THE EFFECT OF IMPROVISATION OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGY INSTRUCTION IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS
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Science education must seek to permit the individual to develop to the fullest his capacities for adjustment and continuous change in order that he may meet the problems of his day and solve them successfully when they arise. Biology, the study of living things is a science which has developed methods of its own.The structural complexity of the organisms themselves, the multiplicity of functions occurring simultaneously in organism body and the inter-relationship between the organisms and their environment have led to methods of study unique to this particular science.
Jean Bremner (2000) stated that the methods are characterized by the art of scientific investigation in relation to pupils study of new specimen, the experimental approach to biological science in relation to experiment carried out by the individual study. These are necessary for the effective transfer and permanent communication of biological knowledge. Practical experience in any science for that matter is crucial for proper understanding of any principle and application of the knowledge in that subject for cognitive growth and technological orientation and advancement. In appreciation of this fact, Lee (1999) emphasized that if biology is to perform the above role of improving the society, then the biology teacher must do the following:
- Choose the best materials to present to students.
- Try new roles, materials and strategies.
- Make use of individual instruction.
Therefore activities such as collecting of materials, observing, recording observations, classifying and carrying out field work should be well encouraged. The method for achieving this is through visual instruction. It was the original method in biological science when the naturalist devoted his study to organisms as he found them in nature. The result of his work, he wrote down to be passed on to others. The knowledge was finally put in form of books.
As the study of biology becomes more popular in schools, and number of students increased, it becomes more difficult to study original materials. Part of this difficulty comes by the use of laboratory, preserved materials and chart and models. But the pressure of larger number of students and increasing cost caused this situation to be abandoned most times. Miller and Blaydes (2001) asserted that the result has been that an increasing proportion of biology teaching has been done from books and lecture notes. This situation to a large extent is responsible for the poor performance in the senior secondary school certificate examinations conducted by West African Examination Council.
In Nigeria, the educational system has been facing a lot of critical problems among which are increasing enrollment, shortage of qualified teachers, absence of laboratories and in many cases presence of laboratories but acute shortage of necessary teaching and learning materials.The Federal Government of Nigeria through the Federal Ministry of Education with the assistance of UNESCO in 1998 established a science equipment center to provide course for science teachers and laboratory assistants. The provision of this center though laudable has been inadequate. Teachers of biology and other sciences therefore have to acquire and develop skills of producing teaching materials.
This is what improvisation is all about. It is the process of providing quickly in time of need, using whatever happens to be available, the materials and equipment for facilitating the teaching of biology. Otitoju (2000) opined that in biology teaching nature presents a rich laboratory because specimens of plants and animals are abundant around us, however equipment needed for capturing animals. Performing physiological experiment, timing experiment or processes as well as some specimens which are available have to be improvised using locally available materials and a little imagination. The essential qualities of any improvised teaching aid are accuracy, realism, comprehensibility and interest.
This article highlights various college of education website in Nigeria. We provide free school Past Questions and answer, jamb exams, jamb registration Form and Admissions List to various students to gain admission into Federal, State and Private College Of Education In Nigeria. This article will also help students to check admission status of various institutions in Nigeria at a go.
Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo, past questions, form and admissions list
Alvan Ikoku College of Education, Owerri, past questions, form and admissions list
Alvan Ikoku College of Education, Owerri, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Educ. Abeokuta, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Kano, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Katsina, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal college of Education, Kontagora, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Obudu, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Okene, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Okene, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Pankshin, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Yola, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education, Zaria, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education (Technical), Akoka, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education (Technical), Asaba, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education (Technical), Bichi, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education (Technical), Gombe, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education (Technical), Gusau, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education (Technical), Omoku, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Education (Special) Oyo, past questions, form and admissions list
State college of education Past Questions, jamb exam, jamb registration Form And Admissions List
College of Education, Agbor, past questions, form and admissions list
Akwa-Ibom State College of Education, Afaha-Nsit, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Akwanga, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Akwanga, past questions, form and admissions list
Cross River State College of Education, Akamkpa, past questions, form and admissions list
Adamu Augie College of Education, Argungu, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Azare, past questions, form and admissions list
Bayelsa State College of Education, Okpoama, past questions, form and admissions list
Emmanuel Alyande College of Education, Oyo, past questions, form and admissions list
Enugu State College of Education (Tech.) Enugu, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Ekiadolor, past questions, form and admissions list
Umar Suleiman College of Education, Gashua, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Gindiri, past questions, form and admissions list
Michael Otedola College of Primary Education, Moforiji, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Port Harcourt, past questions, form and admissions list
Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Otto, past questions, form and admissions list
Tai Solarin College of Education, Ijebu-Ode, past questions, form and admissions list
Tai Solarin College of Education, Ijebu-Ode, past questions, form and admissions list
Ebonyi State College of Education, Ikwo, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Ikere, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Ilesha, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Ilesha, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Ilorin, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Jalingo, past questions, form and admissions list
Kano State College of Education, Kumbotso, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Benue, past questions, form and admissions list
Kebbi State College of Education, Argungu, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Minna, past questions, form and admissions list
Nwafor Orizu College of Education, Nsugbe, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Oju, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Oro, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Oro, past questions, form and admissions list
Oyo State College of Education, Oyo, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Warri, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Warri, past questions, form and admissions list
FCT College of Education, Zuba, past questions, form and admissions list
Private college of education in Nigeria Past Questions, jamb exam, jamb registration Form And Admissions List
Angel Crown College of Education, Gidan-Daya, past questions, form and admissions list
Elder Oyama Memorial College of Education, Ofat-Adun, past questions, form and admissions list
Assanusiyah College of Education, Odeomu, past questions, form and admissions list
African Thinkers Community of inquiry College of Education, past questions, form and admissions list
Best Legacy College of Education, Ikirun, past questions, form and admissions list
Bauchi Institute for Arabic and Islamic Studies, past questions, form and admissions list
Calvin Foundation College of Education, Naka, past questions, form and admissions list
Harvard Wilson College of Education, Aba, past questions, form and admissions list
Hill College of Education, Akwanga, past questions, form and admissions list
Institute of Ecumenical Education, Enugu, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Foreign Links Campus Moro, past questions, form and admissions list
College of Education, Foreign Links Campus Moro, past questions, form and admissions list
Diamond College of education aba . past questions,jamb news, admission form and list
Muhyideen College of Education, Ilorin, past questions, form and admissions list
ONIT College of Education, Abagana, past questions, form and admissions list
The African Church College of Education, Lagos, past questions, form and admissions list
St. Augustine College of Education, Yaba, past questions, form and admissions list
Yewa Central College of Education, Ogun, past questions, form and admissions list
List of Federal Universities in Nigeria
Abubakar Tafawa Belewa University, past questions, form and admissions list
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, past questions, form and admissions list
Bayero University, Kano, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University, Gashua, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University of Tech, Akure, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University of Technology, Minna, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University of technology, Owerri, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University Dutse, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University Dutsin-Ma, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University, Otuoke, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University, Wukari, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal University, Birnin Kebbi, past questions, form and admissions list
