THE EFFECTS OF MANAGEMENT OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC CORPORATIONS
(A CASE STUDY OF NEPA)
COMPLETE PROJECT MATERIAL COST 5000 NAIRA
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ABSTRACT
This research titled, ‘the effects of he management of accounts receivables on the performance of public corporation” was aimed at finding out all the factors that affect the level of receivable of public corporation reasons behind the huge amount of debts being owed this corporation and most importantly how the combine effects of these factors affect their performances generally.
This in line with the reasoning that the issue of the receivables and the problems usually arising from its poor management does not in any way exclude public corporation since most of them as well provide services on credit.
The research itself was designed to be descriptive, consequently, the survey research approach was adopted. Based on this public corporation the National Electric Power Authority (NEPA) were randomly selected as the sample. The sample size consisted of two hundred and ninety persons chosen from the three hundred customers to whom questionnaire were administered and also one hundred and twelve persons chosen from the one hundred and twenty employees of the sample co-operation to whom questionnaires were administered also in addition two different sets of questionnaire were designed for this study. While one as administered to the customers of the sample corporation, the other was administered to the employees.
Subsequently, information collected wee analysed using tables and simple percentage. Additionally, the chi-square dist and co-efficient of correlation were used in testing the hypothesis formulated in order to prove or disprove them after which the findings from the study were summarized and conclusions drawn from them.
The study showed that such factors as, the rates being charged for this corporations’ services the billing system the general economic situation in the country and the working conditions of the staff are some of the factors that influence receivables of public corporation. It was further discovered that inefficient management of receivables by public corporation directly and indirectly lead to such problems as illiquidity, irregular payment of workers salaries and other entitlements, employees less of motivation and high labour turnover all of which affects the per of public corporation negatively.
However, in view of the findings made from the study and conclusion drawn there from that how public corporation manage their receivables grossly affect their performance either directly or indirectly in the forms mentioned above, some recommendations were made in chapter five of this report and it is hoped that these recommendations are adhere to, there will be significant and justifiable improvements directly on their performances most especially in Enugu district and then the nation as a whole.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
- Background of the study 1
- Statement of the problem 3
- Purpose of the study 5
- Significance of the study 6
- Formulation of hypothesis 7
- Scope and limitations of the study 8
- Definition of terms 9
- Information of the case studies. 11
- Brief historical background of NEPA 11
- Brief historical background of water corporation 11
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
- The concept of accounts receivable 14
- Observation of accounts receivable 17
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- Research design 27
- Description of population 28
- Method of data collection 28
- Sample size 29
- Administration and retrieval questionnaire 29
- Description of questionnaire 31
- Method of data analysis 32
- Method of testing hypothesis 32
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
- Objective one 33
- Objective two 41
- Objective three 45
- Test of hypothesis 49
- Test of hypothesis one 50
- Test of hypothesis two 53
- Test of hypothesis three 55
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
- Summary of findings 60
- Recommendations 63
- Conclusion 65
BIBLIOGRAPHY 68
Appendices
Questionnaire for NEPA and Water corporations customers 72
Questionnaire for Water corporations staff 73
CHAPTER ONE
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Ordinary, the significance of granting trade credit by firms and organisations in current day activities in Nigeria cannot be over-stressed. This is because trade credit acts as an indispensable marketing device providing the easier ‘bridge’ through which goods and services are conveyed from the producers through the wholesaler and retailers to the consumers.
This granting of credit to customers through mostly used by commercial/private enterprise is in no way restricted to them alone as it is also used extensively by public corporations of these public corporations in National Electric Power Authority (NEPA), the Nigeria Telecommunications Plc (NITEL), Water corporation etc. The reasons these public corporations also grant credit to their customers are not too far to fetch, the first being that it gives them the advantages of billing their customers for services provided to them based on actual consumption rather than on mere estimates. The import of this is corporations are saved the trouble of petitions, protest and even legal actions that would have taken much of their time and money too.
The second reason being for these public corporations to take full advantages of the economics of scale since for them to have insisted on cash payment the point of consumption would have been undisputedly led to avoidable lower sales being recorded.
Also, insisting on cash-based transactions would have amounted to putting themselves at a very disadvantages position as they would have lost most of their customers to other competitors or even to substitutes being produced in large quantities all over the country. National Electric Power Authority (NEPA) for instance, people would have gone for generators, rechargeable laterns lamp etc in place of service provided by NEPA.
These in no doubt would have led to diseconomies of scale and its apparently consideration of all these that most public corporations in Nigeria seem to have consistently over-looked or even ignored adopting payment on cash basis as the solution to their numerous financial problems as being touted by some people.
However there is a problem usually associated with trade credit and that is, how to management it to avoid creating problems for the business vis-à-vis its per. For instance, from the financial reports of public corporation like NEPA, it could be virility be seen that receivables make up a larger portion of their current asset figure and this not without its attendant problem recovery risk. NEPA for instance has recently been battling with the over increasing debt (over N5b) owed to it by various calibers of consumers nationwide.
These have been the bane that public corporations especially NEPA in their quest to provide qualitative and unbearable service to entire populace and hence, the need to appraise their performances vis-a-vis the management of their book debts.
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Long over the years, there has been a general and widespread agitation by the Nigerian populace for efficient performance by public corporations most especially those of them that have a direct and equally noticeable impact on their lives like the National Electric Power Authority, (NEPA). Agreed that this corporation have to provide essential service even on credit basis to the citizenry just to make up, it is disheartening to note that it has instead ended up accumulating a huge amount of debt apparently more huge than it could management effectively.
For instance, NEPA alone is being owed to the turnover N5b as reported in the fourth page of business