AN EVALUATION INTO THE NATURE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE NEW PRODUCTS DEVELOPED IN THE BANKING INDUSTRY 1990 – 2003.

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ABSTRACT

This research studied the evaluation into the Nature, problem and prospect of the New product developed in the banking industry from 1990-2003.
In this research work, the researcher choosed four of the products and measures the extent to which they have been able to satisfy the customers. The product selected are, SMART CARD, INTERNATIONAL MONEY TRANSFER, EDUCATIONAL SCHEME AND INTEGRATED NET WORK TRANSACTION.
Data for this research were collected though questionnaire and interviews by bank customers and the review of existing literature on the topic using simple random procedure and the descriptive method of research. The data so collected were analysed using the simple percentage and the formulated hypothesis were tested with chi-square (X2) method.
Some of the findings are, the nature of the new product ca be measured in terms of accessibility, speed, timeliness, simplicity and reliability. Customers who patronize this products are mainly those who want money transfer both locally and internationally. Customers derived high level of satisfaction from the New products. Inadequate infrastructural level in our banking industry and high cost of installing them contributed to the problems of the New Products.
Based on the findings, the following were recommended, that banks should come together and establish a common data communication satellite to minimize constant problems.
A parallel organization that was supplying electricity in competition with NEPA should be allowed to evolved so that an efficient supply of electricity can be ensured.
Finally, since this study alone cannot be exhaustive of this vital subject, it is recommended for further studies.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problems 2
1.3 Objective of the Study 2
1.4 Research Questions 3
1.5 Research Hypotheses 4
1.6 Significance of the Study 4
1.7 Scope, Limitations and Delimitation 6
1.8 Definition of Terms 8
Reference 10
CHAPTER TWO
Review of Related Literature 11
2.1 New Products for Effective Banking Operation 12
2.2 The Nature of the New Products in the Banking Industry 12
2.3 Information Technology 15
2.4 Globalization of Banking Industry 17
2.4 The Concept of Universal Banking 19
2.5 Prospects and Problems of the New Products in the Nigeria 20
2.6 The Review of Other Related Completed Research Work 24
2.7 Summary and Justification 25
Reference 27
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research Design and Methodology 28
3.1 Research Design 28
3.2 Area of Study 28
3.3 Population 28
3.4 Sample and Sampling Techniques 29
3.5 Instruments of Data Collection 29
3.6 Method of Data Presentation 29
3.7 Method of Data Analysis 30
Reference 33
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Data Presentation and Analysis 34
4.2 Questionnaire Presentation and Analysis 34
4.3 Test of Hypotheses 44
CHAPTER FIVE
Findings, Recommendation and Conclusion 51
5.1 Summary of findings 51
5.2 Recommendation 52
5.3 Conclusion 53
5.4 Suggestion for Further Research 53
Bibliography 54

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The history of banking in Nigeria dates back to pre-independence period, then the establishment of banks was motivated by the urge on the part of government to inculcate banking culture in the people and the desire of the people themselves to fund a means of making financial intermediation easy.
In the recent times, between 1990-2003 a lot of techniques are sued by banks to facilitate customers services and customers satisfaction which has led to the introduction of the New Products developed in the Banking industry. These new products developed in the banking industry today revolve around electronic banking and information technology.
As a result of this, the researcher seeks to study the nature, problems and prospects of the New products developed in the banking industries between 1990-2003.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS
This research is designed to find out the Nature, problems and prospects of the New Products developed in the banking industry between 1990-2003.
Therefore, the statement of the problem in the research work remain this to what extent has the New Product in the banking industry today been able to meet customers satisfaction. In looking at the statement of the problem, one needs to bear in mind that some customers come to the bank for certain needs that are peculiar to their own circumstances while some come for reasons that could be general. The ability of these new products in the banking industry is to meet customers needs ad facilitate their satisfaction determine their efficiency.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
In view of the problems identified, this

THE STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF UNIVERSAL BANKING IN NIGERIA FINANCIAL SYSTEM .