Michael Okpara Univeristy of Agric, Umudike, past questions, form and admissions list
Modibbo Adama University of Tech, Yola, past questions, form and admissions list
National Open University of Nigeria, past questions, form and admissions list
Nigeria Police Academy Wudil, past questions, form and admissions list
Nigeria defense Academy, Kaduna, past questions, form and admissions list
Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, past questions, form and admissions list
Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Abuja, Gwagwalada, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Agriculture Abeokuta, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Agriculture Markurdi, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Benin, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Calabar, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Lagos, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Maiduguri, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Nigeria Nsukka, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Port-Harcourt, past questions, form and admissions list
University of Uyo, past questions, form and admissions list
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, past questions, form and admissions list
List of State Universities in Nigeria admission list
Abia State University, Uturu, past questions, form and admissions list
Adamawa State University, Mubi, past questions, form and admissions list
Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, past questions, form and admissions list
Amrose Alli University, Ikot Akpaden, past questions, form and admissions list
Anambra State University of Sc. & Tech, Uli, past questions, form and admissions list
Anambra State University of Sc. & Tech, Uli, past questions, form and admissions list
Bauchi State Unibversity, Gadau, past questions, form and admissions list
Benue State University Markurdi, past questions, form and admissions list
Bukar Abba Ibrahim University, Damaturu, past questions, form and admissions list
Cross River State University of Sc. & Tech, Calabar, past questions, form and admissions list
Delta State University Abraka, past questions, form and admissions list
Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, past questions, form and admissions list
Ekiti State University, past questions, form and admissions list
Enugu State University of Sc. & Tech. Enugu, past questions, form and admissions list
Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, past questions, form and admissions list
Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, past questions, form and admissions list
Imo state University,Owerri, past questions, form and admissions list
Jigawa State University, past questions, form and admissions list
Kaduna State University, Kaduna past questions, form and admissions list
Kano University of Sc. & Tech, Wudil
Kebbi State University, Kebbi, past questions, form and admissions list
Kogi State University, Anyigba, past questions, form and admissions list
Kwara State University, Ilorin, past questions, form and admissions list
Ladoke Akintola university of Tech, past questions, form and admissions list
Lagos State University Ojo, past questions, form and admissions list
Nasarawa State University, Keffi, past questions, form and admissions list
Niger Delta University, Yenagoe, past questions, form and admissions list
Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye, past questions, form and admissions list
Ondo State University of Sc. & Tech, Okitipupa, past questions, form and admissions list
Osun State University, Oshogbo, past questions, form and admissions list
Plateau State University, Bokkos, past questions, form and admissions list
Rivers State University of Sc. & Tech, past questions, form and admissions list
Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijebu-ode, past questions, form and admissions list
Taraba State University, Jalingo, past questions, form and admissions list
Umaru Musa Yar’Adua University, past questions, form and admissions list
Private Universities
Achievers University, Owo, past questions, form and admissions list
Adeleke University, Ede, past questions, form and admissions list
Afe Babalola University, Ado- Ekiti, past questions, form and admissions list
African University of Sc. & Tech, Abuja, past questions, form and admissions list
Al-hikmah University, Ilorin, past questions, form and admissions list
Ajayi Crowther University, Ibadan, past questions, form and admissions list
Al-Qalam University, Katsina, past questions, form and admissions list
American University of Nigeria, Yola, past questions, form and admissions list
Babcock University, Ilishan, past questions, form and admissions list
Baze University, past questions, form and admissions list
Bells University of Technology, Otta, past questions, form and admissions list
Benson Idahosa University, Benin, past questions, form and admissions list
Bingham University, New Karu, past questions, form and admissions list
Bowen University, Iwo, past questions, form and admissions list
Caleb University, Lagos, past questions, form and admissions list
Caritas University, Enugu, past questions, form and admissions list
CETEP City University, Lagos, past questions, form and admissions list
Covenant University, Ota, past questions, form and admissions list
Crawford University, Igbesa, past questions, form and admissions list
Crescent University, past questions, form and admissions list
Elizade University, Ilara-mokin, past questions, form and admissions list
Fountain University, Oshogbo, past questions, form and admissions list
Gregory University, Uturu, past questions, form and admissions list
Hallmark University, past questions, form and admissions list
Joseph Ayo Babalola University,Ikeji, past questions, form and admissions list
Kwararafa University, Wukari, past questions, form and admissions list
Lead City University, Ibadan, past questions, form and admissions list
Nigerian-Turkish Nile University, Abuja, past questions, form and admissions list
Novena University, Ogume, past questions, form and admissions list
