PROBLEM OF UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG GRADUATES .

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ABSTRACT

In this research, it is assumed that unemployment is a factor inherent in the nations economics system first because intentionally or unintentionally the policy makers do not deliberately result to measures capable of reducing unemployment to acceptable level. This research is concerned with ways and means of identifying the cause and measures of curbing the problems created by unemployment.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Background of the Study 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem 4

1.3 Significance of the Study 6

1.4 Scope of the Study 7

1.5 Research Question 9

1.6 Definition of Terms 10

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 Literature Review 11

2.2 Social Consequences of Unemployment 12

2.3 Solution to Unemployment 14

2.4 Types of Unemployment 15

2.5 Causes of Unemployment 17

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 Research Method 25

3.2 Research Limitation 26

3.3 Distribution and Collection of Questionnaire 27

3.4 Questionnaire Distribution and Collection 28

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data 30

4.2 Testing of Research Questions/Hypothesis 32

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Summary of Findings 41

5.2 Conclusion 42

5.3 Restatement of the Problems 44

5.4 Recommendation 45

Bibliography 48

Appendix 5

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Nigeria is a country through multiple transition, form the period of colonialism to independence, from literacy, subsistence, agriculture to monetary economy, rural life to urban cosmopolitan life, from the day of employment to the days of mass unemployment, the time and time again throughout the human history, year after year in Nigeria, the increasing number of graduates joining the labour market keeping rising geometrically and any hope for them to secure jobs looks pessimistic the tempo of economic development does not keep pace with the rate of educational advancement, that a developing country should suffer from surplus labour in hardly surprising, but generally, unemployment is one thing and graduate unemployment is another, employment has in all its ramification come to stay with us since the ear of oil boom which has unfortunately turned to our doom.

According to daily star, June 30, (1986), unemployment is described as a situation where there are few jobs to go around the great number of people willing to work. Here, it cold be both educated and uneducated people in the country, youth employment has become some of the basic economic social and political problems facing so many states in Nigeria recently, the graduates in this context are generally the school leavers from over post primary and higher school of learning. This pitiable “labour forces” who are left redundant are eve ready to put in their best services in any kind of jobs, but would not be called upon to do so because of the situation in the country.

In Enugu metropolis, there has been a persistent increase of unemployed graduates of institution of higher learning.

On this note, there fore, it becomes imperative to give a brief definition of unemployment. According to Nigeria statement may 28, 1986, “unemployment connotes the scarcity of job both in public and private sectors. Also according to weekly star, August, 17 1986, unemployment is the state of being employed, it further describes a person as unemployed when despite his ability and willingness to work in jobless.

In the light of this problem, the former head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces General Sani Abacha in his 1^st October, 1995 broadcast lifted the ban on employment. There is no doubt that the country has witnessed an upsurge in crime such as drug addiction and sophisticated armed robberies while broken home, malnutrition and many other social vices are on the increase too. Other factors that contributed to this situation also remain an integral part of this research, such factors include the expansion of the existing schools and establishment of new schools without a collateral increase in industries to absorb produced graduates, the behaviour of youth and graduated themselves towards jobs like farming, construction of roads, bridges, school taxi cars and also the over-dependence of a mono-export-oriented economy, etc.

1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

The unabated increase in the rate of unemployment among the youth, with particular emphasis on higher institution has been a source of concern to the entire nation. Moreso, being aware of the social vices that this situation could result it makes it more disabusing, the situation is a delima when we consider many policies and legislation so far put in place by the government to cub this mind and how ineffective they have been as an instrument to reduce unemployment. The researcher having considered the above and decided the study the under listed problems with the view to x-raying then and possibly proffering lasting solutions to them.

The increase in the rate of unemployment among the youth not withstanding that the federal government of Nigeria have lifted embargo on employment.
The youth we have today includes those who have studied in very essential field which before now was not so. Nevertheless the suffer unemployment.
The increase in scope of private sector participation which should result the increase in employment of university graduate has not been true in our situation.
The federal government recently increased the capital base of the bank of industry so as to allow more graduate to participate in the federal government loan scheme, with the aim of being employed, but this has not yielded any meaningful results or reduced the unemployment toll.

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

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