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CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 4
1.3 PURPOSE / OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 5
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 6
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 7
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 9
1.7 SCOPE , LIMITATIONS AND DELIMITATIONS 10
1.8 OPERATION OF TERMS 11
CHAPTER TWO
1.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 OVER – VIEW OF NIGERIA FINANCIAL SYSTEM 16
2.2 REVIEW OF AN TEMPORARY DEVELOPMENT TO NIGERIA BANKING SYSTEM 17
2.3 NIGERIA FINANCIAL SYSTEM PRIOR TO THE ADOPTION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF UNIVERSAL BANKING 21
2.4 HISTORY OF UNIVERSAL BANKING IN NIGERIA 27
2.5 IMPERATIVE FOR UNIVERSAL BANKING IN NIGERIA 30
2.6 MODEL OF UNIVERSAL BANKING IN SELECTED
COUNTRIES 32
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN 39
3.2 AREA OF STUDY 39
3.3 POPULATION 39
3.4 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUES 40
3.5 INSTRUMENTS OF DATA COLLECTION 42
3.6 METHOD OF DATA PRESENTATION 42
3.7 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS 42
3.8 DECISION RULE 43
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 DATA PRESENTATION 45
4.2 TESTING HYPOTHESIS 57
4.3 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS 57
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION 76
5.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 76
5.2 RECOMMENDATION 78
5.3 CONCLUSION 80
5.4 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER STUDIES 81
BIBLIOGRAPHY 83
APPENDIX 1. COVERING LETTER 86
2. QUESTIONNAIRE 86
3. CRITICAL VALUE OF CHI – SQUARE91 DISTRIBUTION TABLE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The performance of the Nigeria banking sector has been a serious concern to the generality of Nigeria. Such Nigerians includes but are not restricted to politicians, the military, the academic community , industrialist , traders, and even the peasant community. As one reflects on the present state of the sector, one cannot but come to the sad conclusion that all is not well.
Actually, the method of expressing the dissentient within the banking sector may be varied but there is umainity in feedings. These feelings have one interpretation, which can be described in a polite language as bewilderment at the modes of operation of banks.
The questions that readily comes to mind is encapsulated in one sentence; what is wrong with our banking sector ? other questions fact draws from this includes.
(i) Is the problems that of management ?
(ii) Is the problem that of poor regulatory policy by the controlling authorities ?
(iii) Is the Nigeria banking environment inherently defective ?
Whatever the reasons that can be adduced for the unimpressed performance of this subsection, one thing is crystal clear, the banking sector is sick and may have lapsed into comma, therefore a serious surgical operations may be required to revitalize and sanitize it.
Furthermore, inspite of drastic changes that took place in the Nigeria Banking sector within the last decade in the area of institutional framework, legal and regulatory financial, the overall performance of this industry can be said to be grotesque, absend and in congruous with the expectation of Nigerians. (Emekewue, 2003) .
With the ever – increasing deregulation and liberalization of the financial system and the revolution in information technology, the Nigeria economy cannot but be affected by the globalization of the world economy. It will be faced with foreign competition for it is handily position for Nigeria to benefit from position result this phenomenon, such as capital flows, it mater have a health and sound financial system and institution with the capacity to play the global gave efficiently and effectively (CBN) Ballion 2003
Moreover, within the context of globalization, deregulation and liberalization, the preference will before a system that permits unfettered choice which is a vote for the universal banking, where the financial bankers between banks are removed and scope and operation of banks enhanced.
This, the concept of universal banking will allow banks the authority to decide on its portfolio of business, select appropriate delivery channels and faculties within an appropriate and applicable regulatory framework. The distinction between money, capital market and insurance business is survived, and the emergence of large financial conglomerates and banking group will be encourage.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The banking crisis that gives rise to the failure of may banks has brought the venerability of the banking sector to constant focus. The failure may banks in fail country has not only posed integrity question but has greatly reduced the confidence, which is the greatest assets of banks.
This the researcher intends to study and examine the impact of the universal banking in Nigeria financial system and to make appropriate recommendation for optimum performance
1.3 PURPOSE / OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