Obong University, Obong Ntak, past questions, form and admissions list
Oduduwa University, Ipetumodu, past questions, form and admissions list
Pan-African University, Lagos, past questions, form and admissions list
Paul University, Awka, past questions, form and admissions list
Redeemer’s University, Mowe, past questions, form and admissions list
Renaissance University, Enugu, past questions, form and admissions list
Salem University, Lokoja, past questions, form and admissions list
Tansian University, Umunya, past questions, form and admissions list
Veritas University, past questions, form and admissions list
Wellspring University, Edo, past questions, form and admissions list
Wesley University of Sc. & Tech, Ondo, past questions, form and admissions list
Western Delta University, Oghara
List of all the Federal Polytechnics in Nigeria
Air Force Institute of Technology Nigerian Air Force, past questions, form and admissions list
Air Force Institute of Technology Nigerian Air Force, past questions, form and admissions list
Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana, past questions, form and admissions list
Nigeria Army School of Military Engineering, past questions, form and admissions list
Auchi Polytechnic past questions, form and admissions list
Auchi Polytechnic past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Ado-Ekiti past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Bida, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Bida, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Damaturu, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Ede, Osun State, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Ede, Osun State, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Ida, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Ida, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Ondo State, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Namoda, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Nassarawa, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Offa, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Offa, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal Polytechnic, Oko, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal School of Dental Technology and Therapy, past questions, form and admissions list
Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, past questions, form and admissions list
Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Nigeria Army School of Military Engineering, past questions, form and admissions list
Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, past questions, form and admissions list
Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic Birnin Kebbi, past questions, form and admissions list
Yaba College of Tech, past questions, form and admissions list
List of State Polytechnics in Nigeria
Abraham Adesanya Polytechnic, Ijebu-Igbo, past questions, form and admissions list
Abia State Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Adamawa State Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Akwa-Ibom State Polytechnic, Ikot-Osurua, past questions, form and admissions list
Benue State Poly, Ugbokolo, past questions, form and admissions list
Gateway Polytechnic, Igbesa, past questions, form and admissions list
Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
The Polytechnic, Ibadan, past questions, form and admissions list
Institute of Mgt. and Tech, past questions, form and admissions list
Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo, past questions, form and admissions list
Kano State Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Kogi State Polytechnic, Lokoja, past questions, form and admissions list
Kwara State Polytechnic, Ilorin, past questions, form and admissions list
Lagos State Poly, Ikorodu, past questions, form and admissions list
Moshood Abiola Poly, past questions, form and admissions list
Nasarawa State Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Delta State Polytechnic, Ogwashi-Uku, past questions, form and admissions list
Osun State Poly, Iree, past questions, form and admissions list
Osun State Poly, Iree, past questions, form and admissions list
Osun State College of Tech, Esa-Oke, past questions, form and admissions list
Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro, past questions, form and admissions list
Plateau State Polytechnic, Barkin-Ladi, past questions, form and admissions list
Adamawa State Poly, past questions, form and admissions list
Rivers State College of Arts and Science, past questions, form and admissions list
Rivers State College of Arts and Science, past questions, form and admissions list
Rivers State Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Gateway Polytechnic Saapade, past questions, form and admissions list
Edo State Inst. of Tech and Mgt, Usen, past questions, form and admissions list
Niger State Poly, Zungeru, Niger State, past questions, form and admissions list
List of Private Polytechnics in Nigeria
Allover Central Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Crown Polytechnics, past questions, form and admissions list
Covenant Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Dorben Polytechnic, Bwari-Garam Road, past questions, form and admissions list
Fidei Polytechnic, Gboko, past questions, form and admissions list
Grace Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Grace Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Igbajo Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
The Polytechnic, Ile-Ife, NITEL Road, past questions, form and admissions list
Lagos City Poly, Ikeja, Lagos State, past questions, form and admissions list
Light House Polytechnic, Eubuobanosa, past questions, form and admissions list
Interlink Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Kings Polytechnic, Ubiaja, past questions, form and admissions list
RONIK Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Shaka Polytechnic, Polytechnic, Benin city, past questions, form and admissions list
Temple-Gate Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Wolex Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
Prime Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list
The Polytechnic Imesi-Ile, Osun, past questions, form and admissions list
Heritage Polytechnic, Ikot Udota, past questions, form and admissions list
Ibadan City Polytechnic, past questions, form and admissions list