DESIRABILITY OF SECURITIES FOR LOAN IN NIGERIAN COMMERCIAL BANK

 (A CASE STUDY OF AFRIBANK PLC)

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ABSTRACT

 

The main aim of this research work is to establish that all things being equal the loan will be safe, properly used and repaid on schedule. But this is gamble in the future. All things may not be equal and things may go wrong such that basis for optimism established and expected do not materialize.

This is why the banker should not be left uncovered. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the extent to which commercial banks in Nigeria desire securities for loans in bank in Nigeria desire securities for loan in bank lending – The findings of this study will help to make recommendation and suggestions on how best to improve the situation. In conducting this research work, references were made to works of other authors on allied subjects. But it was discovered that the text dealt more on theoretical and academic aspect of the issue, to the neglect of what is often experienced in dealing with most banks.

Thus relevant data were obtained from primary sources and oral interviews were conducted and research questionnaire administered to select persons in the bank. These data were carefully evaluated, classified and summarized into tables appropriate for the statistical testing of the postulated hypothesis. The test of hypothesis employed from the primary sources. Based on the facts that emerged from the analyzed data, it was discovered that there is no effect of securities on Bank lending, despite the fact that lack of security cannot prevent a bank from lending.

Recommendations made are in respect of re-introduction of deregulation in the economy by the Federal Government to improve and to diversify bank lending in order to foster rapid economic development.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

 CHAPTER ONE

1.0  INTRODUCTION

• Statement of Problem
• Purpose of the study
• Significance of the study
• Statement of hypothesis
• Scope of the study
• Limitations of hypothesis
• Definition of terms

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 History of Commercial Banking in Nigeria

2.2 Bank credits / facilities and the economy

2.3 Lending, a function of the commercial Bank

2.4 CBN credit policy guidelines as it affects borrower.

 

CHAPTER THREE

3.0    RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

3.1 Sources of Data

Primary data

Secondary data

3.2 Sample and sampling procedure

3.3 Method of Investigation

 

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0      DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Data presentation and analysis

4.2 Test of Hypothesis

 

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND             RECOMMENDATION

5.1 Findings

5.2 Conclusion

5.3 Recommendation

Bibliography

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

 

1.0               INTRODUCTION

          Lending is the main function of commercial banks through lending banks strives to satisfy the credit needs of the economy as well as enhance its profitability. One of the cardinal principles of classical banking is to ensure effective lending.

Lending is the major product of every commercial banking activity, and it also provides the larger part of the bank’s profit. Banks in Nigeria have found it necessary to increase their lending ability and at the same time increase policies to establish the direction and use of fund from shareholders, depositors and creditors to control the composition and size of the loan portfolio and to determine the general circumstances under which it is appropriate to make and advance.

A banker’s decision will be influenced by many factors. Some of these factors include the character of the borrower, the risk involve the profitability of the transaction to the bank, the lending policy of the government, the best interest of the borrower and of the community generally.

The perfect advance or lending will be safe liquid and profitable. “it will for a suitable purpose. Needless to say, these requirements will not always be present at the same time and banker will therefore search for an acceptable compromise”.

Lending is considered effective if it successful reconciles the banks’ objective of maximum profitability to the shareholders of the banks and maximum liquidity to meet the transaction and precautionary needs of the banks customers and investing public. But for obvious reasons, this principle cannot be regarded entirely satisfactory in a developing economy like ours (Nigeria) where we have a lot of new generation banks, which lends to a conflict (severe conflict) between, the profitability and liquidity needs of banks. Against this background “effective lending in a developing economy may be defined as the quantum of lending which maxims the banks objectives of liquidity and profitability and the economic objectives of development. This is because highly profitable lending which also ensure liquidity may not always be effective. “for the instance lending  for commerce may be effective in the profitability and liquidity sense, but may be ineffective in terms of maximum contribution to economic development”, similarly, although lending  to Agriculture, Road construction or House, it may well be very effective lending  in a development sense. Thus effective lending in a development economy must combine the classical view”. It is therefore important to note that lending should not be seen by the two parties involved bankers and borrowing customer as a hide and seek game, but as partners in progress. The baker should equally market his product and make adequate profits. The loan should be adequate and recoverable at maturity together with interest. The loan should be properly secured to make up for any liability in case the borrower defaults or facility goes bad. Security is a kind of insurance. The real security is the character of the borrower unsecured borrowing in the shape of balance sheet that is, advances to big established limited companies may account for nearly half of the banks lending in any particular year. These advance, made to trusted borrows are usually for less troublesome than the secured advanced, which require a certain amount of work before the advance is taken, to see that the security is perfected, that the bank has control over it.

 

 

 

1.1               STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The critical issues on the problems and prospects in extending credit facilities by commercial banks to their customers and the investing publics for investment purposes are many. Banks do not give their customers loan because they need it. Certain factors should be taken into consideration. Commercial banks as we know, by their very nature in terms deposit liabilities are traditionally short-term order. They do not participate in the provision of long-term lending, until recently when commercial banks under section 21 of the banks and other financial decree (BOFID) No.