CAUSES AND EFFECT OF MISMANAGEMENT IN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS

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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Objective /purpose of the study
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Limitation of the study

CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Literature review

CHAPTER THREE
Research design and methodology
3.1 Sources of data
3.2 Location of data
3.3 Method of data collection
Reference

CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Finding

CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Conclusion and Recommendation
Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 OVERVIEW
A financial institution is an organized body, concerned with the management of money. This is to say that the institution is responsible for the lending and borrowing of money. In other works, it is an institution involved in financial intermediation where money is mobilized and channeled from the public dialing (those who have surplus fund and want to some to those who want to invest in productive activities) some of the institution in Nigeria are “CBN, merchant bank, commercial bank, insurance company, Development banks, stock exchange market etc.
Mismanagement is defined by “Land-man English dictionary” as control or deals with private, public or business affairs badly or unskillfully etc.
The mismanagement is also defined by “oxford English dictionary version” as mismanage, bad improper administration to manary badly or wrongly. Then financial mismanagement according to the above definitions may be improper administration bad or wrong use of money inadequate collateral security of granting loan mis appropriation collateral of money or management of finance unskillfully.
The central bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the open bank of a national that serves as the main source of revenue to the government, it equality gives advisory measures to the government. And also help the government extremely in international trade etc.
To the public and private individual bank especially the commercial banks provides draftier support to the public and individual affairs. The bank grant loans advances, make payment locally or outside Nigeria. In fact they perform varieties of functions to satisfy the financial needs of all types of customers from small personal account holder to big incorporations and public organization. That is by accepting deposits, safe custody agency services e.t.c.
This industries have grown beyond optimistic expectoration over the year or period in the number of bank that expanded in five years. The variety of bank increased and the growth of the industries resulted to loss of professionalism in services, increasing fraud owing to the craze for material wealth, inflating of contract, God fatherism poor portfolio and other back malsfeasence which has contributed extremely to the constant report of financial mismanagement in a financial institution. The causes of financial mismanagement and misappropriation of public funds are now rampant in these financial institutions.
Eve the workers in these institutes had complained bitterly about hanger and starvation. Due to mobility of the manger to pay of their salaries. This has almost the time happened due to misappropriation and improper control and utilization of funds ment for salaries.
Reports of riots, unrest or strike of workers which bring a lot on the economy not to function effectively due mismanagement by manager of this financial institution.
In this case, mismanagement has resulted to a great effect over many sections of life of the above mentioned. Such as company, individuals, worker and the economy as a whole. The tendency to embezzle and get rich quick mentality his continued down the line. The serious act of financial institution in Nigeria.
Furthmore, mismanagement in financial institutions has make them unable to tackle their problem and obligation like paying of takes to the government, cash reserved ratio workers salaries, giving our loan e.t.c
After the last over throvobment of the civilian administration in the country many financial institutions made a lot of staggering discovered to fund misappropriation through inflated contract, bribery and kick backs etc. Since then Nigeria economy has become a sick body up till today.
Mismanagement in these financial institution had contributed to a large extent to the various drown-back, which inhabit infrastructure workers salaries. This has also created a lot of imbalance to the government in their revenues generation, Necessary that a research of this kind is carried out for possible solution to the problem of fraud mismanagement in banks.
In Nigeria today, financial institutions are among the important institutions which are responsible for the countries economic growth without financial institutions like companies, capital market etc. Nigeria and other countries will find it difficult to framsalt business together financial institution like banks perform some duties to the country, state public and individuals.
Some financial institution closed up due to the fact that mismanagement closed up too and companies and individual who have account in this bank lost.
During the period of the civilian administration over thrownment many financial manage to survive through inflated contract, briddery and kick back etc, which lead the economy of Nigeria back ward, in fact financial analysts put public fund to as been misused and equaling smuggled out of the country a several billion of anria.
Finally, various officers mostly the managers and cashiers of those institutions are accused of the abnormal. The researchers went in deep to finding out the true situation. Manager contributes a majority of the respondent use.

