Onyebuchi Chukwu, the epidemic has affected all parts of the

Nursing Science Research Sample In Nigeria

INVESTIGATING NURSING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OF DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY

INVESTIGATING NURSING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OF DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY.

 

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CHAPTER ONE   

1:0    INTRODUCTIONS

Academic performance according to the Cambridge university reporter (2003) is frequently defined in terms of examination performance. Mac-farlance (2002) defined academic performance as the ability of student to cope with their studies as well as how various tasks assigned to them by their instructors are accomplished, it include the ability to study and remember facts and to be able to express such knowledge gained either verbally or in writing (Mac-farlace 2002).

Students academic gain and learning performance is affected by numerous factors including gender, age, parental social economic status, medium of teaching, workload of course of study, student-teacher relationship, school background, academic environment, teaching aids and infrastructures e.t.c.

1:1    BACKGROUND OF STUDY

A major challenge facing higher education institutions around the world is how to achieve quality outcome for students in an increasingly globalized and competitive environment (Harvey and Kamvounias 2008). Education is a reciprocal process, during which the learners acquire knowledge, ability and self thought (University of Wisconsin

2001). Nursing education is designed to educate and train nursing students to become competent and qualified professional Nurses (Mellish, Brink and Paton 2009). In order to provide skilled nursing care, professional Nurses must be educated and trained to make certain skill and be knowledgeable about the science of nursing. (Mellish et al., 2009.)

According to Leufer (2007) nursing student need the appropriate knowledge and skill to enable them to deliver safe and competent care to their patient, according to Mellish et al.,

(2009) students enter the nursing programmes with different expectations of what is to be

learnt, different intellectual skills, types and  level of motivation and different interest.

Furthermore, professional Nurses can also come from different culture, backgrounds, consequently, professional Nurse education, who are responsible for educating and training these students have a challenging task.

Many researcher conducted detailed studies on factors contributing to student performance at different study level. Geiser and Santelices (2007), Acato (2006) and Swart

(1999) all argue that admission points which are a reflection of the previous performance influence future academic performance. Graetz (1995) said that one’s educational success depends very strongly on social economic status of the parents. Considine and Zappala (2002) argue that families where the parent are advantaged socially, educationally, and economically foster a high level of achievement in their children, this is because students from high social economic background are well exposed to scholastic materials which aid their intelligence. Sentanu (2003), Kwesigh (2002) and Portes and Macleod (1996) as cited in

Cosidine and Zappla (2002) all argue that type of school a child attends influences academic achievement.

Mr Mabuda, a director in nursing, states that nursing as a profession is still faced with a number of challenges which ranges from education and training, coaching and mentoring, limited facilities for clinical placement of students and the nursing shortage (professional

Nurses update September 2008), these challenges inevitably influence the academic performance of students and ultimately threaten the nursing profession.

The typical learning environment, comprises of the number of student in the classroom, the academic environment, teaching strategies and the perception of the impact of group size on the learning experience (leufer 2007) the learning environment, plays an important role in captivating the student interest and in maintaining it. It is therefore important to consider how nursing students experience learning in a large class environment

(leufer 2007) this would provide information such as:

  • Are student distracted by such large number
  • Do student feel assertive enough to interact or ask questions.

Large group learning suggests that there is a relationship between class size and participation level, which then affect the learning experience of student (leufer 2007). Furthermore, the recruitment of more students without providing adequate infrastructure, many logistical problem have been encountered for example, inadequate sound system, control of attendance, ventilation increasing noise level, these problems create further problems such as difficulty in managing the group which results in late commencing of lecture. According to leufer (2007) all these has impact on the academic performance of students.

Motivation plays a fundamental role in learning (Glynn, Anltman and Owen 2005) increase in enthusiasm and motivation which may result in better academic performance, similarly the lack of inspiration would result in a lack in motivation, resulting in poor performance outcome (Leufer 2007).

Baybel et al.(2005) state that there are many factors that adversely affect nursing educational performance like inadequate infrastructure, inefficient use of technologies and educational techniques, student teachers relationship.

 

 

1:2    STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND IT’S SIGNIFICANCE.

Academic performance which is measured by the examination results is one of the major goals of a school, Hoyle (1986) argued that school are established with the aim of impacting knowledge and skills to these who go through then and behind all this is the idea of enhancing good academic performance. It has be noted that while some student perform highly well, others do not perform well, concern is base on those who do not perform well because if this poor performance goes unchecked the reputation of nursing science department in Delta State University will be lost.

It is not yet known why some student fail to attain the standard expected of them, there is lack of sufficient research in the case of nursing student in Delta State University as to what factors affect academic performance of the student.

This research will therefore help to establish the factors affecting academic performance of undergraduate students of nursing science