1.2 THE STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
In this aspect it is well known fact that adequate management in the financial institutions will enable them play their roles as supposed. And achieve their basic aims and objectives as well as they planned it earlier. But they have been unable to perform their rules ie, selling of securities, paying of tax which is a source of revenues to the government.
Thereby encountering some problems which may be started as following:
i. They are finding themselves to meet customers with dreads.
ii. They is persistent loss

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA (CASE STUDY OF MBANABO NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT.

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Bank Name: GTBank
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Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
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AFTER PAYMENT SEND YOUR PAYMENT DETAILS TO

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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of problem
1.3 Purpose of the study
1.4 Hypothesis
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Scope and limitation
1.7 Definition of terms
Reference:
CHAPTER TWO: review of related Literature
2.1 Historical development of local Govt. in Nigeria
2.2 Local government and national development
2.3 Sources of revenue of local councils
2.4 Expenditure pattern of local government
2.5 Budgeting and internal control in L.G operations
2.6 Consolidated revenue fund (CRF)
2.7 Problems of local government
2.8 Departmental vote revenue and expenditure A//C
2.9 Local government administration (2002 –2004)
Reference:
CHAPTER THREE: Research design and methodology
3.1 Study area
3.2 Sources of data
3.3 Research instrument
3.4 Population of the study
3.5 Determination of simple size
3.6 Method of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR: Data presentation and analysis
4.1 Data presentation
4.2 Return of questionnaires
4.3 Data analysis
4.4 Test of hypothesis by using Chi-square (X2)
CHAPTER FIVE :Summary of findings, recommendations and conclusion.
5.1 Summary of findings
5.2 Recommendations
5.3 Conclusions
Bibliography

PROPOSAL
The basis objective underlying this study is to analyze critically how the expenditure and revenue pattern of local government administration in Nigeria is carried out. This research work has been structured into five chapters to make for easy comprehension.
The author will find out why some various Local Government authorities have been under funded which makes them not to live up to their expectation in services.
The author will present research design and methodology is study area, including sources of data e.g. Primary and Secondary sources. The author will show the research instrument used.
The author will present and analyze data and show how questionnaire were distributed. From there the author will summarize what has been written and draw conclusion and recommendations.

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Local government is the third tier of government in Nigeria. The Local government system was entrenched in the 1979 constitution via part 11, section 7, sub section (1)………5.
However, the origin of local government administration in Nigeria was empowered through the 1976 local government reform. When president Olusegun Obasanjo was the then Military Head of state, which terminated in 1979. this is to say that 1979 and 19989 Federal Republic of Nigeria constitution recognized the local government as the third tier of government and its function and role written in black and white. In the current dispensation of the 5th republic, which is less than 3 months now, the president Chief Olusegun Obasanjo has not been pleased with the way and manner in which the local governments were administered and consequently alleged financial reckless amongst local government chairmen. This gave rise to a 28n men technical committee to determine the tenor and texture of local government reform. This committee has been inaugurated by president Obasanjo and has the ETSU at NUPE, Achaji Umane Ndayoko as its head / chairmen, its terms of reference include the following.
1. To review the performance of local councils within the last four years and consider the desirability or otherwise of retaining them as the third tier of government. In that regard consider, among other optims the adoption of a modified version of pre 1976 local government systems of Nigeria.
2. To examine the problems of inefficiency and high cost of government with a view to reducing costs and wastages in the three tiers of governments.
3. Examine the high cost of electioneering campaign in the country and consider among other options, the desirability of whether political parties, rather than individuals office seekers should canvass for votes in elections.
4. Consider any other matters, which in the opinion of technical committee are germane to the goal of efficient structure of governance in Nigeria.

In anticipation of the technical committee to determine the tenor and texture of reform of the councils, the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) cancus suspended indefinitely the June 12, 2003, Local Council election pending the outcome of the 28-man Technical Committee inaugurated in June 2003 to be headed by the ETSU of NUPE. Alahji umaru Ndayoko. This is to say that up till date the 5th republic government has taken off without the democratic elected local government chairman. But rather, an appointed caretaker committee by the state government administration pending the conduct of such election. Other reasons deduced by the government over the indefinite suspension of the local poll was to have time to harmonize about 500 newly created councils since 1999, so that the National assembly shall make provisions for allocation of revenue to the councils as prescribed by section 7(6) of the constitution.
However, this project emphasis on “critical analysis of revenue and expenditure pattern of Local government administration ( a case study of Mbanabo North local government from 2000 –2004. Within the period under review (2000-2004) president Obasanjo has not really believed so much on the integrity, transparency and accountability of the local government administration in Nigeria especially during his regime as the 4th republican president from May 29, 1999 – May 29, 2004. the president has in so many causes alleged mismanagement of resources and unjustifiable expenditure by the third tier of government which most often gave rise to zero allocation. This implies that the intently generated revenue (IGR) of the third tier of government has been grossly inadequate to enable the council perform its statutory role efficiently.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Despite the importance of revenue to government and any other structural organization it appears as the life of any government administration in Nigeria. The same formal systemic and const

A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY BANKING IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT

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Foreign Transaction For Dollars Payment :
Bank Name: GTBank
Branch Location: Enugu State,Nigeria.
Account Name: Chi E-Concept Int’l
 Account Number:  0117780667. 
Swift Code: GTBINGLA 
Dollar conversion rate for Naira is 175 per dollar. 

Note:  We accept bank transfer, ATM cash transfer , Online payment using your ATM , Western union bank transfer.  We will respond to you anytime of the day. 

OR
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form>DELIVERY PERIOD FOR BANK PAYMENT IS  LESS THAN 24 HOURS

CALL OKEKE CHIDI C ON :  08074466939,08063386834.

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ABSTRACT
This research work scrutinized the roles of community banks in rural development is very essential to complete with other parts of the world.
Particularly those from industrial countries who are already in the rural development and have easy access to various type of community bank in rural development.
To be able to complete effectively with such rural development, Nigeria community banks must be willing to offer attracter terms.
The federal government has and is still working hard to encourage the development of community banking in rural areas. A good step towards this is the promulation of roles of community bank in rural development incentives and miscellonloans provision decree 46, which came up with numerous incentive to community bank in rural development.
More also is the inauguration of community bank in rural development. In a nutshell its pertinent to note that roles of community ban k in rural development is a great important towards economics development in rural areas.
Therefore all hands must be on desk to salvage our community from the hindrance or obstacles of community banks, so as to put our economy in to a better position.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Statement of problem 1
1.2 Rationale of study 2
1.3 Significance of study 3
1.4 Definition of terms 4
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Literature review 6
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Statement of hypothesis and methodology of study 13
3.2 Method of study 14
3.3 Method of data collection 14
3.4 Sources of data 16
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Presentation of data 18
4.2 Analysis of data 21
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary 25
5.2 Conclusion 26
5.3 Suggestion 27
Bibliography 30
CHAPTER ONE

1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The bank is structure to accommodate every community member including indulging, organization and non-indigenes.
A community bank is a self sustaining financial institution owned and managed by the community or group of people (age grades) in that community for credit worthiness.
I want to investigate how for the community banks have played the roles expected of them in rural development these roles include to:-
a) Provide financial and banking services to rural dwellers.
b) To serve as security to the rural dwellers operate equipment leasing facilities, supervises credit schemes for groups
c) Assist clients in marketing agricultural rural industries and other products.
I also want to investigate some of the problems facing these community banks in the performance of the roles:-
a. Reckless lending / spending inability to market banking service
b. Poor capital base has stagnated the progress of many community banks.
c. Staffing
d. Political

1.2 RATIONALE OF STUDY
A student of the nature must be purposive otherwise it will mean that the researcher has labour in vain.
The study, therefore are
1) The rapid development of production activities in the rural areas and